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D3580 - Longsdon family of Little Longstone - [14th-20th Cent]

1 - 17 September 1757 Part of letter from A Longsdon at Worksop to James Longsdon at Longstone, directed to be left at Mr Bird's in Bakewell, addressed to "Dear Cousin", and subscribed "Your loving Aunt"; explaining that the letter is being sent by a man going to Monyash for Nancy Richardson who is on her way home from Nantwich; enclosing a letter from "Tomy" which he is ashamed to see and asking James in his reply to reprove Tomy for carelessness "and desire him to be grave, steddy and clean and not noisy or boisterous". Tomy is so fond of James that he will mind what he says. News of visiting friends and of a party going to Doncaster Races. Hopes to see "you young gentlemen" at Worksop Assemby. - 1757

2 - 15 June 1761 Letter from Henry Wright [? of Clontarf, Ireland] to Mr Longston enquiring for news of family and property following the death of his nephew, head of the Wright family [of Great Longstone] "which has thrown all my affairs in confusion and my poor little baby [nephew's son] left to the round world except Mr Vernon [baby's great uncle]. - 1761

3 - 23 March 1763 William Longsdon at Eyam to his uncle, Mr [Thomas] Longsdon at Little Longsdon [Longstone], saying that last Monday he saw Mr Beech who had forgotten his appointment with Thomas at Ashford. Beech goes to Mrs Finney's next Monday afternoon and wishes to meet them both there. William may not be able to go, so asks his uncle to do so, and thinks Beech cannot fail a third appointment, Beech said that he could not have the £200 owed to Thomas ready for 5 April and suggested deferring both the payment and the surrender but William told him that he thought this imprudent in view of the untrustworthiness of the people they were dealing with. Subscribed "Desiring love to Cousins and am your affectionate Nephew". - 1763

4 - 27 March [?1779] A Grove at Edensor to James Longsdon at Mr Morewood's, Manchester, twitting James for expecting an answer quickly from Grove and Mrs Gell when he himself had not written for some time. The next Bakewell assembly will be held on Easter Tuesday when the Gells will dine at Dr Denman's. Grove and his sister are invited. Can James meet them there? He teases James about his courtship of Mrs Patty N[ee]d[ha]m and advises staying single. - [1779]

5 - 23 April 1779 D[orothea] Gell at Hopton to James Longsdon at Manchester saying that she has several times heard that he is busy in business, and is glad to have his letter. She has written to John Allen asking him to come, but he is away. She and her husband are going to Bakewell fishing, but it is too much to hope that James will meet them there. She gives news of the wedding of Mr Thornhill and Fanny Gould, and asks if it is true that Miss M Needham is going to be married. Mr Gell is well and it would give him great pleasure to meet James this week or next week at Bakewell. - 1779

6 - 27 May 1779 D[orothea] Gell at Hopton to James Longsdon at Little Longsdon, a lively letter teasing him and telling him that her husband and she are not going to Bakewell until better weather, commenting that fishing is totally out of the question in muddy weather, and twitting him about the rain and his passion for pretty women. - 1779

7 - 26 April 1780 Mr & Mrs Gell and Mr Hall at Hopton to James Longsdon at Manchester with compliments on his father's recovery, and an invitation to come into Derbyshire and fish with Mr Gell. - 1780

8 - 17 August 1780 J Flint at Redford [Nottinghamshire] to James Longsdon at Longstone asking to what house in Chesterfield he should send the promised pup from his latter litter, which can be taken by boat to Chesterfield. On doctor's orders, he has been sea-bathing in Lincolnshire for a month. Wishes James good diversion amongst the feathered tribe, when the season admits of it. - 1780

9 - 27 May 1781 Randolf Carleill at Brosterfield [?name of house. Carleill later rented Great Longstone Hall] to Mr Longsdon of Longstone, saying that he has been to Eyam where he told Longsdon's cousin that he had a favour to ask Longsdon. He wants him to enquire about the cost of handsome plain postchaise. He has been recommended to several places, but in company with Longsdon's cousin, he thinks Manchester best. - 1781

10 - 11 December 1781 M Miles at Coleston [unidentified] to James Longsdon about a letter received by her husband from Mr Arkwright saying that he and James proposed to visit them about now. Mr Milnes has written suggesting the 15th to meet her which will give their dogs a day's rest. They hope James will not fail to come because he has never yet known what coursing is. Mr Milnes asks James to let Mr Needham know of this meeting and hopes he will join them. - 1781

11 - P Pegge at Beauchief [then in Derbyshire, now in Sheffield] to James Longsdon at Manchester - 10 Feb 1782

12 - 30 January 1783 E Mackmurdo to [? James Longsdon] condoling on ill health. - 1783

13 - 16 April 1783 John Morewood at London [on leave from St Petersburg] to James Longsdon at Longstone in holiday mood, teasing James about his courtship, making a slight reference to trade in tallow, but mainly making social chit-chat. - 1783

14 - 12 September 1786 William Longsdon at Eyam to Mr [James] Longsdon at Little Longsdon, congratulating him on Mrs Longsdon being safely delivered of a fine boy [James Longsdon junior], with a postscript that Lieutenant Bird desires his best compliments and congratulations to be sent. - 1786

15 - 19 February 1788 J Bill at Farley to Mr Longsdon at Longsdon near Bakewell saying that a few weeks ago he met two young Oxonians one of whom had visited Matlock and elsewhere in Derbyshire, and to whom Bill expatiated on the beauties of the dales of Monsall [Monsal] and Middleton, etc, which occasioned this letter. Bill has great pleasure in breaking long silence and would be very glad to see him and Mrs Longsdon here as Longsdon had given him hopes of on the way to Lichfield. One of the Oxonians has written asking for information on the Rectory of Eyam where his friend has a prospect of settling - Bill supposes by purchase - what is its yearly value and how the emoluments arise. Produce from mines must, of course, always fluctuate, but Bill supposes there must always be some. Mr Seward, the present Rector, [father of Anna Seward] told Bill early in their acquaintance that he received £500 or £600 per annum for tithe pigs [of lead] to Bill's surprise. Bill supposes that contract to have been of short duration commenting Mr Seward's love of a good story, though he is now, Bill believes, past relishing one. As it is a Rectory the great tithes of corn belong to it and Bill would be glad to know their value and how they are let, and likewise for glebe, wool, lambs, etc. Bill adds that Mr Longsdon of Eyam can give ample information and he hopes he will do him that favour. Bill sends compliments to him and chides him for not calling when within half a mile. Bill's brother has been in London for 3 months and does not say when he will come home. Mrs Bill joins in compliments to Longsdon, his wife and his brother. [1788] Undated covering letter for Bill's letter from James Longsdon of Eyam, asking him to send a reply by the bearer and leave a few lines for James. He does not, however, wish Matthew to stay all night, and if it is more convenient, will call for the reply himself on Tuesday if the day is fine. He expects to be at [? Goatley] at 10, and wishes cousin to let James' brother Thomas know, and if Tuesday is rainy, they will call on Wednesday morning. - [1788]

16 - Copy letter to Mr John Dirt congratulating him on notice to move for a tax on dogs on Monday night - [1796]

17 - James Longsdon to Master James Longsdon at the Revd Mr Ashridge's, Heath, writing to "My dear James" on the occasion of his birthday telling him that his Mama has prepared a plump pudding and they will drink his health. - 12 Sep 1799

18 - 29 November 1799 E[lizabeth] Longsdon at Longsdon to Master Longsdon at the Rev Mr Ashridge's, Heath, writing to her dear William that his letter gave her very great pleasure and that his Papa thinks it very well written. She is glad to hear by Mr Snibson that he and his brothers are well. She hopes to see them at Christmas in good spirits, and asks them to let her know if they want anything. Their cousin Mary Gardom is here and she and their sisters send love to them all and to Mary's brother, Tom. Subscribed "Very sincerely yours, E Longsdon". Addendum by James Longsdon to James, John and William telling them that he is very happy in hearing that they are well. He hopes they are good boys and mind their books. He has sold James' heifer with two others, for £12, less than he expected, but the extreme wetness of summer has been greatly against fattening cattle, especially the younger sort. Now, thank God, with fine weather the latter part of his cattle are likely to turn out better than he some time since expected. If the weather continues fine, he will ride over to see them before the holiday, but cannot speak positively. He refers to their pleasant meeting at Chesterfield and asks them to write if they would like another, telling him anything else that occurs to them. He enquires if Mr A has thrashed his wheat, commenting that now corn is dear he will be glad that he ploughed his field if he got a good crop. He tells them to look about them for a nice barren cow or two for the next season or a pair or two of good bullocks that have had some turnips. Subscribed "I am dear children your affectionate Father, James Longsdon". - 1799

19 - 29 January 1800 Elizabeth Longsdon at Longsdon to James Longsdon at Revd Mr Ashridge's, Heath, addressed to her dear James. She is sending with the letter a few shirts and things which they will want. She cannot send their box before next week because William Bennet has not done the things to be sent in it. Papa has a little cold and has not quite fixed about his journey. He thinks of going this week. Her cold is better. She rode with Papa to the Cliff [Stoney Middleton] yesterday and found James' uncle, aunt and cousins all well. She fears his cousins John and Thomas [?Gardom] had a very bad walk to Heath. She tells James to return the basket sent by Thomas Elliott with their things, and promises to forward their box as soon as things are ready. She hopes all are well and free from cold. His father and sisters unite with her in affectionate love to him and his brothers. Compliments to Mr A. Subscribed "Very sincerely yours Eliz Longsdon". - 1800

20 - James Longsdon at Little Longsdon to Master James Longsdon - 16 Mar 1801

21 - Friday 16 May [1801] D[orothea] Blore [formerly Gell] to James Longsdon, a gushing letter in affected strain thanking him and his wife for their attentions to her husband [Blore the antiquarian] and her at the auction of Mr Brighmore's effects. Comments on Bloomfield's Farmer's Boy. - [1801]

22 - 13 June [1801] D[rothea] Blore to Mrs Longsdon at Little Longstone on her [D Blore's] reasons for not dining with the gentleman on the occasion of a large male party. - [1801]

23 - 26 July 1801 D[rothea] Blore at Burne House to Mrs Longsdon, a gushing letter saying that Blore is at the assizes in Derby. She thanks her for the newspaper and comments that she loves to see all Lord St Helens' public transactions almost as she loves his face in private - a true FitzHerbert. She will believe peace is meant when he is sent ambassador to France. She is afraid of a thunderstorm, the thermometer is at 73. - 1801

24 - 13th Sunday after Trinity [30 August] 1801 D[rothea] Blore to Mrs Longsdon saying that she has walked over to see her, and regretting that she did not come to tea last Friday as half promised. - 1801

25 - 7 September 1801 D[rothea] Blore at Burne House to Mrs Longsdon at Little Longstone, thanking Mrs Longsdon and her husband for their kind attention. She is sorry to hear of Mrs Longsdon's indisposition and sends a book, a melancholy history of a noble [French] emigrant family wrought up with little additions by Fontaine. - 1801

26 - 9 October 1801 James Longsdon at Little Longstone to James, John and William Longdson at Heath. He has just had a fall from his horse, with his foot caught in the stirrup. His extrication was providential and he is in the greatest dread for the situation in which their dear Mother and they would have been left on account of their Juvenile years. It happened on 31 September but their mother agreed that they should not be told immediately. He sent a message by the Ashridges' neighbour, Hill. In answer to John's letter to their mother of the 7th he is pleased to reply that he is recovering fast. On Tuesday he went to Chesterfield in the Chaise with their mother who wanted to see their sister Elizabeth. The swelling on his ankle increased but has subsided. Mr Walker is not pleased that he went. He has received James' reply of 4th in which he guesses very near indeed the prices at which the Ram and Bullocks sold. They will hear from Hill about the little Theaves [young ewes]. He has not sold any more cattle which he probably would have done if not confined to home. Cousin Sarah is here. He is thinking how "rejoiced your young hearts would be at the sudden news of Peace. Treasure the Event in your Memories and some of the occurrences of the War have been so extraodrinary that I think you will remember them when you are old for I hope there will be no similar scenes to contrast them with in your future days and that you will never more hear of Host incamping against this happy Country or see its peace destroyed by civil war or the anarchy of foolish republicanism". Mr Finch came over to James on the receipt of the News of Peace at Manchester. If James had been well he would have been there. Mr Finch reports that every mind concerned in Trade is full of bustle and speculation. He has not yet decided whether to send cattle to Bakewell Fair on Monday. Addendum from mother to John saying that his cousin wants a letter from him, and she [mother] would much like one from her dear William. Katharine sends true love to all. Subscribed from his very affectionate mother Elizabeth Longsdon. - 1801

27 - 14 October 1801 E[lizabeth] Longsdon to Master James Longsdon, instructing him if Mr A permits his return as she has requested to bring his white waistcoat, pantaloons, white stockings, and best pumps in his saddle bags, and if he can to buy on the way from Chesterfield a pair of neat leather gloves such as she bought him for the ball in Chesterfield. Miss Walker would go with him to get them if he requested it. He must not forget to bring home the Ticket that Mr Ashridge will give him. He is to call on his sister at Miss Bradleys and give her their love. John Bennet has a book and letter which he [James] may take to her. He is to bring Mrs L Senior a Ribbon from Chesterfield to wear for the Peace. - 1801

28 - 28 October [1801] Eliz Longsdon to her dear James, Master James Longsdon, The Revd John Ashridge, Heath. She brought his sister home poorly from Chesterfield but thinks she will be better in a few days. Kate has gone to the Cliffe [Stoney Middleton] for a little time, went in high spirits, rode pillion behind Joseph on the Black Mare all the way except half a mile. Father is improving slowly and has gone this morning to Tideswell Fair. He sends his love. She sent the things left at Chesterfield by Thomas Elliott on Tuesday. - [1801]

29 - 27 February 1802 .... Whateley at London to James Longsdon at Longstone, Bakewell. He has waited on Ambrose and sent to him several times to settle Longsdon's and Mr Gardom's accounts. Ambrose has promised to do it in a few days and then Whateley will remit James' to Manchester. He encloses Lottery Ticket No 28601, costing £16.18s. Whateley comments that James stands a better chance of getting rich by playing Whist at guinea points than by paying for a piece of paper nearly 100% above true value. Subscribed "Your affectionate friend". - 1802

30 - 1 April 1802 James Longsdon to James Longsdon Junior at the Revd John Ashridge's, Heath, telling him to ask Mr Ashridge's leave to meet him next day at Chesterfield at Mrs Gardom's about 6 in the evening, and come prepared to return home with him for a night or two. James sends his respects to Mr Ashridge and congratulates with him on 2 good pieces of news, the Definitive Treaty of Peace and Repeal of the Income Tax Act. James has taken an active part in promoting a Petition in his neighbourhood for the latter purpose. Mr Finch is about to leave for Manchester. Mother thanks John for his letter of 26 of last month. James bought some sheep at high price on account of their bread but has no time for details. If James is prevented from meeting James junior, at Mrs Gardom's on Friday he will be there on Saturday. - 1802

31 - 3 June 1802 Eliz. Longsdon at Little Longsdon to James Longsdon, junior, saying that she is glad to hear by John Bennet that he had a pleasant ride to Heath and found his brother well. She is surprised that his brother had not had his stockings nor Mr Ashridge his letter, and will send to Baslow today to inquire about the letter. She asks James why he did not order John Bennet to call on Swift on his return through Chesterfield and ask whether he had delivered the parcel which Joseph gave to his care to Thomas Elliot. She tells James to enquire of Thomas Elliot if it has been given to him. She encloses 2 shirts, for he took everything else with him. His father and sisters are well. She rejoiced to see this fine rain, but is sorry to see the few lines which he wrote to his father on Sunday so carelessly written. - 1802

32 - 21 March 1803 William Longsdon at Heath to his mother, Mrs L Longsdon, saying that he sends his waistcoat as she asked him to do when it wanted washing. John wants Telemachus in French. Mr Tunaley starts dancing soon, and as Summer is coming on her sons hope she will send their nankin [nankeen] clothes, with a night shirt or two for John as she only sent him one in the box, and cloth to mend his own light coloured pantaloons. Her sons unite in duty to their father and her, and send love to their uncle and sister. - 1803

33 - 25 March 1803 John Longsdon at Heath to his mother. He has received the portmanteau with clothes and letter this morning. William's stockings and their coats fit very well. He will be glad to see Father at Heath in good health again and wants to speak to him about drawing. It will afford him great pleasure to draw Baddon or any other thing for Mr Barker, as she desires it. He is writing to James tomorrow or Sunday. He has no breeches for every day but old blue pantaloons and an old pair of James', both worn. He wants a pair of fustian, and a pair of strong shoes for William who is as badly off for shoes as John for breeches. He sends his duty to his parents and love to Uncle [John] and Kate. - 1803

34 - 4 April 1803 Elizabeth Longsdon to James Longsdon, junior at Nottingham. Father and Uncle Gardom are riding to Nottingham. She has not forgotten his stockings and his Uncle George tells her they will be sent in a few days. She is sending a waistcoat by Father, and hopes he likes it. Kate sends love and says your ewe has 2 pretty ewe lambs, William's has 2. She can say nothing of the others. Father will have much to say about the cattle he brought at Chesterfield Fair. James junior's, cousin E Gardom is here and will stay till Father's return. His cousins Sarah and William spent yesterday with them. She had a letter from his sister [Elizabeth] last week. She is well but several young ladies have gone home ill from Miss Bradley's including his cousin Ann Gardom. His grandmother has been very poorly but is now something better. The Nottingham scene will be new to him but she fancies he will not be much in the bustle of it. She is happy that he likes Nottingham and hopes that he will make the most of his opportunities in his few months there. - 1803

35 - 6 April 1803 John Longsdon at Heath to his mother. He was glad to see his father so much recovered yesterday. He received the pantaloons and William's waistcoat this morning. He sends his love to his Uncle and thanks for the letter. He will be glad to have a letter in French from Mr Barker and will write him one as soon as he can. He will continue drawing next quarter but not dancing. William is well. They write in duty and love. Friday morning He has just received the small clothes. He asks his mother to let them know how Father got home from Nottingham and whether he has brought home a book. - 1803

36 - Undated [1803] John Longsdon at Heath to his mother, saying that he is glad that his father is better, that he received a letter from James on the 7th, and that he wishes to continue drawing. - [1803]

37 - James Longsdon to James Longsdon, junior, at the Revd. Mr Blanchard's, Nottingham - 10 Apr 1803

38 - 18 April 1803 John Longsdon at Heath to his mother, thanking her for clothes. He needs more shirts. William has received a pair of shoes from John Gardom which fit well. John wishes his father success on his journey into Lancashire. - 1803

39 - 6 May 1803 John Longsdon at Heath to Master James Longsdon with Mr Blanchard; Nottingham, telling of his father's safe arrival in Lancashire. Letter in French. - 1803

40 - 11 May 1803 Elizabeth Longsdon to her son James Longsdon at the Revd. John Blanchard's. She sends 4 pairs of cotton hose and nankeen trousers. If the box is useful James may keep it at Nottingham and bring his things home in the hair trunk at Midsummer. She is going to Chesterfield to bring back his grandmother for a visit. She will see his sister who was well on Monday. - 1803

41 - 6 February 1804 W[illiam] Longsdon at Nottingham [?an exercise]. He is glad friends at Manchester are well. He thanks for goods purchased for him. He wants 10 bags of cotton of the same quality as the last. He was in London last week with his cousin and much entertained in many noble buildings. He sends respects to friends at Liverpool. - 1804

42 - 15 December 1804 John Blanchard at Nottingham, to James Longsdon, senior, speaking of William's good qualities - a more studious, better disposed young man never entered a school. - 1804

43 - William Wright [of Exeter, Devon and Great Longstone] of the 63rd Regiment of Foot to James Longsdon - [c1804]

44 - 14 June 1806 John Blanchard at Nottingham to James Longsdon, senior, in high praise of William Longsdon. Where there is unformly excellence it is in vain to select what is most excellent. - 1806

45 - James Longsdon, senior, at Manchester to his son, James Longsdon, junior, at The King's Arms, Lancaster - 28 Apr 1806

46 - Tuesday 29 April 1806 James Longsdon, senior, at The Spread Eagle, Hanging Ditch [?Manchester] to James Longsdon junior, at The King's Arms Inn, Lancaster, thanking him for his letter of the 27th from Settle, worried about his cold hanging on, chiefly from his appearance on his return from drill at Brosterfield [parish of Foolow], begging him to take care of himself. James comments on the cattle trade and a likely purchase from T Bates of Cheetham Hill [Manchester] a mile or two hence of cattle just come from Cumberland, bought mainly at Perth. The drover said the bullocks at Perth did not sell readily. There were many Irish there. - 1806

47 - Wednesday 6 March [1807] J Peake to James Longsdon at Longstone, thanking him for his hospitality on a recent visit to Longstone. The Market is dull as usual on the first Market Day in the month. A report mentions that several houses in New York [United States of America] have suspended payment. A considerable Yorkshire long established here stopped payment yesterday. They were the main factors of about 2000 pieces of calico weekly. - [1807]

48 - 3 July 1807 Blore at Eden [?Edensor] to James Longsdon [senior], writing to thank him for hospitality after a ten day visit. She moralises over the degeneracy of Mr Berkeley and his family's evil gossip. She pities him. - 1807

49 - 26 August 1807 T[homas?] Morewood at London to James Longsdon at Longsdon [Longstone] near Bakewell, acknowledging receipt of James' letter of 24 of this month, advising Morewood of James having valued on Morewood's firm for £200 in farm bills to Order of Sundries, which will be honoured by writer's brother, J Morewood. Should there be a sudden rise in price of public funds before an answer to the letter James can give final instructions to MWW re sale of James' 3%, writer will wait on MWW and communicate James' wish. He asks James not to delay his instructions to MWW. The mode James suggests of ordering the proceeds to be paid at once into the hands of Messrs Jones should secure him from any mischievous effect arising from the ill judged squabbling between Mr W and his partner. There is no question of the safety of the house. The only danger is the possible locking up of James' money should it remain in Mr W's hands after sale. The Public Funds were rather higher yesterday because a report of their forces being in possession of the Danish capital. As the report was not confirmed the funds are dropping again. The public prospect is gloomy. One searches in vain from what quarter light may break in on them. The most sanguine yet hope for a pacific overture from France, but what kind of terms could be hoped for? He and his sisters send respects to Mrs Longsdon. Addendum, 27 August Morewood has heard nothing of the Houses concerning which James enquires. Rumours abound, the most important being the surrender of Copenhagen after bombardment. The report is said to have been received at the Admiralty in the forenoon. It reached the City at close of `Change. Funds rallied a little. 3% consols finished at 62 3/8 and 62½. - 1807

50-1 - 20 January 1808 John Longsdon at Manchester to his dear Father, James Longsdon, senior, original and copy of a letter commiserating on business losses, and offering encouragement. Times are hard but his father can take comfort in a loving industrious family and should not worry about leaving them less than he hoped. He may rest assured that no exertions shall be wanting to retrieve what is gone and maintain the character of the British tradesman. - 1809

52 - 22 January 1808 James Longsdon at Longsdon [Longstone] to his son, John, [hand betraying emotion] thanking him for a comforting letter. John's sentiments are balm to his soul. Mr Finch [James Longsdon's manager in his cotton enterprise] now sees the error of his too great credulity. James only sent him to Liverpool to see for himself the situation of H and H. It is extraordinary that he did not make any enquiry when in the very place they resided. He knows Barnsley who was in partnership with Sam Hope, a near relative of Peter Hope. Times have greatly declined since some thought them at their worst. Mother and he are vexed that James junior did not take his great coat. Surely he can borrow one. In this bad weather they are anxious for John's brothers at Manchester. - 1808

53 - 26 February 1808 Ralph Finch at London to James Longsdon at Longsdon [Longstone], Bakewell, acknowledging letter of 20th of this month and hoping he is better. He has seen Mr Dyke the auctioneer who told him their House recently had 4000 acres belonging to Mrs Mary Burns to sell by auction, but no-one bid. As he could not trace Mary Burns, Finch wrote to Peter Hope who answers today that she is in Liverpool laid up with gout. He repeated the fresh proposals James acquainted him with. This leaves Finch confused. He does not know what to do. He has traced James Gayler but cannot get sight of him. Gayler has sent a man to say that if Finch would wait, he would pay. Finch did not agree so Gayler offered to get a substantial man to join him, in a note. Finch fears it will prove good for nothing. Metz the Jew cannot be found. Hargreaves and Goodwin are bankrupt. Finch hopes things are better in Manchester than expected. He has got rid of most of the old stock and part of the new. Longsdon may think it low sold but Finch thinks it well sold for the times. 2 packs of calicoes only came to hand yesterday. Account of what is sold, with the Fustians, is on the other side [circa £300 worth]. He hopes to be back in a day or two with a list of Firms and sales all reputed safe. - 1808

54 - 12 March 1808 R[alph] Finch to James Longsdon, Longsdon, [Longstone], Bakewell, as Longsdon's son, John wrote to him last Tuesday on the business of the day and the state of the market, it is not necessary to comment further. Finch arrived here [Liverpool] on Wednesday evening. He has persuaded P Hope to return the remainder of the goods bought from Longsdon's worth £71.19s, and forwarded them to their Manchester warehouse. He will tell Longsdon later whether he can get any solid security. He has spoken with Mr Paynter and Longsdon's friends who all advise the arrest of the parties. As this advice clashes with his own opinion he will desist for the present. P Hope has been arrested but friends immediately gave bail. Hope now says it will be several months before the wines arrive, but as soon as the bills of lading are to hand he will send them to Longsdon's. Things here are very dull. People are much disappointed at the non-arrival of a packet expected from America. War with them is not expected in which case a good Trade is expected immediately. Cottons here are something lower than in Manchester. Many dealers have been down from there this week and bought about 3000 bags. Addendum, Evening P Hope accompanied Finch to Mrs M Burns who offers as collateral security for Hope and Hepple 500 acres of land in North America. Finch says they cannot get more, so he is inclined to accept it. He has employed Mr Orred, an attorney of respectable character, to draw up the deed, which cannot be finished before Monday. So Finch cannot be at Manchester as soon as expected. God willing he will arrive on Monday evening. He is writing to Longsdon's son tonight to make arrangements preparatory to taking stock. - 1808

55 - John Longsdon at Manchester to his father, James Longsdon, senior - 24 Jan 1809

56 - John Longsdon at Manchester to his mother, Elizabeth Longsdon, hoping that she is better than when William left her. He is not pleased by his father's message that he will not write since he would be compelled to write in a very disagreeable manner. This arises from James' intimation that the warehouse is neglected and that John never entered it on Tuesday afternoon. If his conduct must be scrutinised by every idle spectator and answered from unconsidered reports of those unable to judge, and his judgement must be set at nought by a lot of ignorant servants, John will no longer be subject to the one or the other. With limited capital John is expected to return considerable profit, but this is not at his disposal. He is directed to hire and discharge set numbers of weavers as the market may determine, without system. Even the purchase of materials is not in his choice. Now John has neither manufacturing or other employ here [Manchester], and hopes to make a successful voyage to the estate held by his father and Co in Prince Edward Island. He thinks it would be much benefit to his health. He does not know how William should be employed but thinks it unwise to place him at Longsdon before very material changes take place in the mode and extent of business done there. Spain seems lost. Mama is much better, and Bessy much improved since her last visit to Manchester. - 25 Jan 1809

57 - 28 January 1809 John Longsdon at Manchester to his mother, Elizabeth Longsdon, on a series of minor matters including a statement that Maria has had a relapse. Bessy has mother's knife. He will write to James when he knows something further about his dog. He asks his mother to send Miss Needham's drawing. - 1809

58 - 31 January 1809 John Longsdon at Manchester to his father, James Longsdon, senior, saying that markets are still unchanged which is why he would sell their goods as he thinks they may get a supply of cotton before prices are much advanced. Cottons are dull, and not fetching quite such good prices, particularly fine cottons which are down 1d to 2d. Twist is as usual. John has received a letter from William saying that Mr Brideoake is going to London on Saturday. John mentioned to Mr Brideoake that his father wanted to settle last year's account but he did not mention any sum. John has paid on account various other sums. John has been thinking of his father's intention of taking Cressbrook Mill. He does not expect the price to drop lower and advises his father to take it as soon as possible. If the embargo comes off now it is almost universally expected that cottons would be available but at a much higher price than before the embargo. The mill must improve in value when materials to work it are easily to be met with. John has consulted Uncle Peter about Prince Edward Island. He thinks an establishment there could be valuable. - 1809

59 - John Longsdon at Manchester to his mother, Elizabeth Longsdon, saying that he has returned from Liverpool where he has been with his father. He expects to sail early next month. Father is well and in good spirits. John will come home for a few days. He hopes the voyage will improve his health which gradually gets worse in Manchester. His cold is getting better. - 12 Feb 1809

60 - 18 February 1809 John Longsdon at Manchester to his father, James Longsdon, senior, saying that he hopes to sail in March, that he is gathering goods, and holding conversations with Matthew and Peter. Halifax is not a market for high profit, but always gives a fair profit. It is quite safe, and insurance is not high. He is anxious to have Morewood's opinion. - 1809

61 - 7 March 1809 John Longsdon at Manchester to his father, James Longsdon, senior, reporting that he has returned to Manchester from Liverpool. Cottons are no lower. Everything is stationary, which is extraordinary when speculation is at such a pitch. He gives details of bills and goods, and proposes balancing accounts next week. - 1809

62 - 11 March 1809 John Longsdon at Manchester to his brother, James Longsdon, junior, asking him to buy 4 yards of great coat cloth at Chapman's in Bakewell and send it to him. John is depressed by the prospect of the trip, and will never again urge his father to risk capital, as his fear of losing it is much greater than his satisfaction in getting it. - 1809

63 - 15 March 1809 John Longsdon at Manchester to his father, James Longsdon, senior, suggesting that William should carry on in Manchester weaving goods which cannot be made in Longstone. He does not recommend William manufacturing goods in Yorkshire as he himself has done as the expenses are too heavy for the profits, especially the expense of giving an agent, John Haigh, commission for doing business their own man should do. There is no difficulty in getting a set of good weavers. If the weft is spun in Monsaldale the carriage to Manchester is trifling. A Yorkshire carrier from Manchester will deliver goods to Rippendon, 3 miles below J Haigh. - 1809

64 - 21 March 1809 John Longsdon at Manchester to his father, James Longsdon, senior, thanking him warmly for his letter. The goods are almost ready, and he is going to Liverpool on Thursday. He will not engage a passage unless he has satisfactory reasons to think he has a good opportunity. As to letters of credit, Mr Barker of this Court wrote a few days ago to friends in London who have connexions there and promised John letters which would give him pleasure. Anthony Lo... is only acquainted with one house but will give a letter to them. John will see Mr Brideoake about William who should now be in a situation where at least his maintenance should accounted inferior to his labour, otherwise he ought to gain valuable experience. John expects a dull market today because of the drop in cotton. There is no regular price, old ones sold at 21d, new at 23d and 2s. Should there be a continued embargo and a Non-Intercourse Bill with it, Cottons will advance rapidly again. - 1809

65 - 23 March 1809 John Longsdon at Manchester to his father, James Longsdon, senior, saying that he is busy stocktaking, but delayed by Mr Brideoakes' small accounts. Mr Brideoake is willing to release William to replace John in his absence, because he intends doing less by commission and for sale during the high price of cotton. So the disposal of William is up to his father. John advises careful consideration of the present main channel of trade and the great influx of contenders many very able and monied. William should hold a situation most likely to qualify him to act with confidence on principles which the leading houses have adopted. John does not see that if a man starts as a manufacturer, he must never change. He still thinks William should not be placed at Longsdon [Longstone]. - 1809

66 - John Longsdon at Liverpool to his father, James Longsdon, senior, saying that there are not so many vessels for Halifax as he expected. His choice is the Ellen, 182 tons, nearly new, and the master above the common class of captains. The price for the trip is 25 guineas and find one's own beverage. Cottons are getting up a little today. 100 bags sold as 1 lot at 2s 0½d. Many Manchester houses are here but seem much afraid of buying. Liverpool merchants think the price will go up. Produce of all kinds is in a falling state, Sugar and Coffee lowering. John will come to Longsdon [Longstone] in a day or two. Ellen is to sail at the end of next week. - 24 Mar 1809

67 - 31 March 1809 John Longsdon at Liverpool to his father, James Longsdon, senior, saying that he sails tomorrow. Mr Morewood's letters came today. Anything of moment is adjusted. In looking over John's stock account, his father will find that John has made him a considerable debtor but John is sure the day will come when he will be able to make some satisfactory return, even if only an ideal one. There are very varied opinions on Britain's political affairs both in America and Europe, with the result [of the trip] not so promising as it was, but John is convinced that Trade is not worn out. They only have to exert themselves in the proper channel, but the channel has yet to be determined. Addendum. Saturday morning. William has gone to provide John with some paper. John has left nothing undone. - 1809

68 - Sunday 2 April 1809 John Longsdon on the Hellen off Liverpool to his father, James Longsdon, senior, saying that they are off and the pilot is returning. Miss Calvert the female companion seems pleasant and has been at Halifax before. - 1809

69 - 29 April 1809 Messrs Thomas and George Gardom at Bubnell, near Bakewell, to Mr John Longsdon [their nephew] at Messrs Forsyth, Smith and Co, Halifax, Nova Scotia, by packet from London inclosing an invoice of 19 April 1809 of 100 dozen of cotton hosiery at £192.10s which they hope are going to a favourable market. John can either take these goods on his own account at the amount of the invoice, cash in 9 months, or sell them on Gardom's accounts, in which case they doubt not that he will part with them only to safe and good hands, but also advance the price as much as the market will allow. The Gardoms have also sent John an invoice by The Felicity, Captain Thompson, bound for Halifax by which vessel the goods were also shipped. They have paid freight and insurance at Liverpool. The present cost of manufacture would be much higher. They send their best wishes for good success and safe return. Subscribed "We are, Dear Sir, Yours sincerely and affectionately". Postcript asking for the earliest information about Commerce. - 1809

70 - James Longsdon, junior, at Buxton to his father, James Longsdon, senior - 15 May 1809

71 - John Longsdon at Halifax, Nova Scotia, to his father, James Longsdon, senior, saying that despite contrary winds and heavy gales they reached Newfoundland in 5 weeks. The coast was covered with ice and snow. Fog set in which never left them for many days until they made the north side of Cape Breton. They beat down Nova Scotia to this harbour which they made on 4 June. John has been busy gaining information on markets and enquiring after a vessel to Boston. He is thinking with Mr McIntosh who is in the same situation of chartering a sloop or schooner to Boston [United States of America] which will be cheaper than taking goods directly from Liverpool. John dined with Mr Black on 7th with Sir George Prevot, the Governor, and various officers and merchants. Business here is a secondary pursuit. Each merchant imports his own supplies through agents. They have almost a regular profit and retail their goods, and being very well supplied just now they will make no purchases in Longsdon's way. Salt is selling at an advance of cent per cent as it comes in, but there is nothing here to send to England. The vessels all go off in ballast to load mostly with lumber, and unless wood sells very high in England, great losses will be sustained by the speculators. He will learn more of the markets in Boston [United States of America]. John asks how is manufacturing. He hopes William supports fine velvets. They cannot be made too good for this market, that is the States. Shirtings a yard wide are preferred here, average 7/8 and low velverette a little in demand. If William manufactures in Yorkshire, John hopes that he does not employ any agent there such as J Haigh, for it will have a bad effect. - 16 Jun 1809

72 - John Longsdon at Halifax to his brother, James Longsdon, junior, commenting that permanent duty at Buxton must be very different from anything undergone at Chesterfield. he talks of the difficulties of his voyage, shortage of provisions, fog, ice, wind, etc. He describes Halifax commenting that it is an excellent harbour strongly fortified and tells of the King's Birthday Parade review of troops just returned from the D--sition of Martinique. The inhabitants are very attached to pomp and great etiquette. There is wine in profusion, but he has not seen anyone intoxicated. Letters for him should be addressed to Messrs Forsyth, Smith and Co, Halifax. - 16 Jun 1809

73 - John Longsdon at Halifax to his mother, Elizabeth Longsdon, hoping that she will not suffer from the general household upheaval at harvest. There is little agriculture here, and woods everwhere. He is going in two days to Prince Edward Island. He may return in October but he will not undertake the voyage late in the year unless something unexpectedly urgent falls out. John does not care for Halifax and the ridiculous ostentation of military character. He called on George Barker on the Swiftsure, Admiral Sir John Warren's ship. Barker was very pleased to see a Derbyshire man. He is in a fair way for immediate promotion. John spent a pleasant evening abroad and has as much admiration for the Naval as aversion for the Military Officer. - 26 Jun 1809

74-9 - Correspondence between John Longsdon, the Honourable Colonel Robert Gray of Charlotte Town, Prince Edward Island and John Plane, Assistant Surveyor General of Charlotte Town, on the difficulty of taking seisin of a block of 500 acres in Prince Edward Island, assigned to James Longsdon, senior, as collateral security for a debt incurred by Mr Hope [of Liverpool], being part of a block of 1000 acres allocated by Mrs Burns to her daughter in consideration of natural love and affection but not formally conveyed, ending with the formal empowerment on 30 August 1814 by James Longsdon, senior, of Longstone, of Mr John Harrison of Leech and Harrison of Liverpool to dispose of the land on any tolerable terms, promising deeds and discussing steps taken by John in Prince Edward Island to regularise the title. - 1809-1814

80 - John Longsdon at Halifax to his brother James Longsdon, junior, saying that he has had no post from him and imagines the Local Militia have taken all his time except that spent in buying cattle. John left Halifax on Wednesday 28th of last month. and arrived at Puton 110 miles away on Saturday. He was delayed one day by rain. The roads are very bad. he stayed in Puton with James Milnes from Ashbourne. He sailed in a small boat for the Island [Prince Edward Island] about 28 leagues, was becalmed, then in a storm. He walked 2 hours before breakfast, then a further 10 miles then rested because it was 90 in the shade, lying on the floor, all beds being occupied. He reached Charlotte-town next evening. Vessel only arrived 2 days later. He spent 12 days there very unpleasantly, getting business done as best he could. He returned to Halifax arriving on Wednesday 19th. He goes to Boston [United States of America] tomorrow and expects to arrive in 8 days time. If he returns in October he may visit New York. Prince Edward Island is wooded but the wood is of no value. The settlers clear and burn. He gives an account of meals of which the best is breakfast. There is great plenty of fish which is the principal dish. He hears James' Colonels' brother is here and one of the younger Gells but he has not met them. He has just had news from New York by way of Halland of the defeat of the French, in confirmation of accounts brought by the packets. [22 July 1808] - 1809

81 - Elizabeth Longsdon at Scarborough to her husband, Mr Longsdon, Longsdon, near Bakewell, Derbyshire, posted Middleton via Sheffield, addressing him as "My dear Sir". She has read his few lines in Mrs Cresswell's letter to Miss Needham. She sent a letter last Wednesday to Elizabeth with a few lines to him acknowledging his letter and bill. Katharine and she each had a very pleasant dip in the sea this morning and she regrets there will only be another dip or two. Mrs Morewood feels no better, neither from the air or sea bathing. She wants to leave and does not expect to stay beyond Monday week 14th at most. Mrs Wright will not be here until Monday or Tuesday and they want a few days with her. If alone Mrs Longsdon would have felt it her duty to their dear girl to stay a full two months because she is now fast gaining strength. Addendum, Sunday. She has received Elizabeth's letter and is sorry the Hay was not finished. She fears Elizabeth's health will suffer from confinement to the house and urges her husband to take her out all he can and keep Miss Walker with them. Addendum, Monday. She is delighted with his letter prolonging their stay a short while. Mrs Morewood has had a letter from Mrs Rawson pressing her to visit Halifax [West Yorkshire] on her way back. She wishes she could consult him but begs his pardon if she does wrong in accompanying her friends for two days stay to Mrs Rawson's. She must go or else travel home alone with Kate, which he would not wish. They leave on Friday morning. She asks him to try to meet them at Mrs Rawsons. - 5 Aug 1809

82 - John Longsdon at Boston [United States of America] to his mother Elizabeth Longsdon saying that he has no very good news - 14 Aug 1809

83 - 22 August 1809 John Longsdon at Boston [United States of America] to his brother James Longsdon, junior, saying that Boston is much what he expected, large, increasing, and quite in the English manner. He recounts his travels and says that America is no use in the Longsdons' present concerns. There is no point in going round the Cape when crossing the Atlantic is thought a risk from the old beaten track from Manchester to Longsdon and Shaw Chapel. He hopes William remains in Manchester and is actively employed. He discusses the shooting near Boston. - 1809

84 - John Longsdon at Boston [United States of America] to his brother, James Longsdon junior - 16 Oct 1809

85 - 18 October 1809 John Longsdon at Boston [United States of America] to his father, James Longsdon senior, saying that he has had no letters. He had a meeting with his father's friend, Mr Edmund Morewood. John's summary accounts with his father show a loss which would be difficult to avoid. The price of produce has not fallen so low as expected in consequence of the Non-Intercourse Act. New Orleans Cotton is 16 cents. Naval stores could be well bought now, but the difficulty of getting them home prevents him buying. - 1809

86 - 20 October 1809 Statement of account, between John Longsdon and Samuel Mackintosh, part trade, part personal living. - 1809

87 - 30 November 1809 S Mackintosh at Boston [United States of America] to John Longsdon [care of Edward Morehead, Esq, New York, United States of America], addressed to Dear Longsdon, acknowledging letters of 11 and 22 of this month. He has heard nothing from Hills of Halifax since Longsdon left, but he will immediately arrange with Mr Morewood for any sum passed to his credit belonging to Longsdon. He thanks Longsdon for his offer to take charge of any shipments he makes, and will be glad to avail himself of the offer provided Mr Morewood would allow him shiproom in the vessel he proposes to charter. As an inducement he would confide to Mr Morewood the purchase and shipping of what he [Mackintosh] is disposed to invest. Mackintosh asks Longsdon's opinion of the articles most likely to suit their markets. He favours naval stores, notwithstanding reported arrivals from the Baltic, and would like to ship 1000 barrels. Can Mr Morewood spare the room? He expects Liverpool to be the ultimate destruction and prefers Fayal [?Azores] as part of transit. Whitcomb charges Longsdon 19 dollars 85 cents for use of chaise, and still holds Mackintosh responsible for the harness. Is there any opportunity to forward letters to England now, or likely to be? - 1809

88 - Ralph Finch at Manchester to James Longsdon, senior, at Longsdon [Longstone] near Bakewell - 27 Dec 1809

89 - 28 December 1809 S Mackintosh at Boston [United States of America] to Mr John Longsdon care of Edward Morehead, Esq, New York [United States of America]. He has received letters of 14th and 19th, and thanks him for forwarding letter to England by the Magnet. Mackintosh is much indebted to Mr Morehead for his very friendly determination to act for Mackintosh as he would for himself in the purchase commissioned by Mackintosh, the peculiarly harassing circumstances of American trade, having to steer between a resurrection of the Embargo and a total abolition of all commercial restriction. The operation of either measure would be equally fatal to any speculation (on foreign demand) entered into now. It is fair to presume that the agitation in Congress of the last question will, so soon as it is known in England, tend to depress those markets for all American products, whilst the attention that Macon's bill has already received in Congress leaves Mackintosh in little doubt of its ultimate adoption. He is, therefore, writing to Mr Morehead to withdraw his order for 1000 barrels of naval stores until he hears from him on the subject. He hopes Longstone is unencumbered by any purchase, although if Macon's Bill passes into law Cottons may experience a temporary advance on this side, notwithstanding their certain depression on the other side of the Atlantic. Mackintosh agrees that things look blue in England, damned blue, and not much better in this country [United States of America]. He has no idea what will happen, but if nothing happens soon, he will leave, having no inclination to waste time waiting for what might not happen for the next 6 years. The repeal of the Non-Intercourse Act without the substitution of the first and third clauses of Macon's bill will leave external relations with England and France as before and be a confession that Mackintosh does not think this government will feel itself inclined to make, whilst the admission of these clauses which would operate almost exclusively against England will expose them to an alternative that with all their vapouring he believes they have no desire to risk. "We shall soon learn how John Bull has relished the unceremonious treatment of his representative". His friends wish Mackintosh to return to Halifax [Nova Scotia]. So he is realising as fast as he can. He expects to leave for Halifax in the spring, and stay there. Sales are dull enough so in a few days he will put the remainder of his stock up for auction. He has heard nothing from Halifax since Longsdon was in Boston. - 1809

90 - Mackintosh in Boston [United States of America] to John Longsdon, Esq, care of Edward Morehead, Esq, New York [United States of America] - 2 Jan 1810

91 - 4 February [1810] W Longsdon at Manchester to his father, James Longsdon, senior replying to a letter brought by his brother, James Longsdon, junior. His father's observations on the sale of 10 pieces to M Longsdon are very just if he considers them as the same bought by Gregory that week, but William thought Mr Finch knew that they had others in hand. He does not wish to insinuate that he was not blamable in not giving his father a more particular account of the sale. If all the pieces had been perfect and the quality of cloth equal to what the weight of stuff consumed ought to have made, they would have fetched 4 to 5% more money. Shirtings have not sold much lower than previously. William has kept what came on Thursday until Mr Finch comes on Monday. It appears to cost rather more than usual and William sincerely wishes he may be able to obtain a better price. He offered them to Potter at a very small advance on the last but he refused them. There is no new market intelligence. Cotton is steady at 18 or 18½ for the best. ?Boards? - not likely to be much lower than at present. William has already written to his father per Gregory of the changes in wages up and down the country. William advises thinks it well to keep them moderate in Derbyshire but here there is so much opposition that it will eventually be very detrimental to the trade. Mr Longsdon called this morning wanting velveteens. William sold him 14 pieces, 13 of which came this week and 1 was in stock, at a profit of 2d a yard [particulars annexed]. Statement of account to Messrs Longsdon totalling £63. 3s. 2d. - 1810

92 - 8 February 1810 John Longsdon in London [England] to his mother, Elizabeth Longsdon, saying that he is glad to hear from his father that she is well. He reached London late on Tuesday evening and today begins to feel recovered from the shaking of the coach, which was 10 times more dreadful than the roughest part of his passage. He saw Mr Gardom for a few minutes last night, and today will wait upon Mr Whateley and dine with Mr G Morewood. He hopes to see them in a few days. He is as well and thin as when he left England. He refers to his sisters hoping that Kate is quite recovered and asking if she is at Miss Bradley's and if he should call there if he passes through Chesterfield. He has not seen Miss Morewood yet. He sends messages to friends and asks his brother James, to write. - 1810

93 - 8 February 1810 John Longsdon at London to his father, James Longsdon, senior, commenting the demand for goods in the Longsdon's market does not extend to these in any proportion. Shirting calicoes are wanted and he thinks he can find a channel to pay better than 12d [? per yard]. Mr Bickers will give a statement of prices he could obtain, and John will get one from his father's late agents. Heavy fustians are as always a heavy article. Mr Ward well situated in Aldermansbury. He will if possible clear Longsdon's account while John is in London. Messrs J and G Morewood have accepted a bill drawn in John's favour by Mr Edmund Morewood value £400 out of which he must remit to Messrs Thomas and George Gardom the amount of their consignment which is diminished. The bill comes due on 10 April. He will see them tomorrow with a statement of account. John has waited on Mr W Whately. He is taking a bed at Mr Ward's, and living on his friends. He had a letter from William yesterday showing much stronger marks of a man of business. He will send a clear account of stock remaining in Mr Ward's hands, and push off the remainder if possible, but such sales always entail losses. - 1810

94 - 11 Feburary 1810 Eliz Longsdon at Longsdon to her son, John, with news of family and giving him a list of people to call on. He is to ask Miss Morewood to accompany him to choose a visiting gown for her [his mother] plain sarcenet silk or handsome printed muslin or even cotton. - 1810

95 - 3 March 1810 William Longsdon at Manchester to Mr John Longsdon, junior, Longsdon [Longstone], Bakewell, saying that his apprehension last week of a fall in prices was fully confirmed today with very little business done in the grey line. Few Velveteens sold at a drop of at least 2d a yard. He expects further depression on Tuesday. P Longsdon is not buying. Buyers in general waiting for a more moderate price. Some houses have not thought it prudent to execute orders and have actually refused them. William is almost certain that wages must fall soon because it is the exorbitant price for weaving that has principally enhanced the value of goods. A rumour that manufacturers were giving 3s 6d per 1 lb for weaving first alarmed purchasers, went through town like an electric shock with all purchasers frightened at once. At Longsdon if possible Velveteen weaves must be either lowered in wages or changed to something else, as they cannot expect to get former prices for goods. John said when in Manchester that he had never yet seen a good market. Cotton dropped today ½ per 1d. Twist continues in high demand. He sends particulars of shirtings sold to Jn Ditchfield and Son: 88 pieces of 7/8 shirtings, 2569 yards at 11 2/4d, £125. 15s 5d. - 1810

96 - 13 March 1810 Eliz Longsdon to her son John Longsdon at Manchester sending a portmanteau with clothes and piece of fine Irish cloth to be made into shirts for him. She is sending muslin for neckbands in his sister's trunk, and his sister will make them to his order. With enclosure: Mr Barker has sent a fine hare for John's brother, James. She is putting it in the hamper with the birds but not paying carriage so that he may receive them safer. His father is glad of the improvement in trade. She sends news of friends and the comment of an officer at Parkgate [? parish of Baslow], who served in a brigade with the 28th regiment, that there never was a braver set of men then those who suffered in Spain. - 1810

97 - 25 April 1810 John Longsdon in London to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone. On Monday he started his new employ with Messrs J and G Morewood and expects to be abundantly satisfied. He has moved into his new residence at Astey's Buildings, Islington [Middlesex] recommended by G Morewood, paying £1.1.0. a week for 6 months, to drop to £1 a week if he stays for 12 months. Ward and he went to Alfreton, and then to Nottingham on Monday morning, joined the Leeds Mail at 9 o'clock and arrived in London at 5.30 Tuesday morning. The coach broke down in Finsbury Square. There is no demand here for Manchester goods except what little is doing for country trade. Roberts say the utmost price for shirtings 13½ to 14d. John asked them to send his father the account for the sales of 3 Velveteens which Mr Finch was wanting. He has sent a small order to his brother in Manchester from John Bickers and Co for shirtings. They may take a considerable quantity off Longsdon's hands by purchase. John sends messages from Mr William and John Whateley and Mr G Morewood and friends. There is no political news of consequence. He has scarcely heard Sir Francis Burdett's name mentioned. - 1810

98 - James Longsdon, junior, at Buxton, to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone - 5 May 1810

99 - 10 May 1810 John Longsdon at London to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone, describing his work. He first read the late correspondence to get an insight, then acted as supernumary, and is now beginning to attend Lloyds' where it is intended his principal duty will be. The prospect of trade with the Continental powers is more lowering than he ever knew it. The shirtings for Bickers are to hand. William tells him that their father and Mr Finch did not think the price sufficient. So John informs his father that there is no prospect of them doing anything in this market. - 1810

100 - Bill from Samuel Mitchell to John Longsdon for new clothes, set off in part against old clothes. - 1810

101 - 15 May 1810 William Longsdon at Manchester to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone, apologising for letting John know the price of the shirtings sent to Jno. Bickers. His father is doubtful if an order from Bickers for shirtings at 13d is any use. If he will consult Finch he would be convinced that it is a better price than any we can obtain here. There is general expectation of dull trade approaching. - 1810

102 - 17 May 1810 John Longsdon at London to his mother Elizabeth Longsdon at Longstone, giving an account of his daily routine including rising, meals, exercise and quiet life on Sunday. Her cousin W Whately sends thanks for the ham received from her. He is pleased with the shirts from Miss W and wants others made in the same manner. - 1810

103 - 3 June 1810 Eliz Longsdon at Longstone to her son, John Longsdon, at London about his routine, clothes etc. His brother James went to Buxton on duty on 26 April and was away 3 weeks. She is busy with Whiteners, painters, etc to make the house a little more comfortable. She and her daughter Elizabeth have been away. Other family news and news of friends. - 1810

104 - 3 June 1810 E Longsdon at Longstone to her brother John Longsdon in London retailing minor family news. - 1810

105 - Elizabeth Longsdon at Longstone to her son John Longsdon at London saying that the business between his father and Colonel Wright was settled on a recent two night visit by Colonel Wright, and that she hopes to see John's father less hurried. The visit interrupted a family fishing party comprising Mr George Morewood whose father married her father's sister [Gardom], and the Whateleys. - 25 Jun 1810

106 - 27 June 1810 John Longsdon at London to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone stating amongst chit-chat that he will reply to matters concerning Prince Edward Island in his next letter. - 1810

108 - 10 July 1810 John Longsdon at London to Messrs James Longsdon & Co, Manchester, acknowledging advice that 1 pack of 50 pieces 7/8 white shirting had been sent by Pickford's Boat to Messrs Jno Bickers and Co, Buctonbury [? London] at 13d per yard, and forwarding an order for 50 more pieces on same terms. - 1810

109 - John Longsdon at London to his father James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone - 12 July 1810

110 - 14 July 1810 S Mackintosh at Halifax [Nova Scotia] to John Longsdon care of Messrs J and G Morewood, London, via New Brunswick[e] saying that he has received first John's letter of 2 May, then that of 11 February forwarded from Boston [United States of America]. He deferred replying until he was settled. He left Boston in April and arrived in Halifax a month ago, and is busy liquidating his concern there. There are £500,000 worth of British goods in hand there. Autumn orders have been countermanded. Mackintosh is turning to the timber business and will go to Miramache for the summer. 150 square rigged ships load there annually as well as navigation employed in its extensive salmon fishery. His uncle has appointed him Collector of Customs at a salary of £300 - £400 yearly. The post only needs his presence for four months in summer. It lies about 80 miles beyond Pictou [Nova Scotia]. His name cannot appear with propriety in any commercial transaction so a connection with someone would be indispensable. He means to establish a well stocked store for supply of those employed in cutting timber. The trade is mainly barter and highly advantageous to the merchant because of the immense advance he lays upon his own commodities and reduces the price of timber to a trifle. There is opportunity of trade with the States and the West Indies by means of the fishery. Does John want to join in ? He need not go there. The conduct of the store could be committed to a confidential clerk particularly as it would be partly under Mackintosh's eye. A relation at Liverpool [Nova Scotia] of considerable property extensively engaged in cod and mackerel fishing has offered to secure to Mackintosh the preference of all merchants and dealers in his neighbourhood in their purchase of British goods if he would serve them on the same terms as other people. There is not an importer amongst them, `an encouragement to one of us to remain here'. In all these concerns he would propose an equality of interest with John. Mackintosh has not yet broached the subject to his friends in England because he first wants to form a permanent connection. If John is interested he should waste no time. There is a small sum coming to him from Hills and a trifling balance is due to him from Mackintosh. Mackintosh gives news of Boston friends and of the uproar in the States following the confiscation and sale of American property in France. There is talk of another embargo. - 1810

111 - 21 July 1810 John Longsdon at London to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone, thanking his father for the liberal manner in which he pays John's account with Mr Morewood. In business things are desperate. The whole order and system so far as relates to Manchester and some other branches are deranged. Credit and confidence seem suspended. William says they were sufferers from Wild, Dalton and Co. Their loss will be comparatively small if this is the only bad debt they have. John fears some of their Manchester friends will suffer severely. It originated with the failure of some large houses in the City. The alarm led to a run on the Bankers. Several stopped payment and more are expected to do so. Bickers gives a new order for 50 pieces weekly for 4 weeks on the usual terms. If John can increase the order he will give warning. Bickers' is not a large house but steady, and intends to confine sales to retail dealers, not daring to trust large houses in this crisis. John hopes the heavy rains have revived his father's failing vegetation and crops. He gives news of family and friends. - 1810

112 - 26 July 1810 John Longsdon in London to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone. He has unsuccessfully tried Wild and Dalton's agent with this dishonoured bill for £61-10s. The half promise to pay in five days was made in error in the absence of the agent who has heard nothing from his employers. James will get the best information in Manchester. John wishes that the report to William of a prospect of eventual payment were true. The worst settlement expected is 1s in the pound. The state of the City is a little better but much derangement still felt. Markets in Liverpool and Manchester both suffer. - 1810

113 - 29 July 1810 E Longsdon at Longstone to her son, John Longsdon at London. His letter arrived just after the George Morewoods left to return to Thornbridge [parish of Ashford in the Water, Derbys]. She has difficulty in advising John on a suitable present for a lady. If he gives wearing apparel it must be something manufactured in England of the best and more elegant quality. If she had known earlier possibly something in the ornamental way of the Derbyshire sort and manufactory could have been sent. Their father is pleased with William who improves. Mr Morewood's conversations with their father have been helpful. She worries over the dissatisfaction between John's father and brother. It wears away her health and makes her seek retirement and quiet at her native place [Bubnell, parish of Baslow, Derbyshire] to recuperate. She adds news of family visits. - 1810

114 - William Longsdon at Manchester to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone, thanking his father for his letter and stating his willingness to comply. Manchester has been in great agitation from 11 o'clock yesterday after the arrival of 2 expresses from London. Two houses are expected to stop, of more consequence to this town than anything so far. There has been no confirmation today. The stoppage of Devayne's House does not affect Longsdons much. Warrington Bank which drew on them had been aware of their misfortune and provided for it. 2 August 1810 - 1810

115 - 7 August 1810 William Longsdon at Manchester to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone. He has received his father's letter and one from J Harrison saying that all preparations have been made to receive him in Liverpool as soon as he can leave Manchester. He can have temporary lodgings in a private house while he looks round but he may stay there because he does not like living solo. He is acquainted with one or two respectable young people living in Liverpool. He leaves next Friday by coach. As the Twelfth approaches his father will have the prospect of a little sport on the moors. William does not know whether their friends will be able to join his father because business imperiously demands their attention, but he supposes their dogs etc will remain at Longsdon [Longstone]. Bluff will be sent by Gregory on Thursday and William hopes he will answer his father's purpose. Mr Addison hopes for a day's sport in the season. Killing the pheasant last year raised his spirits for the diversion. - 1810

116 - John Longsdon at London to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone saying that the storm so long gathering has burst and they must consider how best to bear an evil they cannot avert. Finch was at Manchester on Monday [13 August] in consequence of John's letter of 11 August. Several principal creditors of ML and Co [Mathew Longsdon & Co] present agreed to allow time for them to make good their payments without the Bills being renewed immediately. He thinks they will receive their claims with interest without waiting any long time, in which case the credit of the House will stand as high as ever. He fears this unlooked for mishap will cause his father much anxiety but expects prospects soon to be as bright as ever. Mr Finch can give more details. John will confine himself to details not available in Manchester. Mr Willson is not going down [to Manchester] quite so soon as expected because much satisfied with information received this morning from ML. By tomorrow's mail he will know the sentiments of their creditors. If all are as favourably disposed as those who give time things will soon work smoothly again. John has hardly had time to think of other affairs. Brokers' shirtings are safely to hand including the first part of the order for 200. Brokers like everyone else complain that sales are heavy [? slow]. Thomas Ward returned from Manchester and Macclesfield some days ago in good spirits. W Whateley in low spirits in anticipation of heavy losses from the failure of some person with whom he speculated according to his brother John, but it should not bring him into difficulties. John has not heard from William who should be in Liverpool. 15 August 1810 - 1810

117 - 19 August 1810 J Peake at Manchester to John Longsdon at London replying to a letter, and commenting that John must be much better acquainted with the sad misfortune of his uncle [Mathew Longsdon]. He expresses concern, refers to John's cousin, Marcia [Mathew's daughter], and gives news of Longsdons and other friends. - 1810

118 - 20 August 1810 John Longsdon at London to his mother, Elizabeth Longsdon, at Longstone, regretting that she should have to bear patiently suffering which should be unknown to her. His father seems much agitated. Some of their friends are suffering badly from this pressure and claim their philanthropic regards. It is a salutary check on some. He is sorry that his mother and Kate have decided not to go sea-bathing and hopes they will visit him next spring. He is amused by the descriptions of GM's [George Morewood's] return from Derbyshire and William's expedition. 22 August. Addendum that he received a letter yesterday from William who seems satisfied. John is sorry that she is losing Mrs G Morewood as a neighbour, though she could not have seen them as often as she wished. John is sorry that the George Morewoods are leaving Islington for he will lose his only neighbour. - 1810

119 - 23 August 1810 Elizabeth Longsdon at Longstone to her son, John Longsdon, at London, saying that she had enjoyed a 5 day visit from Mr and Mrs Addison and little Ellen. She is sorry that John was travelling so near and could not visit home. William is sorry to have missed him at Manchester and Liverpool. His brother [James] and Mr Addison were killing birds for him and she hopes he got the small hamper last week. Other family news. - 1810

120 - 28 August 1810 Elizabeth Longsdon at Bubnell [parish of Baslow] to her son John Longsdon at London, saying that she came to Bubnell on Sunday evening because she had a bad cold. His uncle has gone to dine with Mr Longsdon of Eyam. All are truly hurt by the misfortunes of their Manchester friends. She has never seen his father so agitated and immediately gave up all thoughs of leaving him to go to the seaside. She could not have benefited from it when he so hurried. She hopes the delay will not hurt Kate. She hopes that John will be able to visit Longstone in winter and looks forward to spring. His father has not shot this season. J Barker and James [junior] has been shooting. She hopes to hear something of Mr W Whateley and family when next he writes, and gives local and family news. She encloses a pound note for muslin received by J Barker and asks him to send a couple of pairs of short kid gloves. She expects relatives to tea and hopes her husband will come in the evening. - 1810

121 - 29 August [?1810] E Longsdon at Longstone to her brother John Longsdon at London saying that their mother is not well but is going to Bubnell again for a little quiet. Other minor local news. - [?1810]

122 - 29 August 1810 - James Longsdon, senior, at Bubnell, to his son John Longsdon at London. - 29 Aug 1810

123 - 29 August 1810 Ralph Finch at Youlgreave to James Longsdon [senior] at Longsdon. He was busy all day yesterday. Mathew and Peter Longsdons' affairs are going on as well as could be expected. They have got about three quarters of the signatures to the deed and should soon have all. They are continuing to execute their orders and hope in a few weeks to be fully reinstated. Finch has sold 120 yards of 7/8 shirtings to Messrs Potters, 50 pieces of six shaft cords to J and B Marshall and 5 pieces of velveteens to T W Chesshyre. He has received cotton for the cords, price 15 3/4 d per 1b, and very good. He received £200 from Messrs T and B Potter which he paid to Messrs Gardom Pares and Co [Calver Mill]. Twist is much as usual. - 1810

124 - 1 September 1810 - James Longsdon, senior, at Longsdon [Longstone] to his son, John Longsdon, at London, acknowledging £50 bank note - 1 Sep 1810

125 - 3 September 1810 John Longsdon at London to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone saying that he can hear nothing from Willson about the progress of Mathew Longsdon & Co. If they can get all the creditors to sign the Commission they may do well. The £50 due on Saturday was paid today, and the other £50 is due today. John has been for it. The bill was found and taken up without expense. John saw W Whateley but heard nothing of his difficulties. He is in better spirits but thinks business at a standstill. John has told Bickers that the last pack is on the road. He cannot renew the order yet but he will as soon as he has sold what he now has. George Morewood is in Islington. John hopes the partridge shooting is good and advises his father not to reply on James [Longsdon, junior] and Barket but to shoot a little himself. Postscript: John has heard from George Morewood about Whateley's situation. He is a partner with one Graves or Greaves who has stopped payment, and he is trying now to meet his private debts knowing that if there is any surplus remaining it will be attached to Graves' estate, and if there is still a deficiency Mr Patton will be involved. When Patton and Whateley separated Whateley put £10,000 with Graves, and also took up a West India commission which Patton and Whateley wished to shake off. West India House has failed. Whateley is completely ruined and has to start again from scratch. - 1810

126 - 27 September 1810 John Longsdon at London to his mother, Elizabeth Longsdon at Longstone expressing his anger and sadness at the continued discord and misunderstandings between his father and his brother, James, who resemble each other too closely. James' heart is good and his father should make allowances. John's recent journey was too hurried for him to call at home. He does not like rushed calls and would want to stay at least a week. Mr Whateley is in better spirits and things look a little brighter. John gives family news: the Doctor [a relative of his mother's] looks forward to her visit in spring. The Morewoods are all well at Islington as yet. - 1810

127 - James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone to his son, John Longsdon, at London, acknowledging his letters of 3 and 4 [October]. 7 October 1810 - 1810

128 - 21 October 1810 Elizabeth Longsdon at Longstone to her son John Longsdon, in London saying that things are more tranquil. His letter to his father on this subject has been carefully kept from her sight, and his father had said only that John had been misinformed. She is glad to hear that the Doctor is so liberal to his brother [? Whateley]. The Morewoods must settle in their new situation. The Thornbridge Morewoods had a letter from Leech who is pleased with William [Longsdon] and sees no hurry in taking him from his present situation. Elizabeth is happy to hear this because she does not wish him to be again in the Manchester warehouse unless things there are different from what she suspects. She hopes to speak with John on this serious subject. She is hurt to see his father so hurried and distressed on busienss matters. In confidence she fears that Finch deceives him. Elizabeth cannot find a winter pellise locally so she asks John to choose one, colour of his choice, with the cloth of best quality, suitable for a lusty, tall person of 50, to wrap well over before so that is warm, with not too fine a trimming on it, and a bonnet to wear with it. It will be expensive but she must have something she can go to church and walk in this winter. - 1810

129 - 26 October 1810 William Longsdon at Liverpool to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone, acknowledging his letter of 24 of this month. He anticipated what his father had to say about Hope but did not think himself sufficiently authorised to call on him. William lost no time this morning in calling at Hope's office which was shut. He was told by the adjoining office that Hope had not been there for two months, but that he still lived at this old home at Everton. William went there and found the doors locked. After some time a woman said from an upstairs window that he was not at home, and that by calling at 7 o'clock William might see him or get an answer. He was avoiding bailiffs. William will call. Addendum. William has just returned from PH [Mr Hope] who behaved curtly and spoke freely about Prince Edward Island. Hope is doing a good deal on the land. He speaks favourably but William advises his father not to rely on what he says. He advises him to send Finch. Hope's debts do not exceed £1,200. He is determined to settle with his creditors soon but there is a commission out against him. He has a scheme for setting up a company in Prince Edward Island. - 1810

130 - 5 November 1810 James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone to his son, John Longsdon, at London, saying that he has two packs each of 50 pieces ready in the warehouse against Bickers' order. His capital is wrapped up and he needs sales. - 1810

131 - 10 November 1810 William Longsdon at Liverpool to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone. He thinks it nearly out of Hope's power to assist them in Prince Edward Island. William will discuss his stay in Liverpool when he meets his father. He has no ideas on which they can make a firm decision. He is surprised by his father's account of Matthew and Peter Longsdon's incapacity to prove on Barnsley's estate. They are getting on now as well as possible, and their conduct now is a credit to them. There have been no more failures of consequence since William's letter of 31st of last month. The price of cotton will rise in a month or two. Importers are bearing 25% or 30% loss on great part of stock. Price will rise as soon as there is the least relaxation of pecuniary distress. His father should buy now if he can. - 1810

132 - [10-13 November 1810] James Longsdon, senior, at Bubnell to his son, John Longsdon, at London, saying that he has accompanied John's brother to Bubnell, and while he runs to the Cliffe [parish of Stoney Middleton] James takes up their uncle's pen. William has brought him plans and letters from Prince Edward Island. James is pleased with it and with his attention. John must take the first good opportunity to answer it. "His little order for seed I would have well executed." If one had plenty of money to buy the adjacent plot at a low price might not be a bad speculation. James hopes John will have William safe in his protection by Monday night's post. - [1810]

133 - 13 November 1810 John Longsdon at London to James Longsdon & Co, acknowledging receipt of two packs to J Bickers not yet opened, and enquiring on what basis they do business with Potter. John hopes they have but the connection unless it has improved from when he was in Manchester in August when Potter merely bought their goods to raise credit in London and sold them again at a lower price than James Longsdon's charged their good customers. - 1810

134 - 13 November 1810 Elizabeth Longsdon at Longstone to her son John Longsdon at London, writing to tell him of his father's conversation with Mr Morewood since his return from Buxton. Morewood would be sorry to see William taken from his present situation without a better prospect for him, adding that he had not discussed the matter with Mr Leech lately. She asks John to send her pelisse back by Mr William Morewood if possible. - 1810

135 - 26 November 1810 William Longsdon at Liverpool to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone. Things are gradually recovering a little tranquility. He thinks they have seen the worst of commercial difficulty though failures are still to be expected. Buonaparte is issuing decrees with more violence, and more strictly enforcing earlier ones, expelling everything English from the continent. There is a point beyond which he cannot go, and then his efforts notwithstanding trade will revive. In the last few weeks there has been considerable business in cotton with about 6000 bags sold weekly, chiefly from 12½d to 14d, very little above 14½d. There has been brisk demand in the last week with people watching the Government anxiously for reaction to the Order in Council during the apparent suspension of French Decrees. If it is not removed, it is thought the Americans must notice the matter directly. William advises purchasing now or in the next few weeks. A Russian House has stopped payment, but that apart there have been no failures for more than two weeks. P Hope is in the list of bankrupts. There is a recent newspaper account of 500 settlers having left Scotland for Prince Edward Island under the partonage of Lord Selkirk. This is the second lot of emigrants there this autumn. This must increase considerably the value of that possession and the Longsdon's own part. He has had a letter from Mr Ormerod reporting that things remain very dull in Manchester. "We" are still selling shirtings freely, and have never had them on their hands for more than two weeks. Much now depends on the army in Portugal. If Wellington succeeds things will be much enlightened, if he fails the consequences will be dreadful. - 1810

136 - 27 November 1810 William Longsdon at Liverpool to his father, James Longsdon, at Longstone, saying that Mr Morewood is leaving after a brief visit, during which he had a talk with him. William reviews his own career in moral and philosophical terms but gives no facts. - 1810

137 - 2 December 1810 John Longsdon at Islington [Middlesex] to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone, commenting on the gloomy aspect for men extensively engaged. He is not worried about the family business because their affairs are not widely spread and as long as nothing is attempted but common manufactures and those confined to articles of general Home consumption they cannot sustain any material loss. If things do get worse John reckons on regular profit. He will be home this day fortnight. John is glad that W Whateley has better prospects than he had imagined. Whateley says he has got through all his difficulties expect with Greaves, which must be the main one. John comments on bills. He expects Wyld and Dalton to make a divident soon. He is much obliged for the hamper of game and will not forget oysters. William says that he is busy just now but expects to be able to leave conveniently about the 18th. John encloses Hapgood's account of sales and Thomas Ward's account. The news from Portugal is better than feared. - 1810

138 - 14 January 1811 John Longsdon at London to his father, James Longstone, senior, at Longstone. John had a good journey back. John Morewood seldom comes to town but is better. George Morewood is well and in better spirits. - 1811

139 - 15 January 1811 William Longsdon at Liverpool to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone reporting that Mr Leech had told him that morning that new Baweds were yesterday offered at 14d, good quality, termed prime in Manchester. James should buy if he can possibly afford it. Prices have not been so low since the removal of the American embargo. The depression may be the result of the absolute inability of great portion of trade to maintain itself. But there are many reasons for anticipating an advance especially the removal on Non-Intercourse with America. The last advices from there forbid all further shipments there, and express the opinion that Non-Intercourse will be rigorously enforced if our Order in Council is not removed. An improvement of 10% if not unlikely. The new crop of cotton coming in is reported good quality. 10% might be saved on buying 15 bags which should not exceed £230. Several of James' acquaintances are trying to pick up bargains, men who never decide on slight grounds. William has heard nothing from Longsdon [Longstone] or Manchester. He told Mr Finch of the need for the bill to give Mr Leech, but has had no answer. Has James been to Peak Forest and has anything further been done in that business? William went to P Hope's on 12th, but found no-one at or near the house. Does the security held by James prevent him from proving on the estate and taking a dividend like the rest? If not it should be attended to. William is expecting some considerable names in Liverpool to appear in the List of Bankrupts. - 1811

140 - 16 January 1811 John Longsdon at London to his father James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone, headed: Sales in January 1811 on account of James Longsdon & Co to Habgood Evans and Brown 100 7/8 shirtings 3157 at 13d £171, less 3½ commission 6 - £165 Cash 4 July. This what John calls a good sale which with expenses deducted betters Manchester prices by 12%, sufficient proof that James shall no sooner have entered on the system they have laid down than he shall benefit from it. John is strengthened in his opinion and looks for the steady determined execution of what James agreed without loss of time. All goods in Robert's hands will be included in this month's sales. He is giving up business. About shirtings, if James has stopped his fustians etc as agreed he had better send all to the bleaching as they come in. The price is only ½[d] per yard allowing for length and they are worth much more in the white, and this market will take off all he can make. Habgood and Co are anxious to have a few of the finer sort, so include some in the next lot which should leave Manchester about 20-25 Of this month to come in February sales. If James has not written to Mr Leech about William, John asks him to lose no time. It may be of consequence to him. - 1811

141 - 20 January 1811 John Longsdon at Islington to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone, saying that he has been busy in the counting house where things are better than when he left London. On thinking over family affairs he finds that they have suffered so much from the revolutions of commerce that too much must depend on the future to regain the advantages they held some years ago, but their internal resources were greater than the common casualties of things would allow them to reckon on. The continuation of the returns business has been making for some years would in two years sink the whole. They are facing their last struggle to do better or decline while they can do it with credit. He is grieved that the burthen is falling on his father when a few years ago he [John] was hoping to have removed it. John tells his father that now that he [James] is forced to act on and enforce his own judgement he must know the principal cause of decline, apart from the unfavourable times, since he sees clearly the effects of giving way to another who is more willing and less able to decide. When William and John were children, James turned his attention to making them men of business with sound constitutions, willingness and a fondness of commercial life. Now they are gaining good information and forming valuable connections. John believes James will soon see his sons carrying on the business he has established. Their shirtings command a price which leave enough profit to do all John wishes to redeem James' capital. This should remove any remaining doubt of Mr Finch's of the propriety of attending to their manufacture in preference to all other goods. John hoped that Mr Finch will not think of buying or bartering for another source of cotton or yarn to make any goods which have already cost them so dear, and nearly brought about Finch's own ruin. W W[hateley] is well. He could not just then refer to the amount of exoneration of James' Land Tax but would search into it. WW wishes Mrs Shaw to draw as usual at one month for her money, and, if James will make the draft payable to John, at its maturity John will pay WW for the newspapers. John needs money for last years' bills to tailors etc, about £35. He declined taking it from Mr Morewood without James' permission. He prefers to take it from Mr Ward as about this sum is due on account sales, and he [John] can pay his debts with a draft on him. John was with Willson yesterday. Things are bad in Manchester [with M and P Longsdon]. Willson thinks they cannot pay the first dividend. The large creditors will not take bills and they can neither discount them nor sell goods. James should prepare for the worst. The last goods are to hand and John advises sending no more by wagon. The last three packs cost £5.5s carriage. - 1811

142 - 21 January 1811 John Longsdon at London to James Longsdon and Co requesting them to forward no more goods to London by wagon as the carriage is so enormously high. He orders a couple more packs to be sent off to Habgood and Co by Canal to bring into the February sales. They must appear on the books before the 20th of the month. He expects that Bickers' samples are on the road, as in case of no more coming in two or three might be sent off and as many of the others at 12d as may prevent the pack from taking damage by having too few. - 1811

143 - John Longsdon at London to his father, James Longsdon, senior, at Longstone - [26 Jan 1811]

144 - James Longsdon senior at Longstone to John Longsdon at London in reply to John's answer to his letter of 19th. James could not bear to tell him of his cousin's death. He was coursing on Eyam moor about 2 or 3 o'clock. He ordered the men to go on their way with the dogs, and the boy to fetch his horse and great coat which were left at some distance. On his return the boy found him fallen down dead. Joe says that it was not more than 5 minutes after he left him. James does not know the details of his will. JB is the executor and the manner of his proceedings does not argue well for the Longsdons. He has a most extraordinary influence over their cousin's mind. He will be buried tomorrow. Peter Longsdon is invited to the funeral and expected at Longstone today by coach. James has just returned from Chesterfield Fair, and called on Mr Finch, whose son Will came to the door and told him father had gone to Manchester because warehouse broken into and robbed. Letter at writer's house. Writer rode home and met John's brother who had had a few lines from Peter to inform him that the depredation was not exclusive and apparently confined to the fustians sent previous week from here. If no more, relief of Peter's note will compensate for loss. Writer has seen Keeling and hopes they shall eventually be able to obtain Peak Forest situation. Arranged to meet William next Thursday. 29 January 1811 - 1811

145 - Mother to John Longsdon. Bearer will give further particulars about cousin's death, etc. His sister not well; happy with William's return to Manchester. James very busy; attends funeral tomorrow with father, Uncle and Peter Longsdon. P[Peter?] going to London - could John send work box writer wanted, 29 January 1811 - 1811

146 - 29 January 1811 Ralph Finch, Manchester, to John Longsdon, Longsdon near Bakewell. Father, self did `write' in running off yesterday before his return from Chesterfield to examine the most unfortunate and disagreeable business. Robbery not so bad as expected. On looking over stock 12 pieces Fustian missing (cards, velveteens) amounting to £54.6s prime cost. Broke open after watchman had left his stand at 6 am. Taken particulars of missing pieces to Mr Nadin's Office. Has not been able to meet him yet. As he will have seen Mr P[eter?] Longsdon, needn't describe how they forced the doors. Has to see Mr Nadin and pursue enquiries, cannot be with him before next Thursday or Friday. If he stops Thursday over, needn't come next week. Has not had time to enquire into state of market. Some hopes of making a few sales before return. This morning 3 lines from his son John enclosing E. Roberts & Co sales of 153 pieces, and Mr T Ward's. He tells him he has stated to J Longsdon in a late letter. Should have gone to Youlgreave on Thursday - will he arrange with writer's son William about going. - 1811

147 - 30 January 1811 Eyam. Father to John Longsdon. Clause in favour of T Bird; he has legacy £30. Writer pleased with memento but hopes he will build his own fortune - Encloses Mrs Shaw's bill. - 1811

148 - 30 January 1811 John Longsdon formally to firm, Habgood & Co. Advised of bill drawn for £50 and pack of shirtings on way. Bickers invoiced at £32.3.5. - can draw for this on 6-10 March. Advise put in employ all 20 reeds for the finer quantity of shirtings without loss of time; no fear of a ready sale through sping and summer and finances will be in quicker circulation as result of arrangement with Habgood to draw at 2 months allowing interest or 16/8 per cent immediately after account sales are rendered. Great deduction from risk with one house obviated. If they have stopped his fustian Linen and Buck weaving as agreed, take on weavers to make 150 pieces a week of shirtings in all. Recommend putting out four of finer reeds with twist both ways and have a good reason for this request. If they can spare £2-300 get William to buy 15 bags of cotton at Liverpool; can get it at 13d good. If they agreed to do it will inform Roberts that they mean to draw on his at 3 months from 1 February. He dare not object to this and they would only draw 1 month's interest. Very good cause to think Cotton will advance in Feb. If they want money very much, this sum is neither considerable nor locked up - Mr Leech would resell cotton for them any day, for it will go no lower. Writer wants reply by Saturday's post - if agree how soon would a sample of twist shirtings be available, how many fine shirtings can be sent in February and how many in March, are all shirtings ordered to bleachers or have they kept a gray stock. If any gray are sold under 10½ writer will say goods in the market are not being fairly dealt by. Best of sort which come to knowledge of connections. No time to be lost - best season of year at hand. Hope Finch refused Pattons offer at 9½. Impudence. - 1811

149 - 6 Feb 1811 Cambridge. Barker to John Longsdon. Dining with him on Saturday. - 1811

150 - 7 Feb 1811 London. John Longsdon to Father. Letter of 29 and 30 received. No answer from firm. Finch must write as soon as possible. Fine shirtings received by J Bickers & Co. if agree with Thos Gordon that if they are wide enough they will answer. Think he required 1 beer bar narrower than their old mark but all seem to be 1½ inches which will be 2 beers. Worst will only be 1 bar narrower or equal to his present narrower sort. Writer doesn't remember wording of first order but if it mentioned more than 3/4 inches it is his fault. At Liverpool only sale on Monday 10 bags Orleans at 13½ Barrels for 12d were quality. Pack 100 pieces to Habgood & Co - expect to have sales of 23 pieces on hand end of month. If any of finer sort are in send 6-10 pieces exclusive of finer sort in Habgoods 100. Width of this article must have immediate attention. Writer not being fussy, but trying to find best sorts and qualities to make. May be old wide are best for fine ones, if so writer's error of judgement. Wishes Mr Finch would make few (3 looms) of them that width for Mr Bickers and in a while they shall know which suit the market best. Quality very good and must be kept up. W Whateley examined book, those of late partner Patton but cannot answer. Money for examination of his Land Tax transferred from stock or no account of its amount has been rendered. Writer asks what stock on hand and what at bleachers. Lottery Tickets are £21.14s If he wants him to buy, must be said by return post. - 1811

151 - 9 Feb 1811 Father to John Longsdon. Back from Manchester on Thursday where they found in a most deplorable condition Messrs P & L much worse than he could have expected and more money owing in his own business than had reason to suppose. Both fortitude and activity necessary. Arrangements with Habgoods judicious - of which they shall have to avail themselves. Finch informs him that balance of November sales £167.15s drawn for by two bills. Writer last desire him to advise of December sales £64.12s exactly what it has given him. 7 Feb Nos 5 & 6 2 bills at 2 months to George Brushfield £50 and £12.4s Finch has begun to number bills drawn on Habgood. E & B - favourable report on them from Jones & Co. 1 Feb pack forwarded to Habgood H E B L No 11 74 pieces 2327½ yards by Pickfords. Brother will forward more on Tuesday. William said about 300 pieces at bleachers. F[inch] to set fine shirtings on. Has bought 30 more reeds 3 looms fine for Mr B will be set on immediately - old width writer supposes he means. Finch thinks if all shirtings at old width would be best eventually. William and Finch bought 12 bags at 14d. Called at Peak Forest, have promise both from Keeling and George Bramsby of the Mill in due time, but at present Bramsby's affairs involved with infamous brother. - 1811

152 - 9 Feb 1811 John Longsdon formally to Finch. Sorry to hear from Manchester necessary to sell shirtings at 9½. Habgoods have sold 150 pieces at 12 3/4 dowerage, remaining 80 just to hand will go off this month. Put out remainder of 20 fine reeds. Mr Bickers customers did not approve of them and Habgoods have not seen them. From state of finances, worse than thought, better take on no more weavers. He thought they could bleach and sell all in London but cannot. They had better make what they can bleach and sell here or ruin own trade by making more. Advices given to Habgood. Drawn on Thos Ward for balance of sales account 2 months from 30 of last month on his account. - 1811

153 - 9 Feb 1811 London. John Longsdon to Father. Heard of his journey from William - Mortified that weight of business at this time should fall on him. Folly of Finch's measures recently, greater effects than imagined. - 1811

154 - 10 Feb 1811 Islington. John Longsdon to mother. He would see the necessity of William's return to Manchester. Writer still thinks concern will yet pay well and should be better in 3 or 4 months. - 1811

155 - 11 Feb 1811 John Longsdon to father. Writer now agrees Bickers would have liked fine shirtings in old width better and must try again. Wishes Mr Finch would give statement of all their weavers and what they are making in quality and widths. It would assist his judgement of what is coming round. Writer will see what Habgood thinks about widths. He wishes Firm had drawn on Habgoods as arranged rather than sold to Patton at 9½. Habgoods expected it. Regarding Peak Forest, suggests William looks in Manchester for room where can have constant turning for all their necessities and manage it himself. It will save expense of repairs and employ will be thrown on William who can spare time better than Finch. Weft would be better managed and come more regularly to the manufacture and less trouble for him. William (from Brideoake exper) would manage to spin upon Throstles - it requires least art of any machinery and would make his twist and weft. Wages higher but people do more work in full proportion; mechanical aid always at hand. Low rent on machinery circa £200. Carriage between Peak Forest and Longsdon inconvenient especially when want weft as it comes off the mules - same object to Manchester. Tuesday - sudden and unpleasant call to Manchester. - 1811

156 - Rowdale. [Harriet Needham] to John Longsdon addressed `Dear Sir' - something strange at Longsdon; went to Buxton under serious, trying indisposition, returned home much better but not fully recovered. Last Friday first notice of any kind from Longsdon's family, from his brother James driving near this day. Miss Longsdon and herself met his Father on their return from Bakewell. He had not called; writer concludes purposely avoided doing so. Rode on the off side of their horses but their servant knowing him instinctively stopped the horse he was then upon. When Mr L said - "Ah Miss Hannah is it you? How do you do? Who is that young lady on the single horse before you'. Miss Longsdon I told him on which he galloped to overtake and speak to her". In short conversation accused him of ingratitude for ignoring her distress when she thought him dead and her delight when found him alive expressed in her letter to his wife. Mr L spurred off saying first time he had been accused of ingratitude - [Feminine fuss - storm in a tea cup]. 11 Feb 1811 - 1811

157 - 12 Feb 1811 Manchester. William to John Longsdon enclosing as correct statement of accounts as possible from books here; £333 in debt at 31 January 1811. Nothing owing to them in Manchester - so everything must be discharged by bills in London without unexpected sales here. To sell shirting here is to sacrifice them and spoil his market. His arrangement with Habgoods may enable them to escape present situation which is worse than he imagined. Must contract business to survive, making utmost practical to attempt including various qualities until see their way more clearly or a more certain vent opens. Does he still want to take on fresh weavers, William against it - things worse daily. Large house in Spanish trade just failed; asks are Habgoods affected. Present stock fustians: 70 pieces, 6 shaft card, 20 Velveteens of all prices and 10 pieces Laby Cards, Genoa Cards, Thicksetts at 260 pieces shirting bleaching 10 or 12 fine ones and no ducks and more of any sort in warehouse; whole should be here in 4 weeks 59 pieces sent today to Messrs Habgood by boat. 7 pieces finer sort remain here to be put in next pack. Refused sending velveteens to be finished unless were nearly of a price. His letter for E M forwarded by The Sterling for New York. Cotton remains at 14d. - 1811

158 - 14 Feb 1811 London. J B [?Barker] to John Longsdon, James Longsdon and Co, Cromford Court, Manchester, concerning writer's health and possibility of applying for commission in Portugese Lines where great want of officers. Charles Cavendish with his father at Holker, Henry hunting with Marquess of Tavistock is expected back tonight, call again tomorrow. Called at their Offices, commission has to be signed in Portugal. Will call on Adj General at Horse Guards tomorrow. - 1811

159 - 15 Feb 1811 Manchester. J Longsdon to Father. Commission of bankruptcy against M and P L [Longsdon] completed last night; gazetted in week to 10 days. Mr William and writer return tomorrow by The Telegraph to London. Looked over stock with William. Load one made almost wholly for American trade - will be disposed of at heavy loss. 7 pieces laid aside for finishing. Habgood and Co can sell them for cost and charges. In 3 months he can draw for them. Light goods must remain on hand. Shirtings go out as came in. Go on with finer sort but only make 2 old width. Ducks to be bleached to sell in London; think will sell at 12d. William and writer will talk over spinning at Manchester and will write to him. Cotton lower in Liverpool 1d 1b than last week. Good Bowds 11d and 12d - prime 13d. M L and Co's affairs in Heurts hands as solicitor Commission. Mr Ashworth (Councillor) Mr Morgan and Mr Jepson. Assignees to be taken from Inspection Meetings 4, 14 March and 6 April. With addendum from William who may be called to Liverpool next week as James Harrison is sub poenad to London on a trial. He could not refuse Mr Leech's help. Cotton fallen nearly 1d a 1b. - 1811

160 - 15 Feb 1811 Saturday evening. Longsdon. Father to John Longsdon at Manchester but forwarded to London. Heard from Mr Morewood that he still has a bad cold which John took with him from Derbyshire. Advises take care of health. Talk with Finch and William. - 1811

161 - 15 Feb 1811 Mother to John Longsdon. Writer uneasy, but unexpressible satisfaction to know that he and William are doing all in power to tranquilize and make easy their father. Anxious for his health. Sister better. Went to Bubnell at father's request to meet him there – now staying for 2 or 3 days for little rest. Implores him to wear waistcoat of finest flannel under shirt. Mr Bossley in London - Grecian Coffee House Temple Bar. - 1811

162 - Brother James to John Longsdon. Writer had nearly finished a letter when heard of his visit north about father's sentiments and Finch's acts in mercantile concern - can't because he has had opportunity of talking to William. Pretty plain Finch deceived him grievously over money matters. Father no idea so much owing. Father much pressed. Many Christmas Bills unpaid and where capital necessary now for farming concern is to come from writer does not know. Hope he can arrange plan with William and glad to hear Finch's journeys to Manchester are to end. How are M and P L [Longsdon] and what will become of Willson's large family - how will estate turn out and how far their character suffer. Surprised he has Barker with him again at Islington and more so that he is not in list of Cambridge honours graduates. Many pleasant parties and merry dances in Baslow circuit generally kept up with great spirit to a late hour. Please send barrel of oysters to Mr Gear, Gardam B[ubnell] near Chesterfield - let them know when. [In letter to Father say "parcel" not "oysters". Mother not well. Kate very unwell but now recovered.] Miss H N [Harriet Needham] has been very unwell with her old complaint; has written many curious addresses to different parts of family. Miss H N's earrings please her. Mrs Baker enquires about little commission she had given him. 18 Feb 1811 - 1811

163 - 18 Feb 1811 E Longsdon to brother John. Writing to Maria (Mathew's daughter) who warned them over father's health. Mother not well - gone to Bubnell for a week with Kate. Father much hurried. News of local parties in January. Frequently see neighbours Mr and Mrs W Morehead. - 1811

164 - 18 Feb 1811 London. John Longsdon to Father. Worst is come to hand in M and P's affairs; no more anxiety, regret must be troubled and may fairly hope to see them do well yet and regain credit and money. Returned to Islington last evening, better than when he left. Mr Finch's letter received. Habgood's advice dealt with. No time in Manchester to enquire into Wild and Patton's affairs; what is to be expected and what Mr Finch thinks. Bad opinion of prosecuting man who sold their pieces to Goulds. By removing his trial to Lancaster will cause him great expense and trouble. - 1811

165 - Eyam. Thomas Bird to James Longsdon Esq, Little Longsdon. As it is uncertain whether writer will meet him today at Bakewell, taking this in pocket to put into Office or give to Rook. Encloses copy of his late cousin's will which he wanted. Talked of intention of selling his share in Longsdon Edge Mine. If still so disposed, writer would purchase it. As the Christmas reckoning was closed some time since, might be as well to settle business before much more work done. Must dispose of Stanton Lees estate immediately as money needed to pay off debts is considerable. 21 Feb 1811 - 1811

166 - 22 Feb 1811 Copy letter, unsigned [Harriet Needham]. Thanking John Longsdon for trouble taken over little commission enclosing £1. James will give him change. He would receive a melancholy letter of hers on 13th; ignore it. - 1811

167 - 22 and 23 Feb 1811 London. John Longsdon to Father. Writer fairly satisfied and cheered by present appearance of their concerns. He thinks stock taking March and Sept 1811 promises to be best he has yet witnessed; times unquestionably by far worst for general commerce. As for old stumbling block, carding of cotton, writer hopes last proposition will remove most of difficulties. Has requested William to inform him of writer's views. One great motive for carding in Manchester is that they may be supplied with twist well and good terms - for he thinks they could make their goods entirely from twist as cheap as from weft and undoubtedly the best shirting will fetch more money - to prove which sample from John Bickers and Co for which they pay 14d a yard and think it cheaper than theirs at 1/0 though the getting up costs only and theirs 2/6. It measures 28 inches and is called 7/8 wide. Principal difficulty in setting up a room at Manchester is want of money to buy a little machinery and start up. New building may be converted into dwelling houses and weaving shops and will pay 7½% for building it. William has sent him calculation of machinery needed and annual rent for turning it. Writer convinced would answer better than any other measure. In effecting sales ought to have 2 houses to which they should consign goods; admitting their objections against ER & C could be removed, they could not employ so safe and good a house perhaps. Seen him - his Country connections are now coming to Town and for next 2 months he can obtain 13d for their shirtings that they may draw at 2 months immediately on getting account sales allowing interest as with Habgood. Will see that sales made promptly and sent regularly. Directed William to send 100 pieces to Mr Roberts immediately. Writer doesn't think it prudent to enquire much for customers for their shirtings - will as soon as can. E Roberts January sales may be drawn for at 2 months from 1 March allowing 1 month's interest - or at 3 months whichever he likes. If he must allow interest, better to Roberts than a Manchester house. Writer ... wished him to do some business through Jones hands as their account with them affords them no desire to keep it open at present and in these times Bankers papers much more reputable than Bills upon Commission. However, concealing their connections here, writer wishes he would think about it. G M tells him fair quantity Bermuda cotton sold today in London at 14d, very best at 18d. Habgood Evans sales Feb 1811 263 pieces - £417.16s 3d due in cash 4 July 1811, including 2619 yards at 12½ - authorised sale at 12½ to bring as many as he could into this month's sale hearing of sacrifice to Patton of 203 pieces 12 3/4 is now limit to Habgood and Co and 13d to ER that he may make amends for the last account. When he draws for E Roberts last sales add £2 10s 6d an overcharge in carriage by Pickfords which was detected by writer suggesting keeping a check account at Manchester - for future pay his own carriage as writer has agreed with William Writer says be of good cheer, rest assured they can weather all their difficulties. Keep Mr Finch at home and place confidence in William. - 1811

168 - 23 Feb 1811 Father to John Longsdon. Advices for Habgood. 23 Feb 9 at 2 months to Sam Greaves and Co £40 10 at 2 months to Thomas Hill £20 Pack forwarded on 20 last to Habgood by Pickfords canal boat. 46 pieces 7/8 shirtings and 17 pieces fine. More to be sent today. Expecting letter daily in consequence of what he said in his letter to his mother received yesterday. Mother at Bubnell. Took her his letter, found her much better. A dance Carterills gave brought on his mother a crowd of youngsters when she was not well and worry greatly increased by Miss H N (? Harriet Needham - queer old girl). Both parents feeling much better. Writer torments "Oh that I was but seconded by your brother in the Farming concerns as he ought and oh that he could be made truly sensible of the sentiments of my heart towards him and shew activity necessary for my assistance and his advantage". Haven't quarrelled. When was at Manchester found more money due than expected. No doubt of his utmost exertions for remedy. About to draw all Roberts. Will shortly want £700 or £800 to buy in cattle - fund provided for it has been impinged on by untoward circumstances but this he does not fear weathering if shirtings can be disposed of to safe and solid houses. Had they not better contract a little? William writes very strongly about taking a room at Manchester for spinning all their own weft. Advised him to use every exertion to find best place but not to fully conclude a bargain. - 1811

169 - 25 February 1811 John Longsdon to Father - in reply to 23. Hope mother better - letters from James, William and Bessy with same constant desire to promote family happiness and in each evident proof though concealed that family not happy because largely of lowness of spirits to which recent events reduced Father and Mother. Happiness does not depend on money. He has enough to enjoy himself and every reason to suppose that he will see his sons making money. Affairs look well for making shirtings - do not curtail and draw for all sales rendered whenever and at whatever dates he pleases. - 1811

170 - 28 February 1811 London. John Longsdon to Father by James Harrison. Drafts to order of Greaves and Hill have been advised as well as others from Manchester on Habgood Evans and Browne amounting to £396.9s and one on E Roberts and Co £226.19s Debts must be much diminished by these drafts. Writer advises keep drawing on receiving account sales from Habgood or Roberts at 2 months date as interest of money can never be lost and he by this means materially reduces his risk. Indeed think him likely to want all his funds this spring as fast as he can draw if he concurs with writer in letting William take a room in Manchester to spin his own twist and weft. 1 March - congratulations on wedding anniversary. Mr Bickers wished to return 14 pieces shirting sent to him without order - offered to take back any in hand which cannot see - 50 pieces which writer has forwarded to Roberts ... at £82.8s 3d Little loss and feel Mr Bickers will yet become a good customer - wish him to have full confidence in them. - 1811

171 - 2 March 1811 Father to John Longsdon. Thanks for letter of 25th, much cheered. - 1811

172 - 3 March 1811 Islington. John Longsdon to Mr Finch. Writer has been informed by William of shirtings coming round. Trust he is aware of necessity of selling shirtings - expedient to make as many as his capital will afford without being compelled to sell any in the gray market. Has expressed astonishment to Father that Finch should sell 203 pieces to Patton at 9½ when he knew funds available in London by using which the pieces would have been got round and sold in this market at 12½ or 12 3/4. But the mischief does not end here. Writer has applied to very reputable house for an order and had shirtings supposed to be his own making offered at 12d - these Patton might sell at 11d with sufficient profit. Writer asks 12d and calls himself or means to represent the real manufacturer. Does present plan of manufacture agree with Finch's sentiments - ie articles for London trade or home consumption, that direction of manufacture his province, and after they leave Derbyshire - William's and all Manchester business buying cotton and twist and paying for them, bleaching and any other business which may originate in any branch of manufacture - all of which he is old and experienced enough to deal with. For 5 years writer has watched his Father's gradually declining property, now his constitution, without interfering. When he saw same system being pursued to the ruin of the concern he advised his father against its continuance. Unless he sees very decisive and prompt alteration in management and issue of business, writer will correctly recommend Father to withdraw altogether and save what possible from wreck. William has left a very advantageous situation to conduct writer's father's business and if it is to be carried on as formerly he will immediately resign. All transactions in this plan will have been communicated before this reaches Finch, as writer sends it via Manchester. Thinks Mr Bickers likely man to take a few ducks and has asked William to send some. Has told Father he is right to keep to old width of shirtings during depression of trade - but have seen no other shirtings of same width. What does Finch think of spinning room in Manchester to make weft and Throstle twist for shirtings. In March have received Finch's and Father's letters - better to bleach all shirtings for this trade than sell in Manchester at 10 or 10½. - 1811

173 - 8 March 1811 E Longsdon to brother John Longsdon. Family and local news, chiefly about health. James says uncles M and P Longsdon well and cheerful. - 1811

174 - 9 March 1811 John Longsdon to Father. Shirtings selling - mainly for army at 12½ or 12 3/4. Wishes him to give William full powers to act in getting room fitted up. Keep Finch at home. Thinks he can get rid of 20 pieces of duck a week to good advantage. Habgood Evans and Co now want 5% interest on advances and more commission. Must give what is fair. - 1811

175 - 14 March 1811 John Longsdon formally to firm. Shirtings sent to Roberts and Co - so deficient in width and quality that no certain price can be laid down for them - do not measure more than 27 inches wide and quality full 1d per yard more - partly from bleaching. Writer will inform William of it. Finer quality sent to Habgood not on average 27 inches for they measured 40 pieces. No price can be given at all equal to what would have been attained had they been 3/4 inches narrower than usual which neither Mr Roberts and Mr Evans would have refused. Desire them to sell at what price they can. Think now making old width but very apprehensive from appearance of Roberts goods that weft not hard enough - sure it is very irregular. Robert says quality worst ever saw from their house. Bickers account Goods 32.3 Bill on Roberts at 2 weeks from 12 March £50 and 510 in cash. By goods returned £82.55 - 1811

176 - 16 March 1811 Father to John Longsdon. Chagrin. Must take best measures possible for redress; every exertion for immediate sale of goods in Habgoods and Roberts hands - sacrifice best made immediately - for they have about £500 now due and payment cannot be delayed longer than 20 of this month. Mr F[Finch] does not go to Manchester next week and writer has written William to come immediately after 20th to have serious consultation about spinning room and bring all things necessary for taking stock. Pressures of farming concerns are considerable. - 1811

177 - 18 March 1811 John Longsdon to Father. Sorry so agitated - will soon blow over and arrival of good goods be attended by good sales. Draw on Roberts and Habgood at 2 or 3 months on receiving account sales on which must pay common commission of 5% instead of 3½. In short time writer can make a better arrangement for him by taking bills drawn by Habgood and Co on houses to whom sell at date stipulated between them which will often be 4 months. Were dates shorter writer would enter now on this plan and allow 4% commission which he has agreed with Evans - additional security at 1% less commision. Sales in hand for bad things - shall take care to hand him sufficient amount to draw £500 on 26th next - but he ought to pay what he can in 3 months bills. Finch says all shirtings old widths. 160 shirtings and 15 ducks (175 pieces) already sold - rest to be sold for first four offer - monthly account sales will not be less than £600. - 1811

178 - 20 March 1811 Father to John Longsdon. Expects William tonight. Imagine he will return to Manchester on Sunday - so please reply by Friday night's post even if written in interval. What is due at Manchester must be discharged. William in letter of 14th says Mr Bickers called and said he could buy goods cheaper than they sell them. Approve of liberality but taking back from Mr Bickers part of goods he had had an allowance made upon. Writer scarcely understands - or what he could urge for wishing it. Mr F.[Finch] attends diligently to the manufacturing department - one reason why goods not quite so good is that out of the former he picked and in the grey the worst pieces to sell Potters but of late they are stronger and the last parcel sent of this morning and the week before are the strongest he has made. J[ohn] L to say in his reply if he recommend any to be taken out and sold in grey. Is there any impropriety in asking G M [George Morewood] if he would give writer leave to draw on him for £400? He shall shortly want a considerable sum in his farming concerns. Now received 18th - much relieved. Will draw as much as possible at 3 months but £250 to Hibberts for botton must be drawn at 2 months. Approve plan with Habgood to take their Bills - additional security - value more than any trifling percentage. Does not mean to close account with Jones though dormant for some time. Small balance remains in writer's favour. If plan with Habgood is established their bills might properly be put in Jones' hands. Hope their Bill on Mr Ward is paid and that he has made progress to finally closing whole. Has he settled with William Whateley? - 1811

179 - 20 March 1811 Islington. John Longsdon to Mother. Family news.

180 - 22 March John Longsdon to Father. Letter of F. [Finch] and William of 20 March. Incloses account sales - (missing) Roberts has sacrificed 150 pieces - when good goods come can ask good prices - send all such to bleachers and sell his Ducks in Manchester. W Whateley has balanced and will send account soon. All money on other side £678 17s 11d may be drawn at 2 months, but draw Habgoods first.

181 - 24 March [1811] E Longsdon to brother John with shirt frills which intended to send with Mr Bossley. - [1811]

182 - 30 March 1811 Father to John Longsdon. Letter of 24th received with Newspaper. Thanks to Mr G M [George Morewood] for accommodation and as he is coming into Derbyshire can arrange matters when they meet. Finch's compliments. Habgood had 3 pieces 7/8 shirting unaccounted for on last sales account. Also has drawn 30 March No 23 to George Brightfield at 2 months for £50. William will advise from Manchester of other drafts and some ... William wishes Mr F to go with him to sale of M and P Langsdon's machinery day before last meeting of Creditors. Sorry to observe William's deficiency in moving of packs forwarded to John Longsdon. Farming concerns neglected being done in due season - brother's behaviour more agreeable. He has made a bad debt and contrary to his direction and turns out even worse than he expected - returned yesterday from ineffectual journey into Yorkshire. Doubt what advantage James' experience will be to him. Great damage to their sale of shirtings is by changing bleacher, step kept from him. F. [Finch] and William knew writer disapproved - and only necessity forced start. - 1811

183 - James to brother John Longsdon - 31 Mar 1811

184 - 6 April 1811 John Longsdon to Father. Orders for 90 pieces sent to William from Bickers. Dispatches from Wellington pleasant. - 1811

185 - 7 April 1811 Islington. John Longsdon to Father. Letter of 30th received. Messrs J and G M George Morewood have very great amount of property in situations making it unavailable and cannot offer father an advance and therefore opportunity of drawing and refunding at maturity of draft should be availed of in those situations where draft of longest date can be issued and money for father's purchases in cattle might be drawn from his Manchester concern by receiving Bills at 2 months in Habgood, 3 or 2 more on J Bickers and Co and 2 months in Edward Roberts and Co which D3580/C185 writer imagines no difficulty in paying or in getting discounted into Provincial paper current in his district and substitute in Manchester concern drafts at 4 months on J and G M [George Morewood] - refund to J and G M from first sales of cattle. Acceptance of Messrs J and G M of his bill at 4 months more respectable than 19 of 20 bills current in Manchester and no real grounds for objection. Consult Finch on how money can be spared from Manchester concern. Took goods back from Bickers because almost immediately after giving order he had to close his credit with the people for which he intended the order - more on his hands than connections with shopkeepers would take off. Took back part of goods on grounds that Mr B would hereafter be a good customer. 8 April - Spinning in Manchester had better be relinquished for present and disbursements in every branch as limited as possible. Whately's Newspaper bill 29 Sept 1809 - 1811 £8 - 1811

186 - 11 April 1811 Father to John Longsdon. Letter received 7th. Will see Mr G M [George Morewood] before anything is done - thinking of making an arrangement with Messrs Jones but want to see G M first. Friend at Thornbridge grows weaker. Mr G had better not delay. Finch back from Manchester, postpone spinning. Messrs G P and Co began 18 Twist and making in much greater quantity than writer could have wished. F has brought 50 Bd at 2/4. They can have a regular supply which writer likes much better than beginning themselves. 122 shirtings and ducks sent to Manchester this week; his principal fear is of glutting market. Lose no time in getting Habgoods bills on persons to whom they sell. Those are the bills he thinks of negotiating with Messrs Jones - Details of bills drawn. - 1811

187 - 13 April 1811 John Longsdon to Father. Letter of 11th received. G M George Morewood not coming to Derbyshire at present at request of Mr M [Morewood] himself - but should he get materially worse G M will then come down. Begin to despair of Mr M [Morewood]'s recovery. Glad father is seeing Jones himself; not to calculate on much liberality in what they offer as he has seen. In no very profitable a way just now from what one hears of their involvements with insolvent houses. - 1811

188 - 14 April 1811 James Longsdon to brother John letter of 3rd received. Much satisfaction in prospects. Father speaks of economy and diminishing in expenses, wages, etc. Will give him every assistance in changing plans he does not approve. Asks John to economise too. Father very anxious about meeting GM, [George Morewood] talks of going to Manchester next week. Writer not decided own plans nor how much he needs; thinks about £20 short and would much appreciate loan for a few months. Expect Mr Barker will pay him for trinkets John bought for Mrs B this week. Shall writer return it or can John make it up to 10, 15 or £20 and James return it altogether. Entered into partnership with Mr Barker to buy his cattle and sell them. He finds pasture and rest of capital and is paid for keep. Writer has half the beasts and they split profits - Do not expect much advantage. Is value of guinea to be raised to 24 or 25/? - 1811

189 - 16 April 1811 Father to John Longsdon. Writer would be obliged to Mr G M [George Morewood] for £500 in bills at 2 months to purchase Lancaster cattle. In returning money writer means to send him such bills as come into his hands. He wants answer by return of post - wait to go to Manchester. Colonel Wright's purchase and MP's allowance have left him straitened. Anticipated what John said about Messrs Jones. William says 2 packs sent to Roberts - writer wonders that Habgoods was not preferred. - 1811

190 - 20 April 1811 Elizabeth to John Longsdon. Mother not well, Father better. James will have informed him of intended visit to Lancaster and hopes hand will be well before he sets out. - 1811

191 - 20 April 1811 James to John Longsdon. Received letter with 2 £10 notes, many thanks; also received unexpected near £20 from someone else; very obliged. Arguing with father about one piece of James' ground - whether he should pasture it or not - will write more from Buxton after Lancaster Fair. Did John receive Miss H Needham's letter with £1 note? Will send John £5 note via Manchester and William soon. Go to Buxton 2 May - Regiment assembles for 14 days on 1st - Father talks of going part of way to Warr[ington] tomorrow - pretty well and mother better. Wednesday set off for Lancaster. Finger troublesome. - 1811

192 - 20 April 1811 John Longsdon to Father. Last letter of 18 of this month confirmed Mr GM's [George Morewood] willingness to accept his drafts as specified in his of 16th. Letter from Finch yesterday giving heads of his half yearly stock taking - only sum total of losses before witnessed in detail - however goods father now makes, sell at fair profit and his agents are safe men. Finch says can make goods upon a still better principle by few alterations at father's works in Derbyshire which writer likes better than starting spinning just now in Manchester. With addition from George Morewood. Sorry that can only lend £500 for limited period - has had his disappointments and now oppressed by load of goods either unsaleable or which can only be realised at an immense sacrifice. Mrs GM and her young folks going on quite as writer would wish. Advice from brother far from encouraging but not without hope of his case [invalid at Thornbridge]. - 1811

193 - 28 April 1811 Father to James Longsdon. Letter of 20th to Manchester met with. Best thanks to Mr M [Morewood] for accommodation and more particularly so far friendly manner in which expresses self. Drawn £420, £150 to James Longsdon junior, £200 to Titus Hibbert & Son, £70 to Johnson and Taylor. Little surprised by Finch's letter to James; first intimations. Glad J approves of spinning more of own weft here. Unlucky William bought any machinery for father does not think it will answer if brought to Longsdon. William disappointed Mr Bickers did not approve execution of his order. Writer pointed out impropriety of at all exceeding any order. Glad he has set William to finishing the cards - must exert himself in finishing. Writer hopes James will be able to dispose of them on tolerable terms. Mr Finch going to Manchester tomorrow for sessions about the robbing of warehouse and will be detained all week. Brother James set out yesterday for Lancaster and Joseph followed him this morning. James' letter to Mr F [Finch] lying for writer's inspection. Thinks James has proved the debt on Wyld. - 1811

193 - James Roberts has made the sale at 12d - should have done it in first instance. James has not said anything more of proposed arrangement with Habgoods regarding bills. Writer told Mr William Jones when at Manchester he proposed to pay them in.

194 - 28 April Mother to John Longsdon. How happy a change since his father's journey to Manchester. She has received useful pretty box and gloves. Mr M [Morewood] at Thornbridge gets weaker - sister attends him so closely they do not see her. He does not want visitors. James left yesterday - return to duties at Buxton on Friday next. Garden beautiful - family news.

195 - Katherine to John Longsdon - [28 Apr 1811]

196 - 2 May 1811 Father to John Longsdon. Saw GM [George Morewood] yesterday for first time since brother's death - sorry to say William's memory bad - forgets to send John lengths of parcel of goods he forwarded with lengths and had John noticed it. Expect William on Wednesday. So keen on fishing wants writer to send a rod to meet him in Monsaldale - will soon find he has many other necessary requisites. Weavers have worked hard against Whit Sunday. This week will be upwards of 106 pieces. Last month's sales by Habgoods exceeded writer's expectations. Thinks they shall get in regular plan and understanding with Messrs Jones about bills - they want bills to be sent to Manchester rather than John to put them into their hands in London. Much approve John's plans for getting rest of goods to Houses in Home Trade - if this can be solidly regularly establishment managed by John, William and F [Finch] without writer's interference would be consolation to his evening days. GM conversation on trade yesterday - agreed no prospects of doing anything either to advantage or safety unless a little in the Home Trade; looks on John as the keystone - by carefully laying solid foundation on moderate scale. Admires John Barker going against "Vile and Bloody Tyrant". Copy Habgoods sales on 15 ducks at only 10½ and 5% commission. Just heard twist and weft have dropped considerably. - 1811

197 - 3 May 1811 John Longsdon to mother. Writer busy in own time in affairs of father and Mr F [Finch] learning German. GM [George Morewood] in great domestic happiness but critical situation of Mr Morewood and dreadful situation at all Foreign countries with which their business should be supported are enough to damp spirits of anyone - Barker made quite happy by copy letter from Secretary at War Office to Lord Fitzroy saying that G and Co has ordered his name to be entered for an ensigncy in Lord Fitzroy's Regiment (48th Foot) now in Portugal where Barker must join them when he gets his commission. Writer admires his leaving the church if not thinking a man one bit better for being a parson and not liking the profession. Mr Cavendish son of Lord G C has got him this commission and it will only cost him the regular fee at the Offices - £5. W Whateley's affairs desperate and wife not well - improves but still with doctor at Isleworth. The Doctor good friend to WW and a good man if there are any good ones. Randolf Carteell well. Writer has written few lines to Major respecting him. - 1811

198 - Father to John Longsdon - 9 May 1811

199 - 12 May 1811 John Longsdon to Mother - Congratulations on return of more peace and harmony than for some time. Weather promised a wonderful crop of grass - in fact of everything so Father cannot go onto his land without pleasure. Let him know if she wants anything and he will urge it for her. Does she wish to visit Bathing Place or would her health be benefited by temporary change of situation? WW [Whately] misfortunes at a crisis - Asked writer to inform his friends of his situation. Doctor, he thinks means to assist him. J Barker still home. - 1811

200 - 14 May 1811 John Longsdon to Father. Bill business will soon be arranged to his satisfaction. Bale of 65 pieces which William wished to be pushed off owing to inferior quality arrived while he was at Habgoods and sold them altogether for 12¼. Gd Cotton Ducks will meet regular sale at 12d and if they can be made any lower than shirtings they may answer. Remembers Mr F. [Finch] calculating them to cost nearly 1d per yd more. Not happy about division of shirtings - when sales are heavy which must happen will be mixed altogether in any Commission House in London and sold in that manner. Let it have fair trial. How do his pastures look and how far are his Lancaster cattle seem likely to do well? - 1811

201 - 16 May 1811 John Longsdon to Father. Writer upset by effects of WM's [William Morewoods ?] purchase of 4 bales of inferior cotton on Father's mind and can only conclude that united efforts of greater part of his family to make him happy are rendered ineffective and are found to be too weak to be opposed to little misfortune of 4 bales of cotton having been bought of something too inferior a quality. Writer's reaction may surprise him but that after treating all efforts to make him happy and put business on sound footing he should see from simple and very common error whole system deranged, his mind disturbed as have often seen, Mr F [Finch] sent off to Manchester evidently to neglect of what ought to be attended to at his proper situation and merely do nothing which requires such measures. - 1811

202 - 18 May 1811 Father to John Longsdon. Sorrow and surprise at the matter being represented to John in the manner in which he has taken it up. Without true harmony and active exertion most willingly given on parts of himself and his brother and Mr F [Finch], much success cannot reasonably be expected. It has been a pleasing sensation to writer that it had been much improved of late and fully existed. Hope it does and will not be disturbed. Why no comment or apology to John etc. Gregory on Manchester carrier arrived last night having lost his pocket book in which were 2 letters for him. 2 last weeks manufacture as near 130 pieces printed as writer can count. Hopes John can dispose of it. John's exertions of greatest satisfaction to writer and John must give earliest warning possible of diminishing demand. George Brushfield pressing for bills today, writer has drawn him one on Jones'. Writer fears he has persevered too long in Manchester concern but think it was through a fond hope of fixing John and William respectably in life. Writer not without hope of seeing them both doing well before he dies. - 1811

203 - 20 May John Longsdon to father. Writer closes subject in firm conviction that all happiness which this world can afford is most clearly within their reach. Nothing which he can do to promote father's and mother's ever withheld or done reluctantly. Writer has applied to Habgoods for a few bills and he wrote to firm yesterday - J L & Co - prepared for any slackness which might take place in demand for shirtings. Not aware of any. They recommend F [Finch] to try article mentioned in letter to firm without diminution of his shirting weavers. Times bad or worse than ever but his business cannot take harm. Security is the first object and regular demand for a good article next. Writer will remit bills to Manchester direct and sending this evening £369

204 - 24 May 1811 Mother to John Longsdon. Encouraged to hope brighter happier days yet in store. Fine beautiful spring with prospect of plenty. Brother returned from Lancaster with very nice lot of cattle - hope will do well and turn to profit. Full employment and much room for improvement in farming concerns now they are in possession of new purchase. Old barn at top of garden fortunately half fallen down - fortunately because fears it would not have been taken down. Respects to Mr W Whateley or family - concerned for them; cannot take pleasure in thought of sea bathing without his father's free and full approbation. Not possible now; wait a more favourable opportunity. - 1811

205 - 27 May 1811 John Longsdon to firm. Writer wishes reply to questions in letter of 20th. Habgoods account sales £420 sent to Manchester. Roberts very trifling and will be quoted in next. - 1811

206 - 28 May 1811 John Finch at Longsdon formally to John Longsdon. Regarding £5.2/- charged him by Ward's quite correct if John has charged him with goods they sold him. Forward statement of account with Habgood and Bickers. Williams error in adding up 15 pieces of cotton Ducks sent on 4th of this month. Habgoods - said 507½ yards instead of 527½. Please correct it with them. Going ahead with 9/8 reeds John mentions 36 inches wide which stout and good - will stand a sixth more in value. Shirtings made lately of superior style. Writer sees duty on Cotton does not now take place. Habgoods £671, 4 s/d account March the .... - balance in JL's favour £165. 17s/d Bickers account £153.6s 3d - balance in JL's favour £13.6s 3d. Addendum from father - lost Mr Morewood on Sunday morning; melancholy though expected event. Has received letter of 20th with much satisfaction. - 1811

207 - 28 May 1811 [Matthew] Gregory at Manchester to John Longsdon. Writer making some strong fustians, thinking of finishing a few and sending to Habgoods; before doing so take it as a great favour if John would give him his opinion about doing so and say if John thinks it would answer for him; likewise to mention it to them or to Mr Evans himself as John knows him. If John tells him writer is Mr Finch's brother-in-law as he has seen him at Manchester, and their terms of doing business and if writer were rather short of money whether they would accept for a small pt of amount goods sent. - 1811

208 - 29 May 1811 John Longsdon at Longsdon to mother. Present quite safe [dried ham] enjoy it very much. Hope to see Mr M [Morewood] back in London and how friend at Thornbridge has died. Regret loss of first man who every assisted him in getting into situation of life he wanted and who has been so good a friend to him. Did not expect when he left London to see him no more. Tell Bessy 4 shirt ruffles came safe [? JM dead] Thursday am, 30 May 1811. - 1811

209 - Father to John Longsdon. Two oldest and most intimate friends gone; no confidential ones left but at a distance. Mr M [Morewood] to be buried today - one of most philanthropic hearts, never lost sight of ardent desire to ameliorate condition of lower classes and mend their morals; though might not succeed fully in general plans, had satisfaction of seeing self eminently successful in many particular instances. Losses in last 4 months more than he wishes John to know. John's conduct and exertion he now looks on as his sheet anchor. Mr F [Finch] gone to take goods at Monyash, has pretty pointedly spoken to him on delay in reply to John's letter to firm, hopes no harm done. Seems most willing to exert himself and best way - to bury all past negligences in future exertions. Sorry William so forward in purchasing machinery; will try to think no more of it. Sorry cannot augur favourably at present of grazing. John's brother has made a very bad debt but he would have heard nothing of it if he had possessed disposition to make family comfortable. Best season for grass writer has ever known and would be comfortable but for said disposition. Hears John done something further about PEI. Will not extended. War with America make it more advantageous. - 1811

210 - Mother to John Longsdon - Just back from week in Alport - unexpected pleasure of his letter. Mr M [Morewood] returns to London tomorrow. Hope and pray his situation continues pleasant although this change has taken place. Thankful and happy with everything about her - when she sees his Father tranquil and easy - when he makes himself otherwise more than his spirits can struggle with. John may think she has been too serious in her first letter but such a thought was brought on by the hurry he put himself into concerning John's brother William but have not heard a complaint of the kind since the letter he received from her on the subject. Wishes to see him happy - earnestly desires to make him so - know it to be that of his Children also. Expecting William Hope father will fish. 2 June 1811 - 1811

211 - 2 June 1811 James to John Longsdon - No time to write between Lancaster and Buxton - not noticed earlier John's urgent request for answer. Barker and Ashford brought up letter and small parcel to be forwarded to John. Take opportunity of including in parcel £15.15s Od in gold and trust Mr G M [George Morewood] will not think it too cumbersome. He does not know what John will be able to make of the -------- but John will do the best he can. It was said a little while ago they [............] were bought here at 25/ and James should think them worth as much and about allowing John a share for negotiating them James has no objection to. The writer has been negligent in answering John's letters, must beg an immediate reply to this - Have 8 or 9 more but some payments that writer must make this week amount to £8 - as William comes here on Wednesday if John will enclose James a £10 note writer will give them to him to forward to John. If he thinks it worthwhile James sending them, it is writer's intention John keeps these 15 - £4 and four shillings for Mrs B and the remainder to be put in writer's credit unless he should make a bargain with his Father for his young horse - broken in this spring and would like to buy or exchange for him but Father unwilling. If father agrees and James has money to pay him, hope John can let him have another £10 until writer sells some of his cows £70 debt writer owes remains in his father's hand. Cattle much dearer at Lancaster and fear bought at too high prices to do much good. Father had 21 (2 or 3 lame) rest ...... and grow pretty well - Father satisfied with them. James' not so promising - one very ill, doubtful whether she will come about again. Writer does not hear much said about business - hopes all is well. Father seems more anxious about money to reimburse GM [George Morewood?] - 1811

212 - 3 June 1811 John Longsdon at Islington to Firm on collecting arrangements from weavers. Take in goods at Winster and elsewhere on Thursdays - but weekly manufacture sent to Manchester preceding day and remain until Saturday before bleacher takes possession, Monday before goods get to Croft - 12 days if goods at Winster etc. taken in on Friday and total manufacture for week sent to Manchester on following Monday and be given to bleacher on Tuesday and be in Croft on Wednesday - 6 days instead of 12. Admitting firm has altered system of taking in at Winster, principle still holds good as to home manufacturers, bulk of which came in on or before Saturday. Since this year firm have generally found whole delivery has been sold and must know that had each monthly manufacture been delivered in 4 bales 8th, 15th, 22nd, 29th - on John's system delivered 6 days earlier - last on 23rd - so 3 bales coming into sales of month instead of 2 or saving of 1 month's interest on ¼ of firm's manufacture and giving other ¾ better chance of being well sold by being 6 days earlier in market. London 5 - Please look at plan. Evans said yesterday could have sold 100 pieces of shirtings got up in calico way to a House which had had few of that sort - none up. In execution of order and House could not wait. Glad satisfied with last month's sales. See no ground for curtailing manufacture - award goods will be lower and cotton and twist low. They have sold good New Boards at 12½d 14 days 3 months in London - necessary to quote article particularly good that the market may be glutted the quality may be nowhere else found. Calicoes twist made to be of equal quality with shirting and in now way different but the weft is widely as described. Just sold all their shirtings 70 pieces to Habgoods at 12d. As to E Roberts & Co - think him declining again - no more consignments to them. Writer means what they hold to be brought in June sales if they can get 12 d. They have 3 bales. - 1811

213 - 5 Jun 1811 John Longsdon to Father - Letters of 3 and 4 received - Beresford's dear bought but glorious victory. People here think them now too strong and too accustomed to fighting the French to be done out of the Peninsula. Let William and F [Finch], persevere and writer will give early intelligence whenever goods cannot be sold quickly and to advantage. Glad his mind turning to repose - fishing account extremely pleasing as is father's accustomed success. Recommend William to fish near bank rather than throw a long line. Glad his partners are so good - diverted with some Islington farmers who have spoiled about 200 acres of fine hay by cutting in rainy part of month - part still soaking. J Barker awaiting commission with impatience. Compliments to Anthony and Peter and all the Drake fishers. - 1811

214 - 17 June 1811 Father to John Longsdon. Lost voice by cold caught going to Chapel Fair on Thursday last. Read letter in bed - excellent antidote; - so even now after a hurrying day with Thos. Marten the butcher. No rational objection to his plan for brother coming to John for a week to improve himself and approve of it. 20 June - Letters from William - going to Manchester on Tuesday, health permitting. William and Finch do not perfectly understand each other about the making of articles John orders. To act in unison is soul of business - these both mean same thing. Reeds William ordered for John's shirting calicoes rather too narrow - reed maker no doubt to blame but William should have examined them before he sent them. Has long observed a rashness in William in making bargains which will not easily be diverted from. Highly approve having him with John as soon as can be made convenient. Will write as soon as can. News of bills. Finch said broad calico will stand to about 11½ yards and he is going on with them. - 1811

215 - Father to John - not well enough to go to Manchester - welcome letter of 22. What he says of money matters is not cheering. Will give Miss Morewood £30 immediately and hope to arrange matters with Messrs Jones to give GM [George Morewood] balance as he proposes and very liberal of Mr M - truly sensible of obligation. From times and circumstances think it prudent to curtail in some measure manufacture. Will produce better goods, far too much hurry in Mr F's department. Not despairing of business but what times demand. Finch to Manchester yesterday to William to whom wrote corroborating arrangements for journey to Town. Not yet acquainted with June sales but aware cannot be large. Fear him too sanguine about July because of badness of times. Sold upwards of £100 of cattle all which will be paid in less than a month. James' Yorkshire Chess will he fears turn out quite bad but his feeding stock more promising than they were. His Mother has told Mrs Barker about her habit. How does W W [Whately] do - he knows he receives Mrs Shaw's dividend for money she has in the Funds on writer's recommendation - Inquire if not be proper to work on alteration. Wish Mr W could inform writer of exact annual amount of Land Tax he got redeemed for him. There is a mistake between him and Town of 3-4% which cannot yet be cleared up. Finch to return to Monyash on Thursday where he must send the necessary to meet him - spoken as strongly as he can on telling William that Mr Bicker's order should be executed to his satisfaction and that John should have clear information about everything by William. The first pieces for Mr B came in last week and Finch says he has put 6 reeds out. - 25 Jun 1811

216 - 29 June 1811 Father to John Longsdon. Letter of 27th received. Feels uneasy that John should think writer has unnecessarily decided to curtail manufacture. Admires what John has done and delighted and satisfied with his assurance there there is no need to decrease. Not one of F's [Finch's] faults to think he has too much to attend to - will eagerly go on and increase - and so would writer when prudent. Decided this morning not to discharge any weavers. F assures writer this week's goods upwards of 130 pieces in aggregate best he every made. None sold in Manchester since small lot William sold Pottern - fully agrees with John in putting stop to that traffic. Now fears putting G M [George Morewood] to inconvenience. What does G M think of returning it by bill on Jones at 3 months? What does John say about Finch drawing on Habgoods to pay work people would be considered accom. but would it not interfere with arrangement of taking their own bills on their customers whose acceptances must strengthen Longsdons's security? If John can satisfactorily settle this point to draw for 30 or 40 a week would be sufficient reason to writer. Shall write to William to come to dinner on Wednesday - Does John want him in London at any particular time. Probably come from Newhaven. Writer thinks the coach is called Cornwallis. Writer notes about Roberts and unfortunate last goods were sent him, bigger shock than writer expected. - 1811

217 - 29 June 1811 John Longsdon to Mother. Mr W Whateley has gone through his examination and got his certificate in a manner more creditable to himself than any instance writer has heard of. At 3rd meeting his certificate was fully signed and now without any constraint. Mr Shaw may draw as usual for her dividend. Mr W is nearly well again. - 1811

218 - 3 July 1811 Father to John Longsdon. Writer expecting letter and welcomed William to breakfast - rides to Bakewell this evening in expectation of letter from John and unless John alters the arrangement will be in Islington on Saturday evening. Miss M declined the £30 writer offered her - but delighted to hear GM [George Morewood] comes this month. William will tell John all news. Before he died, Mr M after a long conversation said writer may think himself happy in having a son like John to be a guide or steersman to his family. Do not blame writer for cautioning him against stretching his arm too far in these bad times for he feels that on John will rest the future credit to attach to the name of Longsdon. 4 July - John's letter of 2nd ...... ...... Send as John requests a bill dated to day at 3 months on Jones for Mr G M for £200. House can not be conveniently advised until Finch goes to Manchester on Monday or Tuesday next. Notes what John says about Jones taking bills to account and will take first opportunity to arrange it with the House. Understands there will be very little to pay at Manchester next week - no reply to writer's letter of 29th. On re-reading John's letter see he means enclosed bill for £253 to be sent to Manchester immediately but as F goes on Tuesday, no doubt GM will keep bill from presenting until advice given. - 1811

219 - 8 July 1811 Liverpool. J Harrison to John Longsdon. Received his of 6 July this morning. Small box returned to him by this evening's mail. Carriage hitherto put into E M's account under the idea that it would be sent by an American vessel - once contracted with a Captain to take it but he afterwards declined - so no charges whatever on it. Capt Morrison of the Elizabeth would have taken it but Mr E M's injuctions nothing on board but stone ballast made writer think proper not to send it. Respects to William Longsdon and will reply to his letters of 24 and 25 June when he returns to Manchester. Everything remarkably dull in Liverpool. Unless some change takes place soon does not see how they are going to find employment. John Leech is studying French and expects to see him something remarkably good, if to be a merchant he will be of the first class. - 1811

220 - 9 July 1811 Cousin S Barker to John [Longsdon] - Habit arrived safe last week and admired exceedingly and Miss Harriet Barker wants one like it - please order one immediately and send it by coach to her at Mrs Worsley's, Derby. She really wants it, being engaged to go to the sea in a fortnight. - 1811

221 - 14 July 1811 Finch to John Longsdon. Letter of 12th received - happy both with sales made and remittances sent especially in uncommon depression of trade particularly in general articles of calicoes. Bicker's order attended to by sending his order to R Ormerod with strongest injunctions not to neglect sending out all he can next Tuesday. Will do best to have calico shirtings stout and good but no care can quite avoid a few thin ones occasionally, even from best weavers. Bulk of pieces will weight in gray state 8½ lb to 8 lb 10 oz, cannot go heavier in these reeds for calico shirting. Glad to have so favourable account of 9/8. At price he mentions will pay extremely well. Hopes those to Messrs Alcock & Co will be equally approved. Addendum from father - Hope to hear from him soon by return of his brother who says Peake and himself intend leaving Town in a few days - glad to hear - hope he enjoys all pleasures journey affords. Will pay Miss M any money she will take. Hear J Barker is gazetted -Good Luck to him. - 1811

222 - 18 July 1811 John Longsdon to Mother - Hopes she's better - she will have no good account of writer from William but will get better as hot weather leaves. William has seen W Whateley and family - very much better spirits. Can she send him a basket of poultry? He would like it much. Congratulates her on having Mr G M's [George Morewood] family for neighbours; they are coming next month. Will soon need shirts - will get a piece of Irish linen and send it down to her to get made. Getting on well in business. Father no need to worry. Finch and William get on well. Goods sell regularly and to some profit. Getting nearer to state in which ought to be in business and everything else. Only impediment is Father's and James' differences which he thinks will subside, or a remedy must be found. James never writes to writer and he knows writer has much less time than him but John means to enter into a regular correspondence with him which he doubts he will keep up. He thinks it may bring some remedy. In meantime go to Bubnell when she finds herself unwell at home - will do Father good to ride over to Bubnell frequently and hopes to hear that she is often there. Will write to her again by Thomas Gardom - much the same and if not improved, Thomas has acquired no bad habits in London which is something in his favour for some young fellows get quite spoiled. Mrs Barker not pleased with her son John's military career and writer is afraid he will lose his character with her by approving it so much for certainly he thinks he has taken a wise and spirited course. Well and repairs to headquarters of Northampton early next month. - 1811

223 - 5 August 1811 John Longsdon to Father - Writer may go to Harwich on Friday next to embark for Heligoland - probably there a month. Agreed this morning with Mr M that if father wants to pay him give it to Miss M but if he prefers to wait until he comes, that is alright. Miss M needs some money. Manufacturing affairs in best order writer ever saw them provided F [Finch] pays minute attention to orders which makes so much complaint in his last. J Barker left for Northampton this morning. - 1811

224 - 6 August 1811 Islington. John Longsdon to Firm. Wrote on 2nd. About to be absent for time. Advice on probable demands in coming fall. Old staple of 7/8 shirtings almost certain to sell especially as last summer's make has been disposed of mainly in country trade - finer sort sells fully as well if properly made as common ones - perhaps better so that he may keep an assortment of reeds at work. Bad opinion of Ducks and advise no more of same width and quality as those now in progress. The 26" side common calico of which he spoke in his last made 27" wide and equally strong with the piece he saw would answer every need and sell as well as any Duck - in fact he had better call them Ducks and they will bring 11½ - 12 d a yard so that he cannot do better than make 10 or 15 pieces a week of his sort taking care that width and quality kept up. 9/8 shirtings much to his advantage to make well and regularly Do not send Alcock & Co any more than the order by any means but keep extra in Manchester until writer returns to London. He will soon sell them for him. 26 inches calico writer would decline as Finch has an assortment of 3 articles already, besides 6/4 shirtings which nothing should prevent being prepared as soon as Finch can do it. If his looms are too narrow William must get some old Tabby Looms or Muslin Looms. Expect to find a few made in 6 weeks time. Expect to dispose of each week in winter Ducks 27" white quality described 15 - 26 9/8 shirtings 36" wide white as new making 15 - 10 5/4 shirtings 40" wide white as new making ) - 10 6/4 shirtings 40" wide white as new making ) - 10 7/8 shirtings 80 - 90 Do not be discouraged and do not lower prices if sales fall in writer's absence. System a secure one. Manufacture in reasonable hands, goods adapted for market and have come from Manchester in good condition and very regularly. - 1811

225 - 6 August 1811 Islington. John Longsdon to Mother - Pleased she is better. Writer is better since last wrote and now going to Heligoland - will be the cheapest watering place could go to and probably as good any may. No danger. Thomas Gardom and writer walked to Isleworth to her cousin the doctor on Sunday - wife very pleasing and pretty. W W [Whateley] regaining spirits and wife much better. Did William benefit - had not time to go with him to look at Lions, Tigers or Kings and Queens or any such curious animals but must be improved more or less in his ideas of business and he is very diligent. Messages to Barker and has received payment for Miss H [Harriet] B [Barker]'s habit. - 1811

226 - James Longsdon to John - ashamed he has not written - as his voyage postponed for few days writes now. Writer will leave nothing undone to contribute to peace and habits of parents - differences of opinion between writer and father much less frequent. Mother had few days at Bubnell, better than a few weeks ago. Has urged her to go to a bathing place. £6.6s from Mr B [Barker] for Miss B [Barker]'s habit - think he said balance of £7 due to him which with £6.6s intended remitting in about a fortnight. Let writer know if to send William any part of it and whether writer should send it to London any day after Wednesday. Think William has left his tongue behind in London - no account of his journey or whether anything to his liking or disliking. Going on to moors tomorrow and hope to be more successful when partridge shooting commences. Cattle now growing pretty well and beef so far sold as well as could be expected. This year favourable for the Gargol at present; have not suffered much. Wish pleasant journey - if John wants money before he goes, draw it from father's concerns and James will pay Father or Mr F[Finch] - 11 Aug 1811

227 - 11 August 1811 Mother to John Longsdon - meant to write long letter but surprise when father brought John's letter to Bubnell put out of her head. Much concerned about his headaches. Have thought of going to sea because fortnight ago when very unwell father said if she wished to try sea bathing he would make no objection but not convenient for a son or brother to take her there - season far advanced - thinking of meeting him instead next spring. Given it up for this year. Particularly pleased on William's return with his manners and conduct which a little resembled John's - reason to think him much gratified by his journey yet he is very silent. Barker's much concerned about John but sensible of his civilities to him. Mrs H B [Harriet Barker] has left Ashford but received habit in time to wear it day it arrived to come to dinner. Miss M's friends at the cottage are well. See Mr & Mrs William M several times. Poor M at Rawdale low, dejected and melancholy from late loss. Take care. Wish to get John a piece of cloth for shirts from Johnson; send her a shirt to make by. - 1811

228 - 12 August 1811 Northampton J Barker to `Dear Jack', addressed to J Longsdon, Esq, 1 Asteys Row, Islington, London. Hoped to hear from him but disappointed. Did not see that bird of passage (Thomas Carter) on his flight through Northampton having stationed himself at the wrong inn to wait for him. When writer arrived at the other, the coach was just gone but a gentleman had enquired for writer with a letter which said was of no consequence and as he did not meet with him he would take it along with him. `So much for your punctual messenger'. Enclose a £5 note all he can at present to father of Anne Hughes formerly in service of Mrs Dowley. (With detailed instructions for delivery). Writer knows how things go and how money account goes when Longsdon with Mrs Cundee. Trunk to J Barker, 48th Foot, Angel Inn, Northampton. Master King the tailor, dammed scoundrel, overcharged and furnished wrong articles. Instead of blue pantaloons ought to have had white pantaloons, grey trousers and white breeches with military boots, all of which can get here cheaper and better. Colonel Erskine, commander, man of whom impossible to speak too highly, not likely (though may) go out before next spring. Second battalion having been annihilated. Amuse themselves in this stupid place as well as they can. Had a ball and expect another. Have made some acquaintance among the ladies in spite of general aversion of the inhabitants to the Army: and by behaving well at church and looking dammed serious in the presence of the old ladies they may all of them be admitted into company of the young ones. On ball night whilst last partner talking to writer carriage drove off with her party. He set off home with her without his hat which he had lost and met two gentlemen coming to seek her. Caused some talk. How is Longsdon's health? Does he go to Heligoland? Does John improve in punctuality? Has he heard from James? How does Longsdon's business? How does go on with his German? Love and messages to several ladies and messages to London acquaintance. Writer now in habit of rising pretty early being obliged to appear on parade at six in morning a mile away. Forgot his umbrella which would have been useful here on a journey which was very wet one. Box coat secured every part by his head. If of no use to him cord it on top of his trunk. If already sent keep umbrella. Will hear from writer when he has heard from Longsdon. - 1811

229 - 12 August 1811 Finch to John Longsdon. Thanks for letter and recommendations. 7/8 shirting shall be made and finer ones improved in stoutness if possible. Had some twist for cotton Ducks or would have stopped then sooner. Are beginning sort he described of 27 width. Regret small quantity 9/8 calicoes recently made - one of principal weavers ill for some time and rest went out to do harvest work. Now this is over hope to make them in regular quantities; when 26 inch calicoes all in from weavers shan't make anymore. Expect 2 reeds next Wednesday for 6/4 shirtings which he means to put out with all speed, has recently found looms and weavers at Monyash that will make them well. Should have 4 ready in about fortnight. Will attend to all Longsdon's points. Hope to make 100 to 120 pieces weekly. Sorry linens likely to turn up so ill. Stopped the make of them as soon as could but all articles of the sort have been declining in value ever since. Not yet completed preparations for increase of carding and weaving concerns. Have a single carding engine which rather surpasses his expectations. Does not doubt he shall be able to give Longsdon a pleasant account. New carder and spinner came recommended to them last week and has engaged him. Went to Manchester last week and had disagreeable matter about Messrs Jones & Co rejecting Habgood's bill merely because it was not direct on London. William has paid it to Messrs Jno Moon & Son. Their account cotton due this month £186.7s.0d. now paid. William received two bills £160 given to Gordon Pares & Co towards monthly account and £149 to James & Co. Addendum from Longsdon's father. Finch doesn't approve of re-opening connections with Mr Ward. Father agrees. Has been shooting their own moor - brought mother fine brace. Matthew came to shoot to his surprise. James goes to Abney with him - pleasant days. - 1811

230 - Mr Finch's remarks on Mr L[Longsdon]'s letter dated 20 August 1811. Wet goods that has been in the canal he has his opinion. Two pairs of cotton ducks sent last week he thinks will be 27. The next shall be wider. W Longsdon must prepare them more twist or they cannot go on regular. RB refers him to his last letter for the sorts. By all means stop Jas. Haigh's coming to Longsdon for the present. The linens they will endeavour to dispose of at Longsdon's. The remainder of the letter he will be kind enough to answer as he thinks proper. - 1811

231 - 21 August 1811 John Longsdon to father. Journey now postponed to 23rd. First object should be to establish good relationship with his bankers. Should be regular balance of £200 in father's favour. Interest account should be likewise in his favour, both of these may be accomplished before long. Regular sale of goods would provide former and as for latter, if father draws new bills for less than three months which is short enough today, writer will undertake to make such lodgements as shall throw the interest in father's favour at years end. But no bills at less than three months. An allowance of a month's interest on a banker's acceptance at three months is a very poor offer for a 2nd bill. At least if any one refuses it writer would end the account with him. Trying to get some cash to place in Jones' hands. If he gets £100 this week and as much on his return by father persevering in above system the securities which are in Jones' hands must fall due some time previous to father's drafts and he will always have an immediate resort in case of need. Hopes to show father means of making his payments until 1 October and if not then returned and he needs money if Habgood will supply bills on September sales - part at three months. Customers J Bickers & Co house not supposed to have much capital but in pretty safe way of business and manager an active man. Told William he would not exceed £300 with them, principal confidence from information communicated by TG. Alcock Watkin & Co - in carpentry trade. If they keep to that entirely may be deemed safe. Would limit credit to £300 until clearer look out for trade in general. Writer likes Habgood the best. Probably find four customers on his return. Mr William succeeds in getting orders from people whom he deems perfectly safe for as great an amount as their means will furnish and their means by no means inconsiderable. Better opinion of them doing well than writer has had once they got into difficulties. Mr W's friends have advanced him a handsome sum in cash. 23 Aug, good opinion of AN. Would like to sell them about £100 goods worth. Williams answer to writer's letter of 17th to hand - balance required from Habgoods for Sept £150. Have got from Habgoods £130 cash this day, £39.10s. Cash 11 November and £14019s cash 19 Nov. Shall put cash into James' hands and send bills to William specially endorsed by Habgoods. Some trouble to procure cash but determined to begin system. Father has still a balance in Habgoods. The August sales not made out, not large, about £280. If father can furnish anything from sales of cattle to Mr F [Finch] it will help his banking account and writer should be convenient. If it is not he can do without. Fridays are post days to Heligoland - write care of J & George Morewood here and put at carrier to be forwarded. On return from Heligoland intends to effect an insurance against fire on probably account of father's goods lying at Habgoods during week. If father's newspaper does not come to him, address a line per post to the Editor. Have had no opportunity of calling. - 1811

232 - 5 September 1811 Heligoland. John Longsdon to father. Hope his harvest is completed and that he is enjoying a little partridge shooting. Much pleased with William's correspondence after he left London. Mr G M [Morewood] must be father's neighbourhood - please tell him that writer could not succeed at Harwich in getting any stock for Island consumption - never a ham or tongue for sale in Harwich. Writer has to subsist on produce of island except coffee and sugar which are tolerably cheap and rather intolerably so. Change of air and diet likely to do writer good - change more effectual by him going without his dinner sometimes and shall be more pleased with every day fare when returns home. Health now good. When less engaged in business of their friends, writer will look about him and perhaps buy a parcel of twist at a low rate if he can find any first quality of their numbers. The best 40 hanks sold at 1/9 Carriage to London about 2½d per pound. Shall buy nothing if not good and very low - many buy small lot of raw cotton. Do not write to him in Heligoland. - 1811

233 - 17 September 1811 Harwich. Longsdon to father. Writing in self defence. Packet came in early morning and no conveyance offering to load on until evening; it is some degrees worse than a headwind which costs nothing if one gets nothing by it. Here writer must pay not only for what he eats and drinks but for almost every question he asks. 23 Aug left London. 27th left Harwich. 30th arrived Heligoland. Left island 13th, arrived at Harwich 17th Sept. Expect to arrive in London by this evening's mail which will put writer in at 7 tomorrow morning. (Description of Island). One mile long, 1/8th to ½ of mile across elevated on west 200 feet and some on Southwest 150 ft with one road up from a little sand bank called the Lower Town by a flight of steps. Two thousand people, five or six cows, two hundred sheep, thirty goats and some pigs and may be pleasant to those who like it. Soil very luxuriant. Made no purchases. Good pernambuco cotton offered at 12d per pound. Fine loaf sugar at auction at very low prices. Mutton and beef 1/9 to 2/- pound sterling. Wish father had such a market for his stock. 19th Sept London. TG informs writer of mother's absence from home; pleased; convinced she will benefit. Will wait to hear from father before attempt business. - 1811

234 - 21 September 1811 Father to James Longsdon. Writer has settled many accounts to reciprocal satisfaction. Now taking stock. New man to manage carding which proceeding. Writer approves F [Finch] by regulating machinery produced more work so they can spin nearly whole of their consumption at Longstone. Nothing on sales since he left London. Fear James will find Habgoods not maintained prices he expected but hope they continue to make sales on solid ground. No details from Manchester. William ill. - 1811

235 - 24 September 1811 Manchester. Mother to John. She has been with his Uncle Gardom at Parkgate for bathing and John's sister Katherine with them returned to Manchester last night and unexpectedly found William very weak from a bleeding from his nose. Unable to sit up or use pen for some days and medical attendant says he must use no effort for two or three days more. Have all received benefit from bathing and Uncle hasn't had any of his pain whilst there. He means to be at home tomorrow evening. Writer means to stay a few days here with William as well as spend a few days with Mrs Addison whose kind and friendly disposition John is well acquainted with. Admires situation and comforts of this house; peace and quiet. Has left hurry of harvest and has escaped the Wakes and feels much better. Addendum from William - details of two bales sent to Habgoods on 16th and 23rd. Father just arrived unexpected; sent 15 pieces 9/8 shirtings on to Alcock & Co. - 1811

236 - 25 September 1811 Manchester. Father to John Longsdon. Brother recovering; weaker than writer expected to find him. Agree on propriety of contracting. Can spin etc. at home for as many goods as writer is apprehensive they can find profitable sale for. Writer hopes they can find employment for their own machinery without disadvantages. A bolt to set off.? Mother in good spirits. Observes decline in most manufactured goods except strong velveteens. William agrees on making no more goods than can be done with their own preparation. Thinks prudent to push off or sell as much as possible without improper sacrifice as soon as John can. Spoke with Mr William Jones about drawing on account. Expressed himself without hesitation about writer's solidity. Writer told him the footing meant to draw - it was agreed or rather observed that if they found themselves too much in advance to give writer an intimation. Addendum by William - father's observation to Mr Jones respecting them being under advance were not, writer thinks, so explicit as he intimates but John knows his general manner of speaking on this subject. That he has called on Jones writer is satisfied as he apprehends they shall encounter no little difficulty in earning their means so as to render a loan unnecessary and these people would not he thinks hesitate to advance a few hundred pounds. Their financial concerns are very low and they have some heavy accounts to pay in October. Account with Bickers all drawn except one small sum of £28 or £30 and the account current with that house will be near £260 - John must judge on propriety of going further. Father spoke with TG who doesn't think least not. Writer has few ducks in warehouse, about 20 pieces, offer to B if John likes. - 1811

237 - John Longsdon to father. 25 September 1811 - 1811

238 - 6 October 1811 Finch to John Longsdon. Ten pieces cotton ducks such as No 6458 - two going off tomorrow. Can make ten pieces gray this month - how soon they reach London depends on bleacher and John's brother William. Only two reeds that will make them. Cost price, grey, 11d of a yard. Will now be from ½ to 1d lower. Bleaching (he believes) 1/3 a piece - 1/- John thinks sure article for trade, can make ten to twenty pieces weekly. Addendum from father. Approve of insuring stock. Sun Fire Office say new policy necessary that no charge for it but business best done in London. George Morewood will give John his opinion when he comes to town. Finch calculating to make 80 pieces a week - this week's production 148 and many more broad ones. Shall be pinched for money for some time and shall send William about £60 of his own and draw him £100 on Jones for Gardom which writer hopes he will find sufficient for all Tuesday's calls. - 1811

239 - 8 October 1811 John Longsdon to Finch. Letter of 5th to hand. Pleased stock taking better. By steadily adhering to manufacture of articles for home consumption which his weavers understand, his business will be a profitable one. Writer has incurred various charges, expenses for which Finch must reimburse him. Credit it him £5 in his father's account exclusive of postage and he will be no gainer. E Robert & Co if current shall be laid before them first time writer can go about it, so settlement made. Thomas Ward account likewise. Father, William and Finch unnecessarily alarmed. Has seen so many of these alarms that hears of them with no emotion now; writer firmly believes no cause for uneasiness. William's selling to Potter at the price he did most weak impolitic measure writer thinks him guilty of. Writer has clearly said before that whenever the system of getting to Potters the grey should be recommended. Writer would immediately decline all further interference. He sold the 57 pieces too low by 10% and exposed Finch's poverty and his ill judgement into the bargain. Finch's shirtings much esteemed and Alcock and Co have orders for them before they come in constantly for country customers. 5/4 and 6/4 not full width or would have gone off like the 9/8. Writer has just received letter of 6th about Ducks. Has sent William an order for them at 12d to Alcock Watkin & Co. If Finch can make then regularly at 10½ grey - but writer apprehends he cannot unless he can get some double twist made low in Lancashire. If he can make them at 10½ grey, make 10 a week. Of the narrow Ducks, Finch has made 10 times as many as writer had any idea he would from the repeated assurance he had that they were given up excepting those already bought. They have been a very traditional article from Finch. Urging sales all he can with Habgood and Co and hopes to render a decent account for October. In meantime, hopes to supply what bills he wants by insisting on compliance with original agreement which was to have bills when wanted by paying interest. William knew when he sacrificed a week's make of goods to raise £70. Wishes to be informed more immediately of Finch's stock taking - entirely in every particular and wants description and valuation of stock of his debtors and creditors so writer can see how Finch's capital employed. - 1811

240 - 9 October 1811 John Longsdon to mother. Writer hears from [George Morewood] that she arrived home improved in health, Katie particularly so. Wishes she, Bessy were coming. Has got his rooms now painted and papered, is really quite smart. Hopes very much to see her next spring. If she can get cloth in her neighbourhood, will send shirt. If she wants him to get cloth, let him know by Mr [George Morewood]. Wants half a dozen cotton stockings from her brother G G, same sort he let T G have at 2/6 per pair. Wants these much and deferred buying them because cost him 1/6 a pair more in same quality. William can forward them if she will get them run in the heel before they go to Manchester. Expects news when Mr G M arrives. If he doesn't make her neighbourhood more pleased it is a pity he left this - for it is much less so to writer than it used to be. Please send basket of poultry - wishes to present some to W Whateley and Mrs Ballard having received great civilities from each of these families. Please ask Mrs G M to send Mrs B through Mr G the little boy's measurements to have some clothes made from - frocks. John Barker still at Northampton and likes the services. - 1811

241 - 10 or 11 October 1811 Father to John Longsdon - 1811

243 - 16 October 1811 John Longsdon to father. Sorry quotation from William's letter about patterns for Willson upset him; wrote to William under strain of moment; writer's feelings for father never waiver. Thinks it likely he may introduce father's goods to Puckle & Co on Mr William's getting the patterns. Received mother's letter and hamper and much obliged to her and James and thanks Mr Barker for his hare. Agree 7/8 shirtings must be curtailed. Habgoods doing utmost to sell shirtings. Pleased about James & Co. Profit on stock taking small, but considering amount of business, reasonable. Will see to insurance - £800 should be covered for 6 months - will call on printer of father's paper and ask him if he means to improve on type. Tomorrow will send William £198. - 1811

244 - 22 October 1811 John Longsdon to firm. Thinks he can find customers for ducks from double twist if can be made for 10½d gray and for some 9/8 made from their double twist which preferred to those from single twist. If they can get strong double twist at 2/4 lb they can start 9/8 shirtings in reeds which now make 5/4 which need not interfere with the common sort for Alcock, Watkin & Co. What do 6/4, 9/8 and 5/4 cost per piece - saying they cost "about so much a yard" no guide. Wishes to know how many shillings a piece will stand to them Writer can form a judgement what they ought to bring - length at 31 yards. Very few goods sold for October; can promise funds until December without encroachment on their banker. Fewer 7/8 shirtings they make the better - but do not damn themselves and turn off the weavers hastily whom in a few weeks they may wish they had kept employed. Finch to tell writer when various sums on Bickers come due as he means to limit credit to about £300 though he thinks their house is doing business well and steadily. Find debt of M L & Co taken at 2/6 - last March if writer is correct taken at 2/-. Glad old ducks to be dropped. Long consumed capital, time and expense and never paid one shilling. Manufacture of D T shirting rendered desirable from circumstance of weaver being under no necessity to use dressing on the warp which must keep them more honest and be of no disadvantage to the goods. Never been informed how they draw on Alcock & Co and wonder no advice of drafts handed to writer. If they write to them there - giving unnecessary trouble to both parties and expense. Addendum to father. Afraid he does not intend to come to London and very sorry; change would do him good. Expects to find John Barker at his lodgings tonight or tomorrow on way to Portsmouth for embarkation. - 1811

245 - 26 October 1811 Finch to John Longsdon. Quick visit to Manchester - trade very flat, cottons and twist pretty steady - got little twist for Gordons 6d a bundle lower - Mr William called on Tuesday and has taken samples of some white goods. Spoke very highly of prices and pieces to Longsdon's uncles saying he had never seen any better anywhere. Hope 7/8 shirtings sold soon that they may avoid parting with some good weavers - turned many off and still keep reducing them daily - notwithstanding they do not make so few pieces in proportion as at this time of year weavers work uncommon hard. Will attend to what Longsdon says about double twist duck but thinks it scarcely possible to improve on some they have in the work house. Has re-examined stock taking accounts and found errors - balance now in their favour £264. 3s 8½d ML & Cos debt taken at 2/-. Writer said 2/6 and made a mistake. Cannot get double twist at less than 2/8 per pound. Prices of pieces 9/8 piece 31 yds £1.8s6d) Yd wide" 31 £1.12s0d) grey 5/4 30½ £1.13s0d) slate 6/4 30 £1.17s3d) Bills running on Bickers. 6 Aug due 9 Nov £95. 2 Sept due 5 Dec £73.4s. Cannot say what goods since stock taking because day book at Manchester. All know undrawn for is £27.14s6d will be drawn for in a few days at 2 nos. Writer has only drawn one bill £40.15s on Alcock due 18 Nov. Drawing three bills today on them £102.15s on all. If anything in Alcock's account concerning wrappers please rectify. Two people from Lancashire repairing mules. When finished, expects to make good weft and moderate prices. Addendum from father - William and Addison returned from shooting trip to Duckmanton - sent John Longsdon from Heath on Hope coach on 24th. Two brace partridge, hare and pheasant. Wishes he could come to London. William not quite resumed strength. - 1811

246 - 11 Nov 1811 Father to John Longsdon - Reluctant to give news - did not expect stagnation in shirtings and saw prospect when trade got into any tolerable way that by John's exertion would be in line to meet market with advantage and to John and William. Sent Finch to Manchester on Tuesday on account of William's illness - did not and could not sell piece of any description. Says John has written to William cautioning him against selling any of the gray through fear he should sacrifice from an apprehension of shortages of money. Self apprehensive of stagnation - yet does not despair. Supposes John informed by William how their payments stand at Manchester. Wishes John would write to him direct as to how he is situated for supplying him. Respects to Mr George, Morewood and accords with John's advice about using his permission to draw - if proper opportunity occurs thank him. Finch returned from Manchester on Wednesday with indifferent account of William's health. Two men repairing mules here already a fortnight - expect as long again. Sale of fat cattle suddenly and unexpectedly stagnant as shirtings. - 1811

247 - London, John Longsdon to father - 15 Nov 1811

248 - 24 November 1811 Islington. John Longsdon to mother. Letter by Mr Wissman who leaves for Harwich on 3 or 6 Dec will come again to England in Spring. Writer will send old shirt as pattern for new. Wants two or three made from Mr Finch's Cotton Shirting for nightshirts as soon as possible before winter far advanced. General health good - trouble with coughs, headaches almost gone but still feels effect of thump he got so many years ago beside his right ear - pain brought on by uncommon exercise or emotion. Not coming to Derbyshire at Christmas - console self with mother's visit in Spring. Not yet written to father - will he object to mother and Bessy leaving him with so young a housekeeper. 25 Nov. Thanks for handsome present of poultry which are very fine indeed. Best respects to Uncle G Gardom and thanks him for hare which Thomas and writer made a course of. Trying stockings through and finding better than a pair or two of the first promised. Shall keep them and he must make John an allowance for damaged ones. Comments on local news. Promises to attend to hats for sisters. Enquire at Angel Inn, Chesterfield, Saturday next for a barrel of oysters addressed to father to be sent off on Thursday by Leeds mail. - 1811

249 - 25 November 1811 Islington. John Longsdon to father. Thanking him for attentions to friend Wissman. Letter borne by Mr Morewood. Firm to be altered next year and own employ to be somewhat changed but finds self advancing and his situation a more important one. General health very good. Notes father has drawn £150 on R Gell - made remittances to William and meant to have sent Habgoods accounts. Sales for month tomorrow - but their book keeper has had an accident. £400 from 7/8 shirtings at 11d. Expects an advance. Cotton will not be under 15d - only fear father's great anxiety about business - by which health and happiness suffer. Sorry William had relapse - must be very careful this winter. Sunday three quires excellent letter paper to Finch and two quires for mother's and such as like this he writes on - not as good as expects, very low, 1/3 per quire. Hopes more fortunate in selling off stock of fat cattle. Wheat 5/- per quarter lower today. - 1811

250 - 30 November Longsdon. Father to John Longsdon. Delighted with letter and news. Considers speculation in twist. At present price of raw materials their articles cannot be made as they now calculate them. Sorry about William's relapse; without the intelligence from him writer wishes and expected. - 1811

251 - 7 December 1811 London. John Longsdon to father. Their manufacturing affairs coming fast to crisis when expedient to judge whether to make goods at all will be prudent. Cotton already 16d at Liverpool - expected to keep its price. Twist is advancing and unless goods get up in the same proportion writer would not make them - must wait a little to see and likewise to know whether speculation in cotton can keep it up. President's speech betrays enmity to England and weakness of his own country. Does not think United States much better off than Holland. Not pressing sales at Habgoods thinking that goods must advance in January - if needs money, draw £150 remaining of G H offered - better than sacrificing goods. Memorandum to mother. Shall not want any shirts made from cotton as he has got a few made here from some of their own manufacture to sleep in. Cough almost better. - 1811

252 - 14 December 1811 London. John Longsdon to father. Twist has got higher but cotton met with a check; thinks will find it difficult to get 16d. Cannot easily go above as large importations must flow in when advance known in States. Do not expect to do much good if they must pay 16d and 2/4 for twist. No-one will buy anything until January is well in therefore they must be quiet. Mr Finch pays attention to qualities - by far most important thing. 9/8 shirtings are a favourite and will go off well. Writer has not interfered with Thomas Ward's acceptance for £30 - of course it reverts back. They are not much hurt in his fall. Lesson to John (?) not to do business with anyone who is not in strict sense a "man of business". Asks how are cattle. Smithfield reports considerable advance in price of beef this week. Meant to see Duke of Bedford's show of cattle today but could not get out. May do so on Monday. Will advise on sales next week. - 1811

253 - 20 December 1811 Father to John Longsdon. Just heard from William wanting remittances for accounts brought in - saying John has recommended the purchase of twist. He has brought 50 bundles at 2/2 and could get no more at that price. Cotton is flatter, thinks cotton more likely to keep its price than twist. Hopes John will be able to send William £200 in two bills - unwilling to ask George Morewood for more at present. Good opinion of new spinner but thinks Mr Finch does not see him altogether in the light he ought. E L acknowledges barrel of oysters which came fresh and good on Saturday evening. - 1811

254 - London. John Longsdon to mother. Forgot to send shirt pattern with Mr G - apologises that no new hats appear - not weather for men's hats, this damp air quite spoils them. Will try to send them on Thursday. Habgood Evans and Browne known by JL & Co offered to send barrel of oysters to writer's address, directed them to his father to go on 26 Thursday by Leeds Mail carriage paid. Last barrel was Mr Wissmann's present. Writer has to get some small things for Mrs Barker, will try to get them all off by Leeds Mail and her carrier can bring them all to Longsdon. Mrs B receive them on Sunday. Advises her to attend Bakewell Assemblies. Offered two tickets for Hackney Assemblies - declined on grounds of cold. Does she think father would object to her and Bessy coming to see writer? Does she think Miss Morewood would come to town to pay a visit about the same time? Spent Sunday at Mr Mackmurdos. She would not be surprised at him falling in love there if she knew the family - but if writer ever so much inclined he dare not while he sees so much difficulty in getting bread and cheese. Family news. 21 December 1811 - 1811

255 - J Peake at Longroom Barracks near Plymouth to James Longsdon at Longsdon. Just returned from drill - writing how engaged since leaving Longsdon. Journey longer than anticipated - 350 miles from Manchester. Barracks on hill top - would be very pleasant in summer, but now suffer from bad weather. The late alteration in militia has caused resignation of Major and his brother Captain Ashton. Writer's cousin has received the majority and one of Lieutenants will have a company. Should James like to occupy the vacant one? Complement of Regiment 853 but not yet complete. Seven battalion companies, two rifles and one light infantry company and during absence of Lord Stanley is commanded by Colonel Wilson. Inspected last month by Major General Thomas in presence of General England. Men elated - pay increased considerably for last two months. Cannot stop them getting drunk off duty. Notice fewer jackets turned on parade and less occasion for clogs every day. Regiments in this garrison are the Cheshire, Shropshire, First Somerset, Devonshire, Glaswegan, Second Lancashire and Roscommon Irish just arrived, the artillery and marines. News of dinners. 22 December 1811 - 1811

256 - 29 December London. John Longsdon to father. Mr G Morewood means to mention necessity for journey by John to Heligoland, actual danger not so much an objection as unpleasant season of year. Should go and return by Packet as before. Will send William circa £200 on Monday when Habgood and Co willing to give writer £500 - hopes will see them into times when solid property can be converted into money. Still expects an advance in January in price of goods but Manchester people in very low spirits, not doing any business there. Would continue present system for a month and then see what sort of a lookout they have. Smithfield market kept up advanced prices for beef and mutton. Would like to know how father's grazing affairs progress but know not how to find it out. Father could have drawn £150 on George Morewood with perfect propriety but do as he thinks proper.

257 - 15 December, 28 and 30 December, 1811 Longsdon. Mother to John Longsdon. Glad better but disturbed by news of how uncommonly cough affected health. All much obliged by paper. Put a shirt in box with his sister's hats which they are expecting very soon. Be particular in directions about shirts for cloth is beautiful, she expects them to be made as well as they can. She expects they must be ruffled. Thanks for Wissmann's oysters. 28 Dec. Busy but find time to read the newspapers and play a rubber - have not missed five nights since Mr Wissmann was here. Sociable. Likes Mrs Barrow. Local news. Has asked Mrs Morewood who when her brother was in London thought she would like to pay a visit - but now it would be so different she should not feel at home. Expects father to make many objections about proposed visit and her disposition not to enjoy what he would disapprove. Pleasure that Mr Morewood says John may probably come to Longsdon in February. 30 Dec. Father has consulted her on probability of John going to Heligoland. Does not like it but would never prevent him doing his duty. Will trust in providence. James (brother) spent much time away from home of late - goes often to Ashford especially during time Miss Harriet Barker was there. Very friendly with Barkers - dines with them and goes to Assembly tonight. Father to Bakewell this afternoon and stays to Assembly. Weather too bad for her. Mrs Barker's box arrived - but disappointed no hats - expects them to be very smart when also arrive. Many many happy returns tomorrow, 31 Dec. - 1811

258 - 9 January 1812 Father to John Longsdon. Moved by letter of 5 Jan. Needs to make sales as soon as possible on tolerable terms. Has looked at the ledger. Finds considerable more payments due in late January and February than expected. A little curtailment made of late - but a little because whatever Mr Finch holds out on this head it is no easy matter to get him to do it. State of manufacture here better than writer has ever known it, particularly the preparation part. Likes man in place of old Pendleton - some attention to cleanliness in order. If trade as it used to be, he would be valuable acquisition. Mr Finch has put writer down the prime cost in the grey at present price of cotton and twist 7/8 9¼d yard wide 13d 5/4 15d 6/4 17d. Double twist sheetings 15½d, ducks 12½d. Need sales but do not tempt Habgood though to sell to doubtful houses. Finch has drawn for £22.13s on Roberts for balance of account with him. Bill at a month payable to Geo Brushfield. There is still an interest account which John must settle. Ward has turned out badly. Expenses on returned bill is one guinea besides interest. Will be disappointed of money on his cousin Longsdon's affairs - no time for explanation - so hurt writer to tell him unpleasant things that greatly in arrears on that head. Hopes he won't have to go to Heligoland. - 1812

259 - 15 January Father to John Longsdon. Anxious to hear concerning finances for now the want of money is more serious matter than he is willing to own. J B has seemed desirous of buying the little estate left by his late cousin at Wardlow but now writer perceives disappointment in that quarter. Letter from William comparing their trading situation now and last year - much in favour of present because stock now hold more saleable. Pleased because understand Habgood December sales very small. John must exert self to discover trend of market. If not clear tendency to advance, something must be sold in best manner it can be. Local news - compliments to Mr George Morewood. Meal for hasty pudding forwarded by Pickford waggon from Chesterfield on Tuesday last. From mother - request for shirt and hats. All much rejoiced John does not go to Heligoland. P.S. Father. Failure of Baldro's House most seriously felt in Yorkshire. Self likely to be a sufferer for £200. Habgoods oysters received.

260 - 17 January 1812 Thomas Barker at Hayton Castle to James Longsdon, Longsdon. Enclosing £20 on cousin Longsdon's account. Approves payment half yearly and will try to remit so in future. - 1812

261 - 30 January Father to John Longsdon. Pressure for money. William wants more than expected at this time. £150 on Messrs Morewoods due 19th next month - must avail self of Mr George Morewood's kind offer to advance on bills. Bill John sent to William he could not place with Jones because of long date, so wants bills to keep the account something in Jones' favour. Writer's cold continues and obstinate. Finch cannot give information J. wants as Day Book kept in Manchester but thinks Habgood had in hand counting broad ones sent on 7th of last month. 771 pieces 7/8 shirtings 1645 1½ yards 10 pieces 9/8 shirtings 37 pieces 5/4 shirtings 1983 17 pieces 6/4 shirtings 27 cotton ducks 942 12 callicos 336½ 8 gonca card 433½ But not sure until called account over with William.

262 - 5 February 1812 Islington. John Longdon to mother; sorry about colds, has had cough but is much better. Hats sent off and not so fashionable as the Regency Hats, but more becoming. Shirt is a fair sample of writers except a few, so want them as soon as they can be well made. Mr George Morewood wants John to deter visit north until after GM's return to town - probably in spring - pleased because wants to make progress in father's business which really needs attention now. Things are bad but may clear expects quiet in a few weeks. William doing all he can, writer is quite satisfied with his attention to the concern. Very busy, looking forward to visit home, bring her and Bessy with him. 7 Feb. melancholy letter from William which will hasten his visit north as things completely out of order among his managing people. Gossip. Long messages. In Mr Morewood's parcel per waggon is a pair of William's shoes which please keep for him. Long letter from John Barker with remembrances. - 1812

263 - 9 February 1812 Father to John Longsdon. Not well but not left without fortitude. Hopes to improve comforts. Sees flattering prospects for John and William; hopes both possessed of virtue and integrity - will carry them through the worst of times with safety. Thanks for apples and bank notes. Send more as convenient. 8 or 10 would be more convenient when writer buys cattle with them. Does not mean to buy most of feeding cattle until mid or late April. Thinks of sending his James into Lancashire - will pay by bill mostly but some notes needed for odd ones or strangers. Price of lean cattle now too high for prudent buying. Most likely to pick up more than a few locally. Finch says making too many broad pieces unless they can be sold readily at an advance. 55 pieces came from Monyash on Thursday - mostly broads but stouter and better made. Mrs Shaw has drawn her bill on William Whateley dated 25 Aug at one month payable to writer. Letter from William in receipt of John's letter with a bill for 169.9. Wants two bills which writer will send him. Advice on sheeting because if unsaleable will be an heavy article. Kate poorly - cough. - 1812

264 - 13 February 1812 Mother to John Longsdon. Take care of himself; wear flannel under his shirts. Looking forward to visit. Saturday - Father still poorly not been out for a week when caught fresh cold. Mr Milland was there that day and thought it necessary to bleed him. Sent for Mr Milland again on Thursday but he suffers under a rheumatic complaint and cannot come down. Mr Richard Walther sent for this morning but is going from home and cannot come. Sunday - Father seems better - Mr George Morewood will visit him this afternoon. Hats received - sisters like them very much indeed; walking in garden in them. Will repay John when he comes. Had, serious talk with Mrs Barker which will relate when she sees him. Monday - Father better thinks himself better. - 1812

265 - 20 February Father to John Longsdon. Thanking for letter of 14th. Feels free of fever but very weak - anxious about settlement of affairs. George Morewood will be an executor. Will see Mr Bossley as soon as well enough. Mean to leave John, William jointly the whole of his concerns in trade, the entire property of all buildings annexed thereto wherever situated, also all houses or other buildings belonging to writer at Great Longsdon with whole of capital on Trade at death. Hopes to be better when John comes.

266 - 25 February 1812 Father to John Longsdon acknowledging most affectionate, kind and disinterested letter of 22nd which writer showed to George Morewood. Glad he is postponing visit until May - overjoyed with thoughts of "having you with me in the Drake season". Social chit chat - Mother gone to the Cliffe. Hope William coming tomorrow. Pleased John concluded the bargain for the 300 pieces presuming they are going to a safe house. The times are critical. Finch increasing the super 7/8 - stouter and look excellent. - 1812

267 - 3 March 1812 Father to John Longsdon. Warned by William's letter about John's health and frequent headaches. Mother thinks writer should not mention it to Mr M [Morewood] as John will be free to come to them when John thinks best and writer thinks warmer weather may be better for John. Looking forward to seeing John kill a fish with the Drake. 5 March. Letter from William regarding purchase of 14 bags of cotton at 16¾d - William too precipitate. Last he bought was bad in quality which is worse than price being too high. No calculating harm a single bad bag can do in a manufactory situated as theirs. Surprised at John writing to William in a strong manner, not so much as a hint in writer's correspondence. Mr M [Morewood], writer see no signs of advance but rather contrary and share strong apprehension of an American War. Details of accounts with J Becker & Habgoods. Bill drawn by Finch on 13 of last month on Alcock for £45.7s at 3 months. - 1812

268 - 8 March 1812 John Longsdon to mother - visit postponed until May. What was conversation with Mrs Barker? Make coffee very good indeed - buy best article raw, getting it roasted and making it himself in a Biggin. If she wants a coffee biggin which costs 9/- let writer know, he will bring one with him as well as some coffee - 16d per 1b best Dutch raw coffee. Family visit to Doctor W - wife's family well - remembrances. Note to Bessy - want a good breakfast every morning and cannot get good eggs - will she collect about 8 dozen - say a hundred in pack sawdust in such a box as he sent the apples down in and to him at No 5, Pannal Lane by coach from Chesterfield. Thomas Gardam and writer would enjoy them very much. - 1812

269 - Father to John Longsdon: just returned from warehouse. Finch going to Manchester to take stock. Pleased with John's intention of corresponding more directly with him and hope it will have effect desired. Notes remarks on late cotton purchase; wishes William to be amply impressed with necessity of buying very best quality in present state of manufacturing connections. Old shirtings in great measure dropped - what John has substituted he thinks more likely to meet present demand, hopes will succeed, but change of Weavers, new reed etc he must calculate as loss; does not mean to throw cold water on it. Approves and feels much satisfaction in John's plan of getting a set of respectable customers. Worried about John's health. Mr George Morewood gone to Liverpool. Thanks for Courier; favourable report of conciliation in America will help present dull market. Last report of Cotton from Lancashire very dull. Has John heard anything from William of a dividend in Mr P. Longsdon's affairs? Disappointed that nothing heard yet. Said that Ward's commission would be superseded. 14 March

270 - 14 March 1812 R Finch to John Longsdon - means to stocktake in Manchester on Monday - leave there Wednesday evening or very early Thursday am. Comments on Habgood pieces. Hopes John will do all can to sell old stock of Fustians. Elizabeth to brother. John. Will execute commission as soon as possible. Either this Saturday or next. Apples and tea received well and much appreciated. - 1812

271 - 18 March 1812 Father to John Longsdon. Sorry John refused offer for cards of 18d for he would have had an unexceptionable bill at 2 months. Unacquainted with quality, suppose them to be principally thick or other of lower cards made for American market. Writing to Manchester to send him information tonight. Mother visiting her brother in Bubnell for 2 or 3 days. - 1812

272 - 25 March 1812 Father to John Longsdon. Depressed at state of trade. Bad effects of inferior cotton purchased by William now apparent; will occasion loss in credit, customers as well as in pecuniary matters. Fear William does not possess judgement, abilities John so affectionately attributes to him. John to exert himself to dispose of cords - but not to a dubious house. Wishes he may get 17d for them of a good one. Fear Mr P. Longsdon's dividend distant & precarious. Tuesday - William better - because of illness regular stocktaking, dispatch of orders neglected. Now have upwards of 500 pieces of white goods in warehouse in Manchester at a time when spring trade used to be at zenith. No sale or worse than none. Political matters seem in a conspiracy against manufacturers. Much better in health; the weather's poor, snow daily. Obliged to cut roads - easterly winds and snow pinch the poor lambs though loss at present less than expected. Note from Bess about difficulty in getting eggs but will despatch box on Saturday. - 1812

273 - 26 March Father to John Longsdon. Seem to be getting into an unfriendly situation with Habgoods - which most unconvenient. Use every exertion to get them to make sales as soon as possible. Wishes they may obtain 11d for the Common Shirtings & Bills at a reasonable date. Will need £700 for purchasing cattle soon - many debts in Manchester now due. John has settled matters with Patterson & Smith like a prudent tradesman - hope William well enough to execute order in satisfactory matter. Severe weather stopped their carriers going to Manchester this week - the goods are lodged in writer's cart house. Wants hint how Morewood's stand in money matters. 10 different articles now being made in factory.

274 - 7 April 1812 Father to John Longsdon via Mr George Morewood William rode over on Friday and returned yesterday - a very fine day. Hope ride will do him good, health much disordered and memory far from clear. Medical Person who attends him advises exercise on horseback. Told William of John's intended remittances to be put in Jones' hands and hopes to hear from him soon - for writer shall need to draw freely on Joes at present. Will give John more details of cash notes he is to have from HE, B, GM willing for writer to make payment of sums drawn on them convenient to writer. Times so bad that will regard no loss at stocktaking with great satisfaction. - 1812

275 - Father to John. Thanks for letter of 3rd. Expecting to hear from William of receipt and lodging with Jones of bill of £496.11s due 5 July he sent him. Accounts from Manchester of trade alarming. Do all he can to dispose of 7/8 shirtings in London at most moderate diminution in price at which it can be done to indubitable houses. Considerably more money due this month and next than writer expected also more probability of stagnation in trade than advance. Mr George Morewood told writer on Tuesday that it might be necessary for John to go to Heligoland in May when writer had planned for him to come to Longstone and hinted John would be at liberty soon after his arrival in town. John to postpone his visit to parents until after his return. John to go as soon as necessary and hope voyage will improve health. William Hulley just came from New York here yesterday with news of good health of Mr Ernest Morwood's family. Coming to London in few days. Writer has examined cross bow - in worse condition than expected. Lent it to a gentleman who returned it with a broken string - but as he says he can get it put in order, and think of sending by Mr Hulley. Wants John to send £200 in bank paper from HE & B in sums of £10 each - whole if possible, if not £150 or £100. Hopes William's memory will improve with health. - 9 Apr 1812

276 - 11 April 1812 - 1812

277 - Letter from William Longsdon to Messrs James Longsdon & Co, Longsdon, Stoney Middleton, Derbyshire - 27 Apr 1812

278 - Father to John Longsdon - in receipt of his letter of 15 enclosing £200 in banknotes of £10 each and probable postponement of journey to 23rd. Easterly winds are as bad for writer's farming concerns as they are for John's voyage - hopes will change and be propitious for both. John has kept his promise in fulfilling hope of sales at this crisis so acceptably; will reply to business matters another time. - 18 Apr 1812

279 - Father to John Longsdon - pleased to receive his letter of 20th announcing suspension of voyage to Heligoland. Surprised and agitated by letter of 18th especially as John very lately observed that time he hoped would ere long arrive that writer should be repaid for having so long persevered in an unsuccessful business - refers to John to writer's reply that it has been attented with the unpleasantness John described now writer knows self feels - but is sure that it is and is so not a reasonable time for abruptly stopping the business. Contract it as much as the losing part of it can be, surely William and Finch from the situation things are now put into and by John's assistance may do a little to keep matters on right side. Writer has not discovered any dishonest practices in Mr Finch - feel for unpleasant situation into which his large family would be thrown if the works were abruptly stopped, as well as consideration of what writer's own loss would be - crisis at which it would not redound to writer's own reputation which he hopes will never be unsullied (sic). Has been unlucky and would have done tolerably well considering the times - viz an earlier sale of 7/8 shirtings, the finished card, William buying machines, his late purchases of cotton not being as good as should. Do not mean to reproach but to hint what might have been the case in present bad times if more fortunate circumstances had happened. Letter from William yesterday mentioning receipt of one from John with enclosure for brother James who sets out tomorrow via Manchester on his Lancaster journey. Jones acknowledges receipt of £190 in London to their credit. William communicates an order from John for Mr Bickers. Details of some small bills which is a little cheering. Mr Finch to be at Manchester on Monday, Tuesday to examine particulars which goods are on hand and their qualities, return to Longsdon on Wednesday and come to him in London as soon as possible to clear up all accounts which will be best done personally and he will have opportunity of informing him and elucidating the information by showing him the articles, pointing out the trade they are for and introducing him where it appears necessary and proper as circumstances occur. Please let writer have comments by Monday night's post. - 23 Apr 1812

280 - Father to John Longsdon at Morewood and Forsyth condoling with him for poor John Barker - no feelings at Bubnell so poignant as John's. Pleased John concurs in propriety of Finch journeying etc. Will set out on Sunday morning on Nelson Coach and sleep that night at Leicester. Expect him Tuesday. Glad John can accommodate him - opportunity of every conversation augurs favourably for business - season for planning. John's hints to Manchester of forwarding goods already put in execution - but cannot be too cautious in interfering with Habgood's connections - writer has not hinted to Finch of John's proposals of 18th for giving up concern. Surely they can strike out something to employ William, Mr Finch's family, without disadvantage in their present situations - more creditable than giving up whole concern. Writer has not misunderstood his meaning to do everything for writer's honour, care and comfort. Be assured that John is most dear to writer's heart. If business can be carried on with good grounds of success much consolation to writer, but do not mean to persevere in it to destruction of family. - 30 Apr 1812

281 - 2 May 1812 Father to John Longsdon at Islington and M & F, Pinsons Lane Cheapside, London by Mr Finch. New pressure by the Goatley concerns communicated suddenly last night yet magnified greatly by delay. Writer's loss will be greater than any idea of, but writer does not despair. Mr Finch knows past - but writer does not wish it communicated. Serlo has acted a part writer is ashamed of giving a name to when speaking of a person who bears that of Longsdon. Bring the crossbow if repaired - end of month time for rookshooting - writer would have great pleasure in seeing and instructing John but particularly in bringing one down after John had missed which has been the case with partridge. - 1812

282 - 10 May 1812 Islington. John Longsdon to Mother. Pleasure in parents' health and happiness - own loss of friend Barker: scheme for visiting them again delayed - now depends of Mr Morewood's arrangement. If he stays in Derbyshire till harvest writer should not like to come just then - the season would be not for writer to be much out of doors. Finch arrived and if he gets well away won't want to come to London again while writer is there. Wants to send Roses etc. into Derbyshire. Mr Barr, the nursery and seedsman, says it is much too late - they would have no advantage until next spring and probably all die - expect wonderful fine things in the fall of the year. Local gossip: neighbour will perhaps say writer looks it, but is not invalid. Has been somewhat unwell but now much better. 12 May - Shocked to hear of murder of Prime Minister. - 1812

283 - 11 May 1812 Father to John Longsdon. Need his delicate touch and proper advice on very unfortunate circumstances at Goatley alleviate. Conduct of Serlo and of writer's brother which has been and is imprudent in the highest degree poignant with sorrow. Writer has to add that he fears imprudence will be too mild a term for that of the former. Folly of writer's brother leaving home almost unparalleled and totally destroys any chance of restoring Order and adopting steps necessary to render Serlo's schemes less pernicious. Letter received by a house in Sheffield from Serlo dated Dublin 15 of the last month but far from satisfactory. No trace of writer's only brother. Firmness and activity both necessary - writer means to do best he can taking integrity for his guide. John's proposal that William and Mr F [Finch] to manage Manchester concern without troubling him with it - if it can be done with propriety, safety, shall feel a happiness he has long been a stranger to in Manchester concerns, but from the depressed state of the market and the low prices Mr Finch has been obliged to make sales. Writer is apprehensive that John has altered his opinion of this concern for the worse since 2nd of this month. Hopes Mr E with John's assistance will obtain sufficient knowledge of such goods as suit London market, perhaps obtain a few permanent orders. Rejoiced John did not accept Mr Morewood's offer of coming to see them and return 20th of this month from bustle of getting in cattle and unfortunate circumstances that have happened, the long anticipated joy would have been turned into regret. - 1812

284 - 16 May Father to John Longsdon. Unfortunate circumstances continue to accumulate - view with satisfaction sales made since Mr Finch with John. Mr F mentions John's proposal to send to Manchester for 7/8 shirtings etc and him to remain in London until all sold. Writer cannot acquiesce - necessary Finch return as soon as possible after arranging about goods already in hand. If possible procure a bill to be given to Mr Morewood before he leaves John. Any acceptances which Finch can get before he leaves John to be placed in Jones' hands. See sales to Bickers with pleasure. Farming tinged with Trade's malignant influence. Lean stock too dear for ordinary profit. John's brother not very successful in his Lancaster purchases. Meeting a dealer at Ashbourne on Wednesday to fill up the pastures. With letter to Finch. Sales not very satisfactory but relief if sold to safe and solid persons - and much better than expected. Finish business in hand and come home quickly. His family well.

285 - 26 May 1812 John Longsdon to Mother - Finch brings spectacles with a new nose piece or saddle 4/6. Delightful weather. Going to the play this evening with 4 or 5 young ladies. - 1812

286 - Copy letter from Lieutenant Colonel J Wilson at Peroa, Portugal, to J Longsdon on death in action at Badajos of Ensign Barker - volunteered for Forlorn Hope which battle plan did not allow - forward in attack, amongst first to mount the breach. Nearly gained top when shot through body. 26 May 1812 - 1812

287 - 15 June 1812 Longsdon, at 5 Pancras Lane, to Messrs Greenwood and Co. Enquiry how to recover trunks and accoutrements of Ensign Barker of 48th Foot killed at Badajos endorsed with Greenwood and Co's advice to apply to Paymaster of Battalion, Mr Hughes, by letter addressed to Portugal. - 1812

288 - 9 July 1812 Camp near Villa Verde. J..... F..... Hughes, Paymaster, 48th Foot. Only part of pay had been issued - effects as usual on service auctioned. Produce when collected will be paid into Hughes' hands for remittance to relatives. Knows nothing of £8.15s embarkation allowance - details of forage allowance. Barker entitled to pay to the day of his death. - 1812

289 - 2 September 1812 John Barker at Bubnell to John Longsdon. Puzzled by contents of paymaster's letter. Thinks demand for £8.15s which John said was due to him before he left England should be demanded at War Office and of Mr Greenwood who is General Agent for Army. An ex-Officer has volunteered to help and Barker will accept if John and his brother did not succeed. John spent more than £200 after he left College besides his pay - thinks some vestiges of it should be returned to them. If John is not in England hopes his brother William will let writer know results of any application to Offices in London. Wishes John prosperous journey. Children all from home. - 1812

290 - J Barker, S. Johns College, Cambridge, 10 Kal. Julii 1808 to his old companion and friend J Longsdon. - 1808

291 - 30 May 1812 Ralph Finch at Longsdon to John Longsdon. Arrived Thursday - news of Uncle Thomas and family much worse than was expected. Cannot learn of John's arrival from Ireland. Goods sent from Manchester to their order before writer left London to be delivered to Messrs Habgood, Evans and Brown unless John can dispose of them better - instruct them as to lowest prices can be sold at. Aware of difficulty of obtaining necessary advances under present bad trade. Sending a few packs to Poole, Stocks and Barker to divide risk. William wants to see writer at Manchester - go next Monday and return Wednesday with Father to John at Goatley. Father and two sons equal in folly if not in guilt - waiting for Mr Morewood's return from Liverpool in this matter. Agreeable to plan of William and Finch managing business on reduced scale - wishes it was in practice. - 1812

292 - 2 June 1812 John Longsdon to Mother. Thanks for letters and birthday wishes. Price of cotton writer sent her not extravagant, less than 19d a yard - cannot promise to get her any more of same kind but if wanted will try. Colour no object - choice of 20 sorts. William Whateley's affairs not yet settled. Dr has purchased his house and Warehouse from former Creditors but does not know how to support them. Mrs W has £140 per annum - useful but inadequate. Writer has pointed out impracticability of partnership proposed. George Whateley says John Longsdon is leaving them; refused to go to Lisbon except on own conditions - expected partnership - or to England except on same terms - foolish obstinacy. Principal fault lies in travelling for if FW represents him fairly much too dilatory in counting house to be of great service to anybody. Work correct but time wasted. George and father like John, speak highly of him but cannot consent to retain him in that employ and encourage expectation of partnership. Fine weather should bring on the Drake. Hopes Father will be able to fish with more zest than of late years, freed from cares of an unproductive manufacturing concern. Success of James' purchases in cattle matter of agreeable reflection. Father's account with Habgood winding to a conclusion - £250 or £300 still to come from them. Account with Mr M [Morewood] put right and leaves at his debit about £170. - 1812

293 - 5 June 1812 Elizabeth to John Longsdon. Troubled by his letter. Happy to see him livelier in late letter to Mother. Hopes he will come soon. Local gossip. 7 June. Mother to John Longsdon. Glad he is in better health. Has been most anxious. Let her know if he wants shirts. Sorry didn't ask Finch to pay him for his sister's Beaver hats. William not well. Father has written for him to come home. - 1812

294 - 12 June 1812 John Longsdon to Mother. Feeling much happier since letter from James. Forerunner of harmony and peace in family - depends on Father's view of measures put to him. Will come to Derbyshire whenever can be of most service in aiding arrangements necessary but hope it may happen in September or early October. Wants 4 shirts sent on. Mr M [Morewood] getting low in stock. F [Finch] paid him for sister's Beaver hats and mother's spectacle repairs. - 1812

295 - 14 June 1812 Mother to John Longsdon. Father and Mr M [Morewood] arranging for John's visit - most probably in August or September. Mr M [Morewood] will inform John of details of Goatley - much concerned to see John's Father so hurt and so troubled. 21 June. Mr M [Morewood] setting out in day or two - 3 shirts ready. James left yesterday. Captain Longsdon, CLM, Falcon Inn, Chesterfield. - 1812

296 - 16 June 1812 Father to John Longsdon. Decided to have full settlement with Mr Finch - likely to meet with difficulty and opposition and means to ask Mr Morewood's help. Returned from Liverpool and now has 2 American merchants with him - one German, the other French. Goatley business - Serlo's conduct too bad to describe. Exclusive of mental feelings, writer considers his property means considerably more than £1000. James, Serlo's youngest brother, has set out to follow him to Quebec intending to recover some property from him - this against writer's advice on account of James being an improper person to send. No mention of goods - suppose nothing to be done in way of sales. Presume goods in Habgood's hands - begs John to look after them for sales are necessary at this time. Finch thinks linings on article affording fair prospect. Good if John could get a few orders. Don't wish or like to close work entirely in a crisis like present. William ill - talks of trying Buxton - wants him to come home first. Pleased John's health now good. - 1812

297 - 22 June no date Mother to John Longsdon. Father told her of new arrangement. Mr M [Morewood] mentioned to him concerning him and William Hope to see him sooner than expected.

298 - 24 June 1812 John to James - congratulating on brightening prospects - Offer to writer to go to Malta now made in more pleasant manner and likely to be more advantageous than anticipated. Mr M proposes to take William into business in writer's place - best thing which could happen to him and will very much aid Father in winding up his concerns - evident to Mr Finch that Father no motive for persevering in business. May leave England in 2 months - hope to be in Derbyshire in fortnight. Has not yet written to William. 25 June - still waiting for detailed talk with Mr M [Morewood] - had letter from Lieutenant Colonel Wilson late Major of 48th about Ensign Barker's gallant death in the breach. - 1812

299 - 27 June 1812 Father to John Longsdon. William arrived on Wednesday looking better and went with mother and Uncle G G to Bubnell, returned today with some lapse of health - grieves writer but does not think it serious. Goes to Buxton on Monday whose waters are recommended in his case. Just seen Mr William H the bearer who said he hoped to return with John. Mr George Morewood will have acquainted him with writer's sentiments relative to arrangements with Mr Finch. Want J's views on Malta arrangements - sees in William a bias to be with Mr George Morewood - which pleases. John best judge. William's health not strong. Thinks William would improve if with Mr George Morewood - hopes for improvement in culpable negligence in William's epistolary correspondence which disgraces it. John to bring crossbow with him - would like to see him use it. - 1812

300 - 25 July 1812 London. William Longsdon formally to Messrs James Longsdon and Co with statement of Messrs Porters Co's July sales and 13 pieces £22.2s6d due 4 November - dilatory manner of doing business does not promise favourable results on extended travel. Thinks best to wind up account in earliest and most convenient way possible. Expecting bill from Habgood to be carried to Jones. James Bickers in this to order 60 pieces shirting. Habgoods expect to make sales next week. Cotton does not advance much because of news from America but they are stocked for some weeks whatever happens. Glad to know how Manchester likely to be affected by failure of Kensington and Co. Just received £203.9s due 9 November from Habgood. If necessary will try to get another bill from them to meet Mr Finch on next journey to Manchester. - 1812

301 - 28 July 1812 John Longsdon to Mother. Anxious about James' relapse last Saturday. Seen but few acquaintances since return from visiting Mother, hopes to see them before embarking. Mr Forsyth has desired writer to spend time as he likes when not actually engaged in Counting House. Like prospects of Mediterranean increasingly. Thinks both Father and Finch see own interests in adopting measures recommended to them and thinks they have gone too far to retrench. Uneasy to see Father determined on delay, an execution of that on which depends his comfort, his property and his life - character could not and would not suffer by immediate abandonment of Cotton Trade now no longer motive for continuing. Hopes feelings won't outweigh judgement. Had fine ride to Chesterfield on Sunday morning - met Coach at Inn. Journey quite as comfortable as could expect. William's health seems completely restored - now on writer's right hand executing something or other - stands good chance of forming his character in this House for a Merchant and man of business. Mr Forsyth writes to Mr William this evening to say the Tortoise is still detained. Wish W M could get up in time to go by this Ship which is a Government ship and would take them very comfortably. Will go about James' commissions tomorrow morning. Shall see Habgood and Co and Poole and Co tomorrow. Note from William. Things from Manchester should have arrived now - please save shooting jacket and do what she likes with other clothes. Only the lighter boots any use - others too little. Books mainly old school books - a few belong to Uncle John and may be returned to him - left a memorandum about this. Glad to welcome John on Monday morning. Very comfortable in situation here. - 1812

302 - John to Longsdon to Mother. Report from Lloyds. Tortoise and 60 other vessels and 2 men of war sailed yesterday morning for Isle of Wight - probably in Bay of Biscay now. Begin to be anxious to be on board. Mrs W M means to leave London with family and go to coast in a few days. Introducing William to friends - hope she and Bessy will visit him. Can't expect to see Mr and Mrs E Morewood soon in England - ugly American war may last longer than people expect. Congratulates James on recovery - hopes severe illness leaves no lasting effects - must be cautious in shooting season. Will send him a trunk with clothes not taking to Malta because of difference in climate. James may like some - do as he pleases with rest - promised something to George Hulley - and as he is a widower with a family may not be badly disposed of. - 4 Aug 1812

303 - 13 August 1812 London. William formally to Co. Advised by Mr Finch of several bills drawn on Messrs Habgood and Co totalling £314A. Expect circa £180 from John Bickers and Co. Sold 6 pieces shirtings to Mr W Morewood. Mr Williams only has a few broad goods left and H E and B clear of shirtings - send latter all shirtings on hand with bale of D T Ducks and about 15 pieces D T sheetings in separate parcels and wishes Finch to remit one statement showing balance of each description of goods they will hold belonging to them. Assume Finch wrong when he says 28 pieces Ducks in No 102 cost 12½d including bleaching. Never sold except in very few instances at more than 10½ and they were goods of superior quality to these. Will try to sell these to Alcock and Co but they must not expect them to fetch more than 9½d per yard. Right not to draw immediately on Bickers - have been good instances and may probably continue. Annexed copy of Patterson and Smith. Balance £199.16s5d - 1812

304 - 15 August 1812 William Longsdon to Mother - comfortably settled. John's detention in London very pleasant. John unwell for some days after return to London - better now. [Chit chat] Hopes Father shooting well. Rejoicing today for news from Ld Wellington - more important than at first believed. Lord Clinton is arrived at Plymouth with the despatches - French lost 14,000 men. - 1812

305 - 18 August John Longsdon to Mother - No more yet. Good news from Spain. Fine harvest weather put everybody in better spirits. Everything ready - paying visit to his acquaintance. [Chit chat] Mrs WILLIAM and family talk of moving near Portsmouth to be out of this disagreeable, noisy, smoky, unwholesome City - for his own part, although some what anxious to be aboard the Dolphin he never wishes or expects to find a better place than London. - 1812

306 - 30 August 1812 Islington. William Longsdon to Mother. Sending 2 Volumes of Pliny's letters to James. In good health and hopes James is better. John ............. Writer invited to dine with Dr Whateley next Sunday - but John will be at Portsmouth or on Dolphin, and TG off to Margate to enjoy himself for a week. Glad Mr and Mrs Addison expected at Longsdon next month. Had very pleasant home with them while writer lived in Manchester and did not leave their home without regret. 31st John accompanying Miss Morewood to Barnes the nursery man. Handkerchiefs sent very à propos - would like 6 or 8 more. 3 Sept. Wrote last night to Father to say John left on evening of Tuesday 1st of this month. - called off in sudden manner. Just received letter - expects to be on board this day - trunk not arrived. Pompée man of war which convoys fleet has received order to sail. Sending small parcel by Miss M - wish it may be what she wants. - 1812

307 - Portsmouth. John Longsdon to Mother. Weather fine Pompée; 80 gun ship, and one of finest Men of War in Navy goes with them. Most agreeably disappointed. Portsmouth - fine promenade. Sending an enquiry by Miss M and will correspond with Mother and Father on subject. Best to tell them through Miss M. William fond of situation - will make himself valuable before long - would have contracted a very unpleasant and unfortunate manner by remaining in Manchester - even an obstinate and ignorant manner - rejoice in day when moved him to London. - 2 Sep 1812

308 - 4 September 1812 London. William formally to Co with account of Habgoods sales for last month. Cards sacrificed without either cause or reason - no opportunity yet of speaking with Mr Evans who is out of town but certainly if they had any more goods of that sort writer would not sanction sale. Sold bale 105 of 53 pieces to John Bickers & Co super shirtings 160½ yds at 10d. 10 days, £75.18s10d their risk now resting on this house very considerable; thought it best not to offer other pack. - 1812

309 - 5 September 1812 William Longsdon to Finch. Meant him to send accounts. Current that were wanted in such state as might be delivered without writer having to copy them all over again. Writer will apply for Habgoods account. Thinks best to remove stock from Poole's to Habgoods - writer has not sold another piece. Matters now settled with John Bickers can draw upon them for goods sold £84 and £75.18s about £500 now in circulation upon them. Further details of pieces delivered in May and June. Wants sample of superfine shirtings. Business dull. Political circumstances discouraging. Wellington's entry into Madin - has done a good deal but task far from finished. - 1812

310 - William Longsdon formally to Co with Habgoods - 15 Sep 1812

311 - 25 September 1812 London. William Longsdon to Mother. Just had letter of 11th. Reflections on post to and from Malta and few economical opportunities of sending letters - Will keep family informed of early information on shipping to Malta - even though Government forbid letters except carried on Government packet. Appears Miss Morewood did not produce JL[Longsdon]'s portrait immediately on arrival in Derbyshire - much discussed here. [Cryptic paragraph possibly relating to John's attachment to Miss M which William expects to go no further.] Note to Father on JB's buying policy, small stock and personal selection and demand for Longsdon shirtings. - 1812

312 - 21 October 1812 William Longsdon to Mother - Letter of 27 Sept with letters for Malta, on board ship Ocean next day: no favourable chance of writing to John since but suggests best to let William have letters as soon as ready and he will take first chance. If wait to hear of opportunities, obstacles may cause disappointments. No letters yet, probably first will be from Malta. Letter of 13 accompanied by basket of game, 2 days longer on road than usual. - 1812

313 - 28 October 1812 London. William Longsdon to Father - letter of 19th about continuing business. William advises abandoning it rather than continuing for another year. Ignorant of Finch's plans for economy but expects little of them. Man of no feeling or why did he not long ago set his son William to one of the spinning wheels, fill up his own time at the warping mill and have given William Swift some weaving. Writer has more than once offered to engage to do the work which occupies all three, is sure it would have been no task. Perhaps now matters brought to a crisis he may execute in part some scheme of this kind but so long as he could draw resources from father's property to support himself and family in a state of little less than indolence he has carefully abstained from degrading them by work. When one has called him honest the favourable part of his character is done. While he is talking to father of the favourable state in which matters may be placed by and by he is writing to writer about sacrificing goods eg 20 of this month. "I would recommend that H E & B push off our awkward stock with all possible despatch even at a small sacrifice rather than hold" - raises one's indignation after what has just passed to see unconcerned way in which he can speak of witnessing the further wreck of father's property. No economy mentioned except letting their Manchester warehouse. Hudson and Price would not be unlikely people to take their spinning establishment if they could try without asking much property or committing themselves to any lasting engagement. Capital inadequate but father could safely lend them £100 and try to get them same sum from A Longsdon - could let them their building and machinery - Great objection with H & P would be fear of having a concern on their hands they could not get quit of again which is why writer offers it to them rent free for 1 year - £40 per annum about what things worth to people in their position. Writer cannot think of best way of communicating with TH but as father has already taken P Longsdon's opinion on this subject in another light, might do it again. Advises against doing it through Mr Finch - risk that their interests being sacrificed to his. May be right not to conceal such a matter from him but not prudent to take his advice. Consult mother. Cotton advancing. Boweds worth in Liverpool 17 and 18½d with every chance of price going considerably higher - no chance of counter rise in goods - strong argument for decisive steps towards lessening their productions. All the late exported goods from Manchester to America not proved to be bona fide American property will almost certainly be confiscated. Will greatly increase distress in commercial world. News from Gibraltar that Dolphin left on 28th of last month. with all friends well and in good spirits. Addison's account when writer left Manchester - including 55 guineas board and lodging 12 months. - 1812

314 - 13 November 1812 Malta. Extract from John to William - much touched by William's letters conveying news from Clapton. Acted exactly as John could have wished and mistaken him in nothing. Now appears that proposal John made is decidedly unpleasant to Mrs Mackmurdo. that Isabella feels no interest in or had even any knowledge of it and that the general desire is that the subject should be no more mentioned. Know that Mrs Mackmurdo acts only for best. John acted from purest of principles and conviction that Isabella had a moderate guarantee for what comforts people generally look for. Told Robert Mackmurdo evening writer left London that writer had great hopes of his continuance in Malta for a few years would not be any insurmountable objection to Mr and Mrs M more especially if they should learn Mr and Mrs Morewood approved of and their family enjoyed good health in the island. Writer trusted the objection would then cease. Writer has never had chance to explain to William before - thought Miss Mackmurdo possessed ever good quality requisite for a wife. While Barker living great part of attention and as much affection and friendship as anyone is capable of devoted to him - At his death looked for an object in whose society finest feelings would rally. Respects to family. Remembrances to Miss M - does not matter how disclosure writer committed to her was received at Longsdon. Not yet engaged an Italian master but making enquiries. Extract from letter sent by William Longsdon to Mother on 26 February putting her in picture. Thinks Father should write to John on this subject. - 1812

315 - 16 November 1812 William Longsdon to Mother Long delayed letters at length to hand. Letter from John, Gibraltar 27 and 28 Sept. Dolphin from Gibraltar to Mahon - likely delay arrival at Malta - slow passage with Convoy. Met Lieutenant Barker. Here writer has good quarters in an English hotel; heat excessive and expense of living prodigious. Politics. Social life. Continues study of Italian and can now read an easy book - clothes left behind - William has supplied him with linen. - 1812

316 - London. William Longsdon to Mother - John could not write direct to Longsdon because party turned on board at moment's notice to sail for Port Mahon. Very next day another letter saying wrote to Father on 10 Oct. Pleasant company on voyage. If alone would have changed ships but Mrs M could not. Health much better. Failure of John Bickers & Co last week. Hope they shall eventually escape serious loss, even that uncertain. Writer would be happier when rid of connection with Trade. Found more economical lodgings with a French family - learning French and Italian and saving £40 per annum - writer will have saved cost of her journey by next Spring. Statement of account November sales 1812 with Habgood E & B. - 23 Nov [1812]

317 - 17 December 1812 London. William Longsdon to Mother. Bickers failure gone much worse than expected - abandoned hopes aroused by T Gardom's confident opinions - only mitigation of this misfortune is that it will be means of extricating Father from a concern which has produced so many others of like nature. Many months since writer was informed no more cotton should be brought - do not know whether strictly acted upon. Letter of 27 received. Miss M. Letter to John forwarded next day - others to same address by another conveyance. Writer has missed several chances - so write here whenever moved to write. William writes every 3 or 4 weeks. John anxious to hear from Father. Will gladly resume lodgings at Islington when Father's affairs are more settled and he is quit of manufacturing concern. 19 Dec. Sending barrel of oysters to Manchester as present from Habgood & Co. Written to Mr Ormerod to forward by Sheffield Mail should be at Wardlow Toll Bar on Monday. Father's letters of 17 both received. Bill for £50 refused - will be returned to A Longsdon when noted. Called at Post Office - request cover of AL's letter may be sent to them - cause of miscarriage may arise from Middleton not being a Post Town which made direction imperfect. Delay in proving outstanding drafts on Bickers advised. Looks forward to receiving turkey and hare. - 1812

318 - 25 December 1812 London. William to Mother - thanks for letter and basket and thank Bessy for part of contents - letter just received from Mr W M dated Malta 18/21 Nov. So party arrived. Tartons, Store Ship, arrived 2 days ago from Malta has letters on board - under quarantine. Hope Father returned well from Manchester. Morewoods coming to Thornbridge next week. - 1812

319 - 28 December 1812 London. William to Mother. Thanks for letter - regrets what she says about Father. Mr Morewood coming to Thornbridge and William hopes he will succeed in settling him to some fixed plan of proceeding. Many difficulties in winding up undertaking - grieves William thrown on a person so unable to encounter them. Great comfort that Mother's spirits bearing up, aided by never failing consolation, religious hope. Bessy and Kate need to finish their education by a course of regular but moveable study - discussed in his letter to Bessy - necessary before she comes to London. Best plan to discuss it with Miss M. Do not show letter to anyone. PS Father written to Mr M - almost concluded upon a plan of proceeding to give up his business but decline doing anything until writer can have the benefit of his advice. The first part is a dissolution of partnership with Mr Finch. - 1812

320 - 29 December 1812 London. William formally to Co - enclosing Habgoods sales for November - £182.8s 1d due in cash June 4 1813. Ducks sold abominably low. Rest gone off at fair prices. Habgoods say their ducks not worth more. Goods not advancing much. Some articles up a little. Paid into Jones, Loyd & Co here £200 drawn on Habgood at 4 months due in cash 18 April 1812. Piece account with Poole & Co not settled yet. 30 Dec (addendum) now heard from Mr Finch Attended meeting of H Smith & Co's creditors everything connected with Bickers affairs grows worse after inspection - Bickers anything but an honest Trademan and Smith anything but a man of sense. He and another young man formerly shopmen for a concern Mr B had in Margate and though Smith left Margate and Mr B's employ more than 12 months ago yet bills have been issued in point name of those 2 young men upon John Bickers & Co to amount of £1,600 not due yet and holders are entitled to prove upon Smith's estate in Westminster - though in point of equity business is as unconnected with it as father's own. Not likely that Smith estate will yield more than a few shillings in £. Previously expected 10-12 s in £. Second meeting of Bickers creditors next Saturday. - 1812

321 - 9 January 1813 Malta. John Longsdon to James Longsdon. As a commercial situation, likes Malta well enough; so long as it continues a good one writer will continue satisfied with it. But in any other view would sooner live in England. In exactly same situation with Mr William M. as was lately with Messrs M & F - agreeably to a mutual understanding between them previously to departure and most likely will remain so during this year. Mr W H M pays his expenses out, finds him in lodging and board and pays some salary which writer received from M & F which will find writer in clothes and petty expenses so that writer will just clear up all his charges this year. If Malta continues as important next year and all goes well with Mr W H M himself, writer hopes to do something better but if news that got from Russia should produce effect which many look for, this Island will lose much of its consequence as a depot for those goods in which their friends in London principally trade namely Coffee and Sugars. It if makes an opening for a better of course Mr W H M will move; at least imagine so. Glad he has recovered - was afraid at one time. Hopes farming consequences did not suffer too much. Packet signaled - get a month's newspapers - news from Russia through Black Sea by way of Italy and French papers through Sicily. 16 Jan add. - Bickers failure bad blow but will weather it if Manchester concern abandoned. Afraid James short of money to buy cattle - having no means of relieving him, anxious to know exactly how he stands. Rare news by way of France from the Russian seat of war and writer had almost hoped that Bonaparte could not get home again but they find him at Paris. - 1813

322 - 12 January Malta. John Longsdon to William. News melancholy but not as upsetting as he imagines when writer and Father determined not to give up manufacture - evident that the property would all be consumed - better to endure one sudden severe stroke than lingering torture of the mind. Imagines nothing can now prevent winding up of concern and hopes political events in North of Europe will add spirit enough to Manchester trade to enable Mr Finch to find employment for self in some good situation. Fears not that he will agree with sentiments in writer's letter of 12 December when spoke of him and self encountering the world without pecuniary aid from the pittance left at their Father's disposal. As for TG blame himself for being influenced by him though he never gave an opinion without a solicitation to do it. Unhappy about situation - thinks duties unimportant - has written to ask George Morewood's advice but knows he will disapprove. W H M denies existence of cause for John's feelings, attributes them to misconception and an unnatural state of mind. Small commission for William to execute.

323 - 31 January 1813 London. William Longsdon to Mother [Chit chat] Reference to discussions with John about James, prospect of comfort and quiet for Mother and Father very encouraging. - 1813

324 - 1 February 1813 London. William Longsdon formally to Co. acknowledging letters Finch of 27 and Father of 29 of last month. enclosing draft on Bickers and Co for £69/4s Bill not yet noted in consequence of non payment but probably may not be an objection with commissioners to them proving debt. Next meeting on 9th of this month. when Mr Barrow will attend on their part and decide on propriety of resisting claims of Assignees either to have credit for the amount of collateral security they hold or to give it up. If this happens do they restore the Bills they hold on Smith and Co or take a chance on Bickers estate? Which will afford best dividend quite uncertain for both involved in a number of doubtful points. Smiths concerns all included in amount £2-3,000. Statement of his assets circa £1,800 - in a fair way to being consumed by expenses. Bankruptcy will exhaust them - so very little can be expected there. Saw the Accountants who had settling of other estate on Wednesday - valuation shows it worth 7s in £ after deducting 20% from prime cost of stock and good debts and setting £300 aside for expenses of bankruptcy. William suspicious, thinks 4s 6d in £ Habgood promise account sales today. Patterson and Smith annexed - only sold 2 or 3 pieces. If not soon quitted writer will remove them. Goods at Mr Williams in such bad condition writer has directed them to be returned to Manchester - when cleaned by Bleachers original value may be restored. Wants news of stocktaking from Finch - notes his remarks on rise in goods. - 1813

325 - Copy letter to Mr W H Morewood. Thursday, 11 February 1813 by John Longsdon. Resigning post because cannot enter into WHM's manner of conducting business - will serve him gladly until replaced when will return to England. - 1813

326 - 13 February 1813 W H ...... Morewood to John Longsdon. Main motive in asking him to come out was promotion of interest of John and friends. Cannot now permit his convenience to hinder John's return to England one single day - therefore beg he be governed entirely by own wishes. - 1813

327 - 15 February 1813. London. William Longsdon to Mother - 1813

328 - 26 February 1813 London. William Longsdon formally to firm - inclosing Habgoods account sales February £656.16s7d - only 10 to 15 pieces remaining in hand now so nearly balanced they request a piece account to check their books. Patteson and Smith have sold off goods belonging to them £52.7s 4d - please confirm if correct. Writer has paid to Alcock Watkin and Co £1.19s balance of account which he transmitted some time ago. Also paid at sundry times £2.19s - please credit his account. Nothing more fully settled in John Bickers and Co. Business in general flat. - 1813

329 - 26 February Win Longsdon to Mother with extract from 314.

330 - 18 March 1813 London. William Longsdon to Mother. Sent on John's letters immediately via Liverpool. That from Father will probably leave England tomorrow. William received one, and one sent by Saragossa has never arrived. Hope will find source of much domestic comfort in dissolution of partnership with Mr Finch. Severance necessary to well doing of both. Has forgotten to let writer know about strawberries "Such important points must not be overlooked". Has not forgotten to get book but as it is intended for Kate thought it only fair to wait till she wrote to him which he has asked her to do more than once. Mrs WILLIAM delivered of a daughter on 1st February. Trade getting rather lucky which was a pleasant thing. - 1813

331 - Habgood's sales account March 1813. £156.11s11d directed to Mr Longsdon, Cromford Court, Manchester. - 1813

332 - Received 5 June per Lapwing Packet. Malta 13. John Longsdon to Win. Wrote on 3rd by Brig Violet, Pinman, bound to Bristol. Acknowledge his of 2 Feb by Lapwing Packet and letter to mother. Writer's affairs here remain in status quo. Non arrival of the Prince Regent will retard his departure from hence but not aware of any importance attached to it. Mr Fenton's name rarely mentioned in writer's presence but he will be welcome here no doubt. In meantime learning Italian fast. Already knows enough to transact business with Italians and can write it tolerably. Practices in French for they have 2 young men in Counting House who speak these 2 languages constantly. Glad his letter of 12 Dec. came to William's hands - rejoices in sentiments of his answer. Sentiments about leaving Mr W H M unchanged - whatever difficulties this may expose writer too can bear them better than constant reproof, chiding and assumption [absolutely boundless] which writer too can bear them writer experienced during 3 months that Mr W H M acted in his natural manner towards him. James' letter to "Titus" informed writer of sale of estate at G[oatle]y but of no particulars. Fortunate estate was there to sell and hope possession of stipulated sum will enable Father to meet all demands on him without difficulty; that he has by now made arrangements for his purchase of Spring Cattle. If writer could see Pastures well stocked and books clear of any demand he should say `Basta'. There would be enough for their parents and for James, Bessy and Kate too. If William feels as writer does they are rich enough already from that source - they have others open to them - and Deo Volente - they will use them. Grateful for his attention to interesting subject at C. Communication in last pleasant enough but too many obstacles in way. Writer's course uncertain - brought his situation on himself and well satisfied with it. 7th writing to Father by this packet and to Mother. In letter to William by Violet (12) asked Thomas Godsell to send any goods he had prepared for shipping to writer's care addressed to Mr W H M who says he will dispose of them with pleasure if any arrive. S N Badger ordered to Alexandria tomorrow. One of late convoys brought Plague thence to Malta; it cannot be communicated on shore and vessel alluded to return with the Badger. Saw G Barker this morning - quite well. Recalling this day last year Badajos carried by assault. Regret cannot spend more time with GB young man of great merit and good officer. Reply to William's enquiries about Mediterranean trade less necessary in view of intended return. Pleasant to think resigned when trade had more promising aspect than for years. Demands for goods greater and merchants in better spirits than for 5 years. So cannot be accused of shrinking under discouraging circumstances. Scope here for good business but whether Mr W H M will turn attention to anything but Coffee and Sugar writer knows not. Extremely cautious of entering on any other - so much diffidence, distrust and suspicion in his whole system that writer could never contemplate entering on joint venture with him. Messages to friends. Would like bed in his lodging house on his arrival in London if can contrive it. Does not know how long he will stay. Does not know how will meet expense. Something to arrive from Mr W H M but whether enough to carry writer to London does not know. - 6 Apr 1813

333 - 6 April 1813 London. William Longsdon to Mother. Glad Fatherback from Manchester; does not know present position of affairs with late Manchester concern but imagine short time longer will see them completely wound up. Nothing here will retard them. Two letters from John last month - the family well contented and find society more agreeable than expected. Gather someone has told him James' hair coming off - hopes it isn't true. [Chit chat] - returning by carrier box in which eggs sent. Something or other will be found to fill it with - what he cannot say. Contents must explain selves. What pleasure to go round her garden and see new acquisitions. Pleasure in friendship between Miss M and Bessy. - 1813

334 - 17 April 1813 London. William Longsdon to Father. As result of Father's letter of 13 have drawn on Habgoods 1 April at 3 months £202-2s7d - discounted by Mr Morewood - so encloses £200 in bank notes. Patterson and Smith will close account with £50 cash on Friday - which might not catch James at Longsdon. Should he direct letter to meet him at A Longsdon's in Manchester. Still at liberty to value for £300 at 2 months from 1 May. Sorry spring stock so dear. Imagines £500 credit on Habgoods should be sufficient to meet demands at Lancaster fair. Last 2 packs of goods are come to Habgoods. Sent all details of the last account with Patterson and Smith. Two pieces of fustian which were at Mr Williams John C sent away - no precise account can be got of them now. Desires F to let him know at what price Manchester warehouse is let. Expecting Malta accounts anyday. - 1813

335 - 21 April 1813 William Longsdon to Mother. Writes with pleasure and grief with enclosure from John. Has been from arrival in Malta want of harmony between J and Mr W H M whenever duties in Counting House brought them together. J's conduct, it appears, has called only from Mr W H M a general and continued disapprobation - so much that John can no longer brook it - consequence immediate return to England. Known for some time but letters seemed to contain hope that all would yet go well. From firm resolution with which J set out to do duty can be no common causes so soon rendered futile those intentions. Wanted to spare unnecessary anxiety. Laments unfortunate necessity of J's step - trusts honourable character will still protect him in good opinion of even which favourable sentiments worth preserving. John always so kind to writer who is always ready to share his fortunes. Mr G Morewood as yet only expressed sorrow for what has happened. Likely John will be in England in another month and soon after in Derbyshire. Sent box by Waggon - ought to be at Chesterfield about 28 of this month. Enclosed 4 letters. - 1813

336 - Sunday, La Valletta. W H M to John Longsdon. Fears he has delayed his letter for Mr M-d [Mackmurdo?] too long and shall be disappointed of seeing John and wishing them all health and happiness. Too occupied to write on subject of his communications and their effects. Conceive it duty - will send letter to Mr M-d which will do need put with it. Warm sentiments of gratitude for kind attentions to self and family especially on voyage - shall not easily forget them. May ever good accompany him and may he find his friends as he desires. Looked over his accounts - best to balance it by the accompanying draft for £35 - on their friends first and second in case of John requiring it on the voyage. One year's salary from 1 August 1812 £150 which will bring him home without sinking money at least. Erroneously calculating £5 to be paid them as John's. It is writer's and writer will desire Messrs Morewood and Forsyth to pay sum to John. Have goodness to present them properly to all enquiring friends. May John's be everything he desires. Health and happiness attend him. - 2 May 1813

337 - 6 May 1813 T Barker. "Dear James" - much pleased with cows and thanks him for trouble in procuring them. Cannot think as James that they are an average lot. Want to see him if spare time before he goes to Chesterfield. Mrs Barker informs him he does not go next Saturday in which case they could take him in their Chariot from Oakhill where they shall be and leave Mrs Gardan at 8 o'clock. If on seeing them again James still thinks them an average lot writer will with pleasure return the half guinea. James will extract good from evil if from yesterday's occurrence James comes to the resolution of so far preserving his temper as not to permit it to risk the displeasure of those friends who have his welfare most at heart in which number writer hopes he includes self. Wrote above before writer got his note. When he comes down can determine what should be done. - 1813

338 - 12 May 1813 London. William Longsdon to Mother. Another letter from John this morning and she will likely receive one today or tomorrow by the Violet, a ship arrived at Bristol. William's dated 3 April when John was only waiting the arrival of Mr Fenton - who passed Gib on 21 March. Expects John to leave in April and arrive next month. Packet in which letters to Father and self were lately captured by Americans. Refers to George Barker and plague. Alarm at Malta now subsided. Hopes Bessy will visit Yorkshire as so kindly proposed by Miss Wilkes. Wants couple of shirts and few neck handkerchiefs. Sorry she is not well. - 1813

339 - 12 June 1812 (sic) [actually 1813] London. William Longsdon to Mother. Wrote to Father on 10th that Malta Packet shortly expected. Passenger arrived today with enclosed - Apparently still waiting for Fenton. Packet expected to arrive on 28 April. Happy in present lodgings, does not mean to try to return to Islington. Writer has sore throat with little deafness in one ear frequently inconvenient. Dr Whately says nothing can be done other than common cure. - 1812 [1813]

340 - William Longsdon to James. Surprised one of letters dated from Garstang. Hopes cash arrangements did not impose serious inconvenience to farming operations. Glad the £40 useful - when James repays, would like it in County Notes payable in London, or a short dated bill - means to pay it into Morewood and Forsyth for Father's account, and immediately when that is done all his affairs here will be closed and a balancing account reduced. Habgoods business can now settle any week but till £40 repaid unable to put accounts in proper state for his inspection. If Father has drawn nothing since April, about £200 still to come for London after discharging full demand of M & F against him - rather more than William has given to suppose after all debts discharged. 14 June 1813 - 1813

341 - 26 June 1813 London. William Longsdon to Mother - Father's letter of 22/23 with news of Uncle G Gardam's sudden death. Visited Dennis in Camberwell who had received letter from Reverend Mr Barker; severe distress; concerned about little Samuel now an orphan. Consoles her for loss of brother by reflecting on reward of well spent life aided by merits of Redeemer. Whateleys join in sorrow. Bessy should be home soon. - 1813

342 - 7 July 1813 William Longsdon to Mother condoling - Hope is always in view. Trusts Father returned in pretty good spirits from Manchester where William wrote to meet him. General accounts about Plague inspire hope that it will not be of long duration. Thankful John left island before scourge appeared. Convoy with which he sailed at Gibraltar on 4 June. Love to Bessy - Why does she not write from Burly? - 1813

343 - William Longsdon to Mother. Mr M. says Mediterranean Convoy off Falmouth; should see John in London this week. Hope quarantine very short, if any. Write here. - 12 Jul 1813

344 - 13 July 1813 On board the Venus. John Longsdon to Mother. Just sailing into Thames on fine morning. Hopes to hear of her and Father's welfare soon. Heard from Pilot and those visiting ship in Downs, very anxious about reports of outbreak of plague in Malta. Ravages in East due to obstinacy of the people who deem it contrary to religious faith to take pains to cure or prevent it, think it comes from God. Even in Constantinople and Alexandria no Europeans have died except one merchant in Constantinople. Hope to hear Mrs WHM better from illness originating in cold from which recovering when writer left. Miss Wilkes and children well. 15 July 1813. Stonegate Creek Caddendum. Truly sorry to find mistaken in expectations about plague in Malta - Write via William. May be kept here 40 days. All healthy in this ship. Sympathy on death of brother. - 1813

345 - 14 July 1813 London. William Longsdon to Mother. Venus with John aboard safely arrived in Downs. Strict quarantine for all ships coming from Straits of Gibraltar. Letter today from John dated 12 of this month. principally relating to circumstances of leaving Malta and anxiety to know sentiments which may be entertained by friends. William still hopes his future circumstances will leave him without cause to lament steps adopted. Mr M soon be at Thornbridge again with his children. Sometimes amuse self pleasantly with them at Newington Green. Will probably disturb precise arrangements at Thornbridge "for Ellen and George do not at present seem to inherit virtues of Order and Regularity". Can she get writer ½ dozen beast's tongues dried - 8/- each here. Inquiry after health, his hay-harvest. Are Uncle George's affairs in train for settling? Encloses her ring, if now too large can be dealt with. Letter from John - hopes to be in London in week but nothing certain. - 1813

346 - Venus, Stonegate Creek. John to William Longsdon. Thanks for 2 volumes of Raine's Works. Statement of finances - left England without any ready money - dependent on salary of £150 per annum from which pays all private expenses which in travelling in foreign country often exceed one's calculations; clothes, washing, Italian tutor, surgeon's bill (advice and medicine in 1st weeks in Malta), passage home. To meet these writer received from WHM. Landing in Malta Sc. 89.10 In January and April Sc.265.3 At leaving Sc.400 Exch 68d p Sic. Do. 755. 1. 0 = £85. 11s 6d M and F to William Advance in London £20 Cash from WILLIAM [Orewood] £5 £110. 11s 6d Paid to writer by WHM on April 30 after long deliberation and writer's account current lying before him. Asked if writer wanted time; - answered No; parted. Thought account settled as to all appearance did WHM How 8 months salary being £100. Writer did not consider himself overpaid, on the contrary, except that he did not like being charged 68s p Sic Do. The exchange of the day being somewhat less in 1812, more at time of settlement for Mr WHM knew contract was for £150 starting and that he had paid away dollar at Malta at 5/p according to universal. Custom there all account being paid in scudi at 2½ P Sic Do, without reference to foreign exchange. Mr WH put letter in writer's hands when he was on point of leaving; quotes letter, draft for £35 and £5 in dollars. No time for conversation; wrote to him from Gibraltar, warmest thanks for friendly terms and liberal manner of settling account. Cannot cash Bill of Exchange for £35 on M & F - keep it in case of need during voyage. Cancelling this considers himself liberally dealt by but cannot take it because would be receiving salary for much longer time than reason justice or own feelings of propriety justify. Keep £5 - set off against exchange 68d P Sc Do. - object to manner of giving rest - "judge it best and bringing us home without losing money at last" are bad to digest. Embarked with £10 - paid 10&dollar; - paid 10&dollar; at Gib. for share of a little extra stores for could not afford a Cabin Passage even in a merchant ship and determined neither to borrow nor draw on Father. Paid £32.10s or 130 Sp Drs (Spanish Dollars) for passage the cabin of which had all been engaged by Mr Green and Dr Maxwell. His cot and being alongside the mates of the ship and he messed with him and the masters. Cabin Passenger costs 60 guineas or sometimes 186 Sp Drs. The Dr and Mr Green having given writer use of cabin he sent (out) for a doz. wine and a few .......... Best terms he could make with Capt Hunston for keeping him during quarantine were 10/6 per day so that with this a regular fee which may be £3 writer shall have nothing in spite of his economy and William must give him credit for some when staying at Gibraltar, Mahon and Malta, all excessively extravagantly dear places. In justice to Mr WHM when he knew type of passage and narrow circumstances, he offered to pay for anything writer might wish in way of stores. Writer didn't wish to accept or affront him. Writer charged him with one guinea for a little brandy. 25 July (add) have now received William's letter of 23/24 containing one from Father. Main feature in William's letter is perhaps most unpleasant one writer ever read in his life. William did well to give it to him. Now little to doubt or be anxious about and must regain what he has lost by his own labour. Father's letter most affectionate, most anxious that writer should be connected with M & F - "advise you to be calm and not obstinate do not mean to condemn you but would fair have you some way connected with the House of M & F and in presentation of things. May expect answer to writers letter to Mr M in few days and shall then address him if he gives writer no discouragement and shall acquaint William with what he writes. Asks William's assistance in procuring another situation abroad - in a foreign House or temporary employment by any reputable House in any foreign country where personal safety not much endangered or to go anywhere as a super cargo (with last exception). If he is willing could be accomplished whilst writer is spending a month or two in Derbyshire. Any proposal of their House of course takes precedence. Writer would be as glad as Father to be connected in any manner with M & F but proposal must come from themselves; none of theirs will bring it about. Writer does not think expedition hither proposed by Edward M. will take place. If it should, he does right in not coming. Never ask for anything of the sort. Do duty as well as can and ask few favours. Do not encourage EM or anyone else to come. Discharging goods. Order for 40 days never delivered on board. Hopes to see him soon after 12 Aug. - 24 Jul 1813

347 - 28 July 1813 London. William Longsdon to Mother. Thanking her for letters including note from James. John hopes not to be confined for 40 days, but this rests on conjecture. Tell James book on diseases incident to Cattle not yet bought because does not know how to send it to Longsdon. No coaches running nearer than Derby or Manchester unless it could be left at Duke of York. Price 10/6 and other expenses near 10/- more. Mr & Mrs Barrows thank for present of meal - did not know where it had come from until writer had her letter. - 1813

348 - Venus. Stonegate Creek. John Longsdon to Mother. Glad to hear from William that all pretty well - been very good to John in writing and doing everything for comfort. Reconciled to imprisonment; very sorry to see last accounts from Malta - Packet which brought them lying alongside; - talked with passengers who left Valetta on 21 June and letter dated 15 June on progress of Plague. Does not appear likely that English inhabitants will fall victims. First case and within few doors of the Dobson's house where Mr WHB and family lived some weeks after landing. Houses in Valetta very large, each with supply of water in immense cistern dug out of rock. So large that stone taken out often served to build house. Inhabitants little need to move abroad, terraces to walk on on roofs of houses which are flat to collect rain water. Main object now to get good employment - sentiments agree exactly with Father's and Mother's. If M & F inclined to offer writer a situation, would do it better without being solicited with a request. Delicate matter and must be left a good deal to its own natural working. Does not imagine it altogether convenient for them to give writer employment even if inclined, if they will help writer at all in procuring situation; keep their good will and get living in respectable manner and increase knowledge in business, he will be satisfied. Does not expect release until after 40 days. Calculate on meeting Mr M in London immediately after release and then proceed to Longsdon as soon as see future prospects. Promises himself part of Autumn with them. Better off than at sea. Newspapers daily, reading books a few hours and walking deck a few more; very much as in a watering place; principal difference, corn ripening well. Unpleasant to be ¾ yr without benefit of a washerwoman or a supply of clean linen. Hopes harvest goes well and more methodically than has seen. Wonder how people who hurry in conveying little hay and corn in carts into barns and manage discharge of ship like this when in 1 day on small boats in stormy weather almost £50,000 goods discharge. 31 July 1813 - 1813

349 - 12 August 1813 Venus. Stonegate Creek. John Longsdon to Mother. Thanks for letter of 4 Aug. Glad health improving and hay harvest completed. In excellent health and will be glad when can come to see her. In response to petitions from passengers in packets, Privy Council say strictest quarantine must be observed without specifying time or limit. Farmers around them cutting corn. Bessy says writer's god daughter with her. Wishes she would keep her until writer comes having great desire to see her. Thanks Bessy for note, glad she visited Mrs WHM's family in Yorkshire. No fresh accounts from Malta - general opinion that heat of July weather will end plague - still see no great danger to English inhabitants unless those who volunteer as guardians take too much liberty with the infected. Acquainted with a gentleman who was at Constantinople when 3000 died daily and he walked about town without considering himself in much danger. Peculiar habits of the Eastern people render them liable to the plague in a much greater degree than inhabitants of their part of world. Sorry for weak state of her brother's health. His return home after so long an absence will take her to Cliff. Hopes Mrs Barker returns in improved health from sea bathing. Thanks James for letter. What prospect for game this season? and what farming news? - 1813

350 - 15 August 1813 London. William Longsdon to Mother. Sending this by Mr M. - warned John - but do not expect news. Quarantine to continue until 11 September. Government perhaps over cautious but obviously compelled to take severe measures to avoid smallest risk of introducing plague. John should arrive when partridges have got a good size and enough corn cut not to impede a sportsman. James and John can try skill. James should have advantage in practice. Sorry Father did not touch his gun on 12th - first time omitted diversion of which has been for so many years not only an eminent but an honourable partaker. Wishes James will prove himself a successor. Glad her ring fitted well. Does not think she will regret not leaving Longsdon just now - hopes soon recompensed by having John to carry her out on horseback. Does not know when self can see her. Whately's family still unsettled. Remembrances to Uncle John Gardam and Cliff family - long stay at Scarborough must have improved health. - 1813

351 - 18 August 1813 Venus, Stonegate Creek. John Longsdon to James. Thanks for letter of 5th of this month. Hopes present grazing season will justify expectations. With good hay and pastures well covered with grass expects to see him keep some good cattle until Christmas. Will not want to leave anything unsettled in his power to arrange regarding affairs of late Manchester firm. Most anxious now to see Mr Finch manages well as any failure on his part would be very bad indeed. Reliance on his abilities not very great. Mr M's departure this week will deprive writer of pleasure of accompanying him. May return before writer leaves; remain until about 30th. Looks forward to spending some time with James. If good year for partridges should have sport. 5 years since John killed a brace. Relies on him for furnishing guns, dogs, etc - writer has none and cannot afford to buy. Messages to Gardam and refer to his office of Executor to their late Uncle seems to be no pleasant one. - 1813

352 - 19 August 1813 London. William Longsdon to James - Send his Dowling's on Diseases relative to Horned Cattle by Mr Morewood. Price 10/6 noted in accompanying statement of account with writer leaving a balance in writer's favour of £1.1952d which please to pay to John if he needs it in Derbyshire. Also enclosed account £1.48s paid to William Whateley on account late George Gardam - making balance to be held at disposal of their brother John £3.3510d Hears from father that James & Peter have killed 2 brace of birds on 12th - credits James with half. - 1813

353 - Bridlington Quay. T Barker to James Longsdon. Mrs Barker's thanks for telling her of Mr M's visit. Hopes to see John too on their return. Obliged for their father's congratulations on disposal of Middleton. Expected fate of Bubnell Farm settled before Bessy wrote but she says she has learned nothing. Obliged if James would go over writer's farm and inform him how all stock and crops going on, not forgetting the Eddish, hopes James has been able to sell brown cow and tell William to bring a load of malt from Cockhill the next time he goes for coals. Excellent seabathing place; Noble Bay where vessels like to anchor in rough weather. Yesterday morning 60 lying about half a mile from pier and 30 in harbour. Most sailed in evening in groups. Beautiful sight with declining sun fully on their sails. Hoped to see James last Wednesday and Thursday now given him up. Details of bathing. - 25 Aug 1813

354 - 4 Sept 1813 London. John Longsdon to mother - got headache and cold coming from Chatham and now better. This morning went with Mr Forsyth to Malta (the Panorama) and shortly to start with Mr Barrow into Essex to stay till Monday with him and family. After writer has seen Mr Morewood will fix time to come to Longsdon. With note from Mr Longsdon to mother. John waits for Mr M. Not unlikely to see her by 12th. Dr Whateley's children intolerably spoiled. Whateley again in business. Anxious about war in Germany. - 1813

355 - 8 Sept 1813 London. William Longsdon to mother. To be delivered by John Longsdon. Plague continues; dreadful devastation at Malta. Black stockings just what wanted. Tried to get what are called "French" but found them worse than what sent. Watch gone to be repaired and trust done in time for John to take back. Glad Mr Addison been with her. Look forward to a few partridges after John with her. James makes trifling slaughter - ascribe for charity's sake to impediments of standing corn. 14 Sept. John gone this evening to Newington Green. A letter has been received from Mr WHM on him leaving Malta and Mr M & he now discussing the Writer supposes Mr M's conduct friendly and flattering. Now trusts nothing to regret. Watch cleaned and hope well done. Read with interest of her plants being in flourishing state. Happy father enjoyed his rubbers so heartily with the Messrs M. Would like promised shirts with ruffles little wider than last and muslin some what finer. - 1813

356 - 15 Sept 1813 London. William Longsdon to James. Please hold small balance at writer's credit instead of paying it to John. His friend will have written about Dr Whateley's business. Weather very fine. John promises himself pleasure in helping kill a few partridges. Brilliant news received yesterday from Spain and Germany. - 1813

357 - 17 October 1813 London. William Longsdon to mother. Thanks for letter of 11 last. For tongue which accompanied last hamper of game. John tells writer game is very scarce. Does not expect anymore but further tongue would be very welcome. James doubtless busier than ever before and he used to make some bustle occasionally. In arrangements just agreed on, see nothing but what is likely to increase satisfaction of all parties. Mother relieved from deal of anxious trouble. Father gratification in witnessing son's industry and James placed in situation which age and disposition seemed to require. Shirt and handkerchief fit well - few others acceptable for Christmas if muslin admits handkerchiefs being cut a little larger, so much better. - 1813

358 - 18 Dec 1813 London. William Longsdon to mother. Has not written because John with her. Bessy at writer's lodgings on Thursday to tea; returned to Basinghall St in better spirits than quitted it, staying with Barrows. Leaves her to decide when writer comes home Expect John here in a fortnight. Mr M says to suit himself. If writer comes this Christmas should feel glad if John postponed his journey until writer is with her. New distresses in W Whateley's family - bankrupt on 11 of this month. Dr Whateley ill with gout in stomach. - 1813

359 - 25 Dec 1813 London. William Longsdon to mother - Bessy came to London with unlucky impressions which defeat object of journey. Harassed by belief that deficient in common talents and her time not used to best advantage. Increased by frequent admonition and advice from friends and unnecessary observations at home such as James not uncommonly practised. Wants encouragement and attention to assume importance which belongs to her station. Realises this herself. Do not repeat it to her. - 1813

360

366 - 16 April. congratulating James on move into own house with comments on reaction in London to the Great News? Orderliness of crowds, almost as striking as illuminations. John's voyage deferred.

367 - Early January 1814 John Longsdon to James reviving subject of conversation from Longsdon to Duke of York on January which James meant to introduce to Father at suitable opportunity. Convinced Father will not make will as he ought to do - talking of sending for Mr Bossley - rectitude of intention. William and writer have agreed to propose to James that if Father dies intestate the 3 of them should distribute estate as most conducive to mutual benefit and happiness of their sisters and mother, otherwise unprovided for. Does not envy him for inheriting most according to law of land. Rejoice that it comes to one who can protect his sisters especially if they fail to make their way in commercial world. - 1814

368 - 15 January 1814 London. William Longsdon to James - good to welcome John again - much interesting talk - information James is about to receive from John will place him in more agreeable situation - Mr M his friend as well as theirs. 23 January 1814. William Longsdon to Mother. Writer has not been able to do anything about her spectacles because no guide to strength of glass. If she only wants a fresh and lighter frame to present glasses would think could easily get them altered in Chesterfield - or else send them here by coach. Writer has bought Bishop of Chester's sermon on the Thanksgiving day - bought and put into James' trunk. Does not remember any other commission of hers but feels something forgotten. Thinks his talk more straight forward than used to be and believes she will find moderation more conspicuous part of character than formerly - seems seized by more commendable ambition than any shown before. Visit should do him good. John has written to her about prospect of writer fixing in America and attempting foundation of an establishment which may become competent resource to them both. Writer has mentioned it to father; plan in its infancy and hopes for full execution. Writer has bought ¼ pipe of Port Wine, half for Father, half for James. Expects it to be good as parties where it comes esteemed judges. Paid for here and put to debit of Father's account John and writer much pleased with Uncle John's letter. James reports come to play at Whist or Quadrille with her as usual. - 1814

369 - 19 February 1814 London. John Longsdon to Mother. Letter in hamper sent by James has given great pleasure. Father says better in his letter. Dining with Mr M on Thursday. Miss M expected; Bessy going to Newington Green for week. Messages for Barker family about purchase of barrel of oysters sent by the True Briton to Mr D I Hill Chesterfield and garden seeds gone off in a parcel from Mr Barr to Miss Morewood in which pair of books for James. - 1814

370 - 28 Feb 1814 London. John Longsdon to Mother; all well. Bessy with Morewoods. Time for James' removal near at hand - hopes prospect not any less pleasing. Their advices from James' landlord much overdue - afraid Packet must be taken. No news from Malta since heard of cessation of plague but no doubt of Mr WHM being pleased with disposition of his old habitation. As told Mother when left home, expects to remain in London the winter, perhaps spring - and if in spring or summer opportunity offers will go to Continent. William and writer agree must have some sort of establishment abroad to act as agents. Whilst writer turns attention towards final accomplishment of such object William gaining regular useful knowledge. Trip to Continent not to remain there but become acquainted with new markets and more extensive connections. 1 March - Congratulations on 29th Wedding Anniversary. - 1814

371 - 9 March 1814 London. William Longsdon to Mother. Looking forward to visit - relief to Father of quittance of business and diminished portion of care by arrangements with James will have removed grounds of anxiety which troubled harmony. Hope to come in late May. Business not brisk. John busy in Counting House with such matters as need his assistance. Hopes to see him more actively employed soon. Bessy busy with round of engagements, health much better and seems in better spirits. Understand Miss M ordered to inspect lodgings John and writer occupy - nobody will be more welcome. - 1814

372 - 2 April 1814 London. John Longsdon to Mother. Thinks of her amongst flower borders. Bessy's visit extended to pleasure of all; John godfather to new Morewood baby. Little surprised not to hear of James' move - anxious because much of Father's and therefore family's happiness depends on it - would go to Continent with easier mind if everything done to add to James' means of getting a respectable living for his farm and lessen Father's burden of business. Mr M proposed writer going to some of adjacent parts of Germany on their business and account in about 10 days time. First to Heligoland then Hamburg from there and probably visit Copenhagen and Gothenburg before writer returns which may be in summer. Letter from Forsyth announcing arrival in Jamaica - continues to get better. Accounts from Malta pleasant too. William growing stronger - advised to go into more airy situation, has taken nice lodging between writer's old lodgings and Newington Green. Present bedroom too confined and close - costs £35 old per annum, new one £50 - not great difference when health in scale. Negotiations for peace broken down. Burst of applause when Lord Mayor read the Bulletin - note from Lord Bathurst at Lloyds this morning. Few men who combine spirit with principle wish to see peace made with Bonaparte. Sent 22 lbs Turkey Figs by Pickfords Waggon on 24 March to Mrs Barker -2/- per pound for pulled figs. These as good and cost 20d per pound Please forward to James Longsdon of Goately copy of note from HM Transport Office acknowledging receipt of letter of 17 of this month. reporting arrival from America on parole and request transmit original parole engagement to their office. - 1814

373 - 2 April 1814 Newington Green. H Morewood to Mr and Mrs Longsdon. Thanking them for agreeing to Miss Longsdon's longer stay in this neighbourhood - modest, gentle and affectionate with warm desire to make good use of opportunity now has for improvement. She requires much encouragement. Christened Alfred yesterday. Intends to visit Thornbridge on Thursday, 23 accompanied by his niece. News of friends. Is their son James become an inhabitant of the cottage? Lady day did not pass without his brother and sister enquiring; and note from Elizabeth. - 1814

374 - 18 April 1814 William Longsdon to Mother via Miss Morewood on great improvement in Bessy - looks and spirits. Great political changes - impossible to form more than very general judgement. John's journey put off. Probably leave for Derbyshire in May. - 1814

375 - Longsdon. Father to James Longsdon - Just received from John paper containing formal announcement to Lord Mayor of London of Convention for suspension of hostilities by sea and land between Great Britain and France by Lord Bathurst - no doubt Harbinger of Honourable Peace. Intelligence came at critical time for Lancaster Fair - will have considerable effects - hopes he will take all advantages circumstances have left him. Sent James by Mr Needham £260 which thinks likely to be enough - but if opportunity to lay out something further to apparent advantage take it and agree with Salthouse to send him a bill which writer can easily do on James' arrival at home. He must be sure to write by Monday Mail on account Chesterfield Fair. - 29 Apr 1814

376 - London. John Longsdon to Mother, William and writer much obliged by present; proved very useful. Treated Alfred Barrow and Bessy to a little cold tongue to breakfast. Hears she has spent agreeable hours with Miss Morewood accompanied by two very nice little girls - hopes to see young Helen strengthened by country air. Bought half a crowns worth of food for mind by order of Mr M who is going to Thornbridge by Waggon, also 4 pounds of roasted cocoa for Uncle Gardam, which writer thinks he and she would like - try a little before sending it to Cliff and if she wants more let writer know. Writer recommends it to Mrs Barker too - "tis an excellent thing for weakly people". Family gossip, outings with Bessy. William talks of coming down with Bessy in 10 days if convenient. Letter from Forsyth - health quite restored wishes himself in Pancras Lane again. Voyage to Jamaica has in all probability saved life so whether Mr Williams, the surgeon, was uncautious or not he was right in the main point. Let writer know if she hears anything about Lieutenant George Barker, writer has heard nothing of him or the Badger. William and writer comfortable in new lodgings. Wishes Uncle John could come to see the Emperors, Kings, Nobles, Generals, etc. - 14 May 1814

377 - 25 May 1814 London. John Longsdon to James Longsdon. Thanks for handsome present of hung beef - excellent and highly esteemed. Letter by Thomas Gardam very middling account of his prospects for farming this year, sorry he starts with so many difficulties though eventually they will all be overcome and seem of lesser consequence than do now. As no detailed arrangement has been made by Father, writer thinks he will keep giving up land to James as he finds himself relieved by quitting his hands of unnecessary business. Will learn more on William's return which cannot be said in correspondence. No immediate prospect of going abroad. Thanks for taking care of his young pointer out of Ned Newton's bitch. Expects it to be very fine young whelp. - 1814

378 - 26 May 1814 London. John Longsdon to Mother by William whose birthday she would remember yesterday. 24 years old for the youngest son may well enough account for a few grey locks. Writing to congratulate on return of Bessy and William. William can tell her of family at Clapton. All dined there on Sunday. Writer went more to avoid appearance of ill than anything else. This is probably the last attention writer will make to that affair. - 1814

379 - 20 June 1814 London. John Longsdon to Mother. Glad she thinks Bessy improved by her London residence, hopes she thinks William so too. Heads here full of gaiety - nothing serious thought of. Bessy fortunate in paying visit before all this began for although it pleases for the moment all comfort is destroyed. - 1814

380 - 29 June 1814 London. John Longsdon to James Longsdon. Thanks for letter by William. Although what hears of James is not altogether good it is far from bad; dislike most unfavourable report of health; begs him to be cautious - especially in making himself hot and taking too much exercise. Whatever an old school and prejudiced neighbourhood may say about a man working like a horse - writer's opinion is that he better consults the ends and objects of his labours by more moderate use of bodily powers and more active use of his mental or discretionary faculties. William seems better for visit. Little to say on William's conversation with James - his sentiments just what expected - he, William and writer have one common object; to do what they can to contribute to happiness of Mother and sisters in any sinister event happening to Father. In meantime if James makes that regular provision for them which writer thinks he means to do and will only be prevented from doing by a delay which makes it impossible will be unnecessary for them to interfere with the regulation. If he does not, it is well that they understand each other that his intention shall be religiously acted on. Regrets Father so dissatisfied with James' purchase of cattle for him; does not know any remedy for uneasiness it must make but a determination not to act for him again. For if a man must subject himself to censure and abuse it ought to be for some great object. Further reflection of Father's displeasure and anger if humour not exactly met. Do not spend much time with him and avoid occasion of disagreement. Wishes to hear of James being comfortable and has done all he could to render Father so but writer now knows it to be in vain: too much dissatisfaction with his own family and servants and too poor an opinion of everybody about him to be happy. No new information about writer's own plans. Mr Forsyth's near return makes it probable that writer's stay in this house cannot be very long. First object is get living in honourable way without applying to Father for help. Not very deep in debt and owe nothing except to Mr M. Writer will try to go abroad but opportunity unlikely this year. If not William and writer expects James to visit them at Christmas. May be long before all three shall be together after that time. - 1814

381 - London. William Longsdon to Mother - Mr M. Samuel Gardam and writer got well here. Only I vacant seat inside Traveller Coach at Newhaven - so took 2 outside. Weather very favourable - worried about Mr M's eyes he having rode nearly all way outside. Looks better than in Derbyshire and eyes recovering. Comfortably settled for work again - much refreshed by easy month at Longsdon. Counting House busier now. John looking pretty well and quite satisfied that the Kings had gone again. Things seem to have been strangely confused while they were here. Had Father seen the bustle on all sides he would never have thought about bustle at Longsdon again. Mr M told them of rejoining her. Newington Green looks much quieter. Greenhouse plants all in order and no fragments of coaches, wheelbarrows, horses and dolls to be seen. Change not calculated to make one merrier. Little S Gardam welcome receipt at Camperwell. Goes with his Aunt Hannah on Monday to see the Nelson MN launched. So large and fine a ship was never built before. Tell Bessy plants and letters delivered at Newington Green and gladly received by the Misses Hetherington. Tell Miss Wilkes her letter is gone by the Packet to sail in a few days. - 2 Jul 1814

382 - 8 July 1814 London. William Longsdon to James Longsdon. Tomorrow box will be sent to James' address at Great Longstone per Pickfords Waggon which should be at Chesterfield on Saturday 16th - one coat blue, 1 waistcoat; 1 pair top boots; 2 pair candlesticks; 6 teaspoons - value 42/-; 1 pair snuffers; 1 razor strip 2/6; 2 1bs tea; whole of James' commissions. Candlesticks James will be pleased to receive as a joint contribution from John and writer towards his housekeeping. Snuffer present from T Gardam and are handsome indication of his goodwill - cost 25/- though only plated. Other expenses will be sent and in meantime encloses account current of £5 John held of James' money and credits him for 6/- he has paid writer as balance and £10 that writer received from James at Longstone which he will take proper note of and remember that writer only has now an account with him at all. £35 also received at Longstone is at James credit with Morewood and Forsyth. Canals order for bottled ........ considerable expense. Mr Morewood commented as they went to Newhaven "Your Brother has only to humour your Father a little to enjoy as pleasant a situation as anybody I know. His habits are now so fixed by time that they will not alter". - 1814

383 - 11 July 1814 Islington. John Longsdon to Mother - Hears she is visiting Miss Walker at Youlgreave. William in far better health. They are very comfortable - many pleasant evenings in this room. Many things combine to make writer more pleased with return from Mediterranean than ever contemplated at time. Plague continues to be felt in business operations still - consequent stagnation must have deprived MWH of power to do any great things for him had writer remained - now free to set about anything that may promise good while William goes steadily on gaining information and respectability in very pleasant manner. 2 days ago Mr Forsyth rejoined them in good health now they can go on famously when trade gets into regular channels which is sufficient security for going into exhaustive business - not yet the case. Continent still unsettled. Mr M. intends to spend month at Thornbridge. 12 July - Yesterday heard of safe arrival at Hamburg of Mr Hagemeister and Alfred Barrow - affairs as far settled and approaching normal as expected. Thomas Gardam has joined Lawrence Joll and Lawrence as salesman to live and sleep in house and receive salary for 1st year to defray expenses. Each year ought to do something more. William, TG and writer dined with Dennis' on Sunday - old people about 80 each. All family well and pleased to have Sam with them - nice lad very like his Father in every feature. Other family news. William gives droll account of new housekeeper at Cottage. William, writer and TG have sent him presents so hope he will be in good humour for a month. Will do him much good to live alone a year or two and after that writer should like to see him married. As to William and writer - this getting money by mercantile operation is such uphill work that they stand no chance of being able to keep wives these 10 years. If you see his good Doctor [Melland] at Youlgreave pray make writer's respects and tell him writer has strictly followed his advice in taking roast beef, mutton, etc and have used no other medicine, except camomile tea and never felt better in his life. Writer's best Doctor or rather Doctress lives at Thornbridge, sorry to hear she is not quite so well as usual. Writer is afraid those young ones plague her too much [Miss Mackmurdo?] - 1814

384 - 28 July 1814 London. William Longsdon to Mother. Thanks for letter by George Whateley. W Whateley entered new business and at best of times one difficult to succeed in. No good reports have ...... and with a lost character - what could he hope for. Little relation S Gardom had a pleasant reception from his friends. Slept 2 nights at their lodgings and seemed to enjoy himself. TG not then in a situation - took him to a variety of places where his aunts could not go. Admires Old Dennises exceedingly - extraordinary secret of perfect contentment and with a very limited income; are oftener congratulating selves on what they have then complaining of what they have not. TG got fresh employment with a very respectable house. [Family chit chat] - 1814

385 - 29 July 1814 London. William Longsdon to James Longsdon. Glad box safely delivered and contents on whole what James wished. As to waistcoat being copy of last fault not with newness £10 enclosed for Mr M will be credited in James account Pleased Father and James both without notes on the insolvent banks - writer was worried. See as much of Mr M as James can - lacks interest in farming. James' general farming does not sound very successful but not particularly bad either. Beef remains high in London. Wishes Father had sold his corn - do not anticipate any advance to compensate him from risk. Account current enclosed. Will pay bootmaker if can get discount. Tailor must wait for James' next remittance. - 1814

386 - 12 Aug 1814 London. William Longsdon to Mother - Family visiting. John writing to Mr M with account stewardship - Breakfast at his house twice a week and look through the farmyard and garden. All well except 1 guinea fowl dead. Will Bessy send by Mr M pair of Nankeen garters that James left at Bakewell the night of the Ball and to make and put up large box of lip salve. - 1814

387 - 25 Aug 1814 London. John Longsdon to Father. Acknowledges reception of joint letter by William and writer on 3 of this month; pleasing and truly glad to know [will in hand] to produce comfort and support honour of weaker branches of father's family. Approach to general good trade much less rapid than expected at peace with France. Prices of goods improving in Mediterranean and North Sea and their trade with Hamburg getting pleasant. Manchester trade still as variable and competitive. Would not willingly have to do with that Trade - prefer general Trade. Occasionally enquiries about land in Prince Edward Island; not actual sum can be obtained for it here - and most probably no where else. Land on sea shares may become valuable in North America at no distant period - that in interior must wait a century or so before it will be valuable for tillage. They were all cheated by Peter Hope - gain nothing but experience. Glad MWH Morewood has written him a pleasant letter. Various reports daily about negotiations at Ghent. Meantime Americans keeping mastery of lakes and beating them on shore. Their reinforcements should put end to childish warfare of past 2 years. Good American trade would leave them little to wish for in Pancras Lane, provided Europe remains tranquil. - 1814

388 - 7 Sep 1814 London. William Longsdon to James Longsdon acknowledging receipt of £25 to his credit. Gargol season seems to have been bad amongst cows and disappointment in selling mal à propos. Anxious to know if Father can meet all expenses without sinking capital; his balance with M&F is circa £30. If they could once establish that farm yielded an income sufficient to cover his expenses and left a small surplus - even if only £5, they would feel easy. Realise capacity in the land to do much more but their present wish has very moderate bounds. Commercial world anxious about negotiations at Ghent. If amicable close, better chance for John to find more active and lucrative employment. Meanwhile only patience. Hopes Hamburg trade will recompense for disappointment caused by plague in Malta. Understand from Father that settling affairs with Mr Bossley; fearful of slow progress. - 1814

389 - 15 Sep London. John Longsdon to Mother. Fine autumnal weather, air clear, cool and bracing. Hope no corn spoiled either by rain in fields or by leaving stacks uncovered on a Saturday night. No plans for writer. Mr M most kind. Father told William and writer that he would make his will - sorry he has not yet done so - surprised he can feel comfortable. This year would have completely ruined their business concern and much real estate must have made up deficiency. Retreat was much too late but further delay would have been dreadfully distressing. William and writer hope James will come for Christmas. Miss Barrow has finished drawing of House and sorry it cannot accompany Mr B tonight. She will soon see it - capital drawing. If likes it framed, she should have it framed at Manchester or Sheffield.

390 - 15 Sep 1814 William Longsdon to Mother [Chit chat about health and friends and M Barrow's visit to Derbyshire]. - 1814

391 - 20 Oct 1814 London. John Longsdon to Mother [Family chit chat]. Sent box for Mr Barker on 15th which was to leave London by Pickfords Waggon on 17 addressed to care of Mr D Hill, Chesterfield. William and writer have agreed to stay winter with their landlady - painted and papered sitting room; on whole in good quarters. Badger arrived in Channel a week ago but no letters reached writer from Malta or Lieutenant G Barker - hopes he will be in Town soon. James' letter of 14 arrived - thanks him for handsome present of game. Most useful present they have had was bacon which came with some eggs and enjoyed it very much. By and by they will petition for some more. + Note from William - why does not James reply to invitations to come to London this winter? - 1814

392 - 24 Oct 1814 John Longsdon to James. Enclosed bill for £30 on Robarts & Co accepted and of James' credit, the other for £14. 10s enclosed herewith. Hopes little difficulty getting principal and charges repaid - noting 3.6 in consequence of great distance which ............. lives from exchange. As season not good, see no reason to be disheartened at close of it. Thanks for handsome present of game. Tell Father they delay sending him a weekly paper instead of his present one whilst they have so much interesting news from America and at the point of a meeting of Parliament. If he still wishes change, it shall be done any day. Letter from George Barker of Badger. At Shearness. Sent him small cloaks in Mr Barker's box on 15 of this month - a fashionable colour and hope they please. - 1814

393 - 7 November 1814 London. John Longsdon to James Longsdon. Mr Forsyth wishes James to procure from any Gamekeeper a basket of Game and all expenses will be punctually repaid. If James does not object, please send to John's address a brace of pheasants and brace of hares if Burgoyne at Wainwright would kill them for James for a guinea - or if can only get 1 pheasant and 2 hares or vice versa still send them provided the price is in proportion. If James objects let writer know immediately and he will explain to Mr F. If practicable do it immediately as week already lost in expectation of writing by George, Barker and Mr F is in a hurry. Hope James recovers bill £14. 10s expenses on Samuel Taylor. Expecting to hear James coming for Christmas - Suspects it last time writer can write him for some years. If James can send pheasants, please wrap in paper before putting in hamper - preserves plumage better. - 1814

394 - London. John Longsdon to James Longsdon - 13 Nov 1814

395 - 15 November 1814 London. William Longsdon to Mother. Hoped to send letter by Lieutenant G Barker but left town without calling on them. Learns by letter from Longsdon that he is now about returning to vessel again. War with America still requires large naval force - Gib's ship one of those kept in commission. Hardly any earthly recompense for man who grows old in service. Regret Father's business with Mr Bossley still deferred. Weather grows wintry - need fires in evening and still dispenses with luxury in morning. Met Henry Wright of Cutthorpe at a dancing party; modest genteel looking young man. Commercial affairs brightening. Note from JL - happy about Mother's account of self and daughter. - 1814

396 - 19 Dec 1814 London. William Longsdon to Mother, John and writer very happy with general tendency of her letters. Information of late change in Pancras Lane would come as surprise - putting aside consideration due to Mr Forsyth's case congratulates her on prospect of seeing John finally remain an inhabitant of England - though knows she would not stand in his way if needed to seek a station abroad. Glad she helps James get ready for his journey. They both willingly accede to her request to attend the sacrament on Christmas Day. Mrs Thomas Whateley in straw again; does not know if boy or girl, but must call on Dr to congratulate him. Mr W Whateley has engaged John Longsdon but does not know details. Addendum from John - changed plans, remain in London. Mr Morwood very friendly. Writer feels comfortable. William had cold. Losing patience with James' irresolution. Tell him to fix day. - 1814

397 - 24 Dec 1814 London. John Longsdon to James. If no better arrangement made to be at Chesterfield 8 o'clock Thursday morning 29 of this month and take seat in 1st coach which can accommodate James "True Briton" or the "Hope" arrive in London 2 or 4 the following afternoon. Send luggage in advance to House at which "True Briton calls" - and if no inside seat remove to 3 Horse Shoes at which Hope calls - Never been stuck on road except in snow at Chapel once. James must get there on Friday for writer has asked some gentleman to dinner to meet him on Saturday. Say if he is bringing any eatables with him. In London call a porter or waiter at House will call one for him and tell him to carry James' luggage to 5 Pancras lane. William or writer may meet him but as do not know which coach do not rely on it. - 1814

398-404 - 18 May 1814, 5 July, 28 July 1814, 20 Aug 1814, 19 Nov 1814, 20 Dec 1814, 3 March 1815. Letters from Maria Longsdon at Mount Pleasant to James Longsdon but addressed to Mrs Longsdon senior [Grandmother]. Lamenting that James left Manchester without talking with her Father who comments that James no intention of marrying her. Discussing James' avoidance of conversation with her father, her father's conviction that James would never marry her and that their goings on prevented anyone else doing so, her distress at being parted from her daughter Harriet, put out to nurse, father's railings, Uncle Anthony's and Peter's indignation. Inability to marry on James' income, confinement to house, father's cruel treatment, birth in July, death and burial in August of her baby son James, daughter Harriet to be 2 years old in November, news of James' penurious housekeeping and proposed visit to metropolis. Shocked that friends met him at the Play in Bakewell, and threat to move into Cottage while he is away. Meanderings about Uncle Anthony having been willing to buy James' part of Colonel. Wright's sale. March - distress over death of friend - news of James Longsdon, book - Keeper at Dye Works - visits at weekend and entertains them with stories of Americans and Indians. Her only objection that he is such a scantified Methodist that cannot make mirth with him - expects his brother John any day who is going to live in Liverpool. Trade in bad way - dreads Revolution - men writing very threatening language on Walls of Exchange Building. Pleased with Heavy Tax on Bachelors wish it was 10 times as much for his sake. Harriet been very ill.

405 - 5 April 1815 Broughton. Maria Lees to James Longsdon. Overseer of Broughton told Nurse that unless Maria's father would give security to Parish they would have writer and her removed to the Parish that father of her belonged. If he does not make settlement, Maria will send child into Derbyshire - and come over and tell writer's Grandmother her errand. - 1815

406 - 27 March 1816 Bakewell. Maria Lees to James Longsdon. `Dear Sir' Writer determined to have written settlement for child. She has been using Finch as go between. If not, will bring child to him and he can look after her and have her as a housekeeper. - 1816

407 - 4 April 1823 Agreement between James Longsdon of Longsdon and Esther Goodwin of Salford, Manchester to pay Esther 5/- weekly to bring up and educate Harriet Longsdon, natural child of late Maria Lees of Manchester. - 1823

408 - 22 Jan 1815 Islington. John Longsdon to Mother. Many plans discussed with James - thinks has met with a greater stimulus to execution than hitherto case and if so some good may come of it. Many pleasant hours. James' health not quite so strong as writer imagines - and does not manage it properly. When Mr M asked writer to stay with him and writer agreed; made William's continuance with him less desirable as far as their views of forming own establishment were concerned, Writer has been thinking:- situation must be abroad for their friends need no agents in England. Only United States fits. He would start by acting for Mr M and few friends in England, aided by some co-operation with Edmund and perhaps few other American connections - Suits William's ideas. Peace about to be ratified - excellent opportunity. Mr M approves and ready to release William and lend assistance. Parents consent needed. William's health good. Expect Edmund Morwood there by Midsummer and that William will go back with him. James brings a brooch for her which can be exchanged and have bought a little Port wine - Expects to have a habitation in which she can visit him. - 1815

409-410 - 23 Jan 1814 [actually 1815] William Longsdon to Mother. 4 Feb 1815. London. John Longsdon to James Longsdon - Thanks for letter of 31st concerning full compliance of their wishes in subject of annexed copy of what writer has written to his Father which sends to him for his and Mother's information - refer to James to say whether too much said to Father in answer to such unfeeling and ill-judged expressions. Consulted Mr Ross day after James left, he is enquiring about farms in his neighbourhood. In meantime writer will do all he can to meet James' views. Copy J L to Father. William and writer sorry to hear of his indisposition and hoped next letter would have informed them of his recovery. Principal motive for writing in consequence of his communication through James of 31 of last month in answer to proposal from William and writer respecting his undertaking some business in America - James was requested to inform them of his and Mother's sentiments. Last few years little prepared them to expect in answer to a proposal calling on him for nothing but assent to a measure founded on reason and supported by every honest principle, a cold message about caution and hurry and still less an inconsiderate condemnation without advancing better arguments against it than opposite political opinions to Government of country. In undertakings state of his pecuniary affairs has been studied and their conduct guided by most delicate forbearance from anything which might bring to his recollection losses of a moderate share of real caution which his sons both proposed and practised 3 or 4 years ago would have saved him from. Has he anything to offer in lieu of this proposal? He says present situations are satisfactory - agree but satisfactory as preparatory stations in which to acquire necessary knowledge for forming an establishment whenever opportunity should offer. William's situation - pecuniary advantage inadequate to his maintenance and his years residence in London must leave him deeper in debt. This without the slightest reflection on Mr Morewood's liberality. What they principally hope for now is that on reconsidering matters father will have seen it in its true light and not suffer any prejudice against Americans to influence his just judgement. - [1815]

411 - 10 February 1815 Islington. John Longsdon to Father. In last year William and John often regretted his lack of ease and tranquility - thought only thing necessary was a liberal frankness with his family, and willingness to make them participants in his labours and little resolution not to imagine himself over worked with business with no one to help him. They have spent good deal of money though no bad account so that although they have diminished his income he has laid it out profitably. Confident that sisters will always have happy asylum with their brothers. Virtue of solidity enough in family but cannot be happy unless he trusts them. Do not want to pry into his secrets but to help him. 11 Feb. No news. Congratulates him on expiry of Property Tax - saves writer £40 in this next year. - 1815

412 - 12 February 1815 Islington. John Longsdon to James Longsdon - Hopes recent letters to Father helped. Hopes he should act to James and Mother. Glad she enjoys good health - though expect to hear of it giving way unless their Father mends soon. Ross continuing enquiries - delay more active search until James requests it. Negotiations with Colonel W[right] cannot last long. Wine has not gone off a day or two ago. James' books etc. will go by waggon on Saturday 18th in box addressed to Chesterfield. Ought to arrive Saturday following. William and writer have taken new lodgings. - 1815

413 - No date William Longsdon to James - Much obliged by late letters though they brought them unwelcome news. Father takes disingenuous view of his own proceedings. They do not forget James' farming plans. No news about America. Have bought James a box to raise instantaneous light with - dip match slightly in bottle - hold down vents keep whole apparatus dry and wipe off moisture from bottle neck once a week - charge 7/-. Enquiry about bad note - person who gave it to James can be compelled to refund if he can swear it was faulty.

414 - William Longsdon to James Longsdon. Enclosed written in a hurry for John Longsdon who meant to set off yesterday. Sending James' things by waggon which does not leave London till Saturday 18th. J Longsdon will bring light box. Reference to other small commissions including truss £2. 10s and tooth powder 2/- - 13 Feb 1815

415 - 9 March 1815 London. John Longsdon to Mother. Referring to letter to Father of 10/11 Feb with copy. William and writer think Father's uneasiness partly because of diminished property and possibly a little not having made a will - thought a free declaration of their principles and intentions best. Only answer 2 lines telling them their letter was satisfactory and declining because of health to go into any explanatory matter. They thought Father would show letter to her and James. Clear that he has not, so they are telling her about it and she can show this to Father and James. William and writer have frequently requested father to employ his disposable property in providing for Bessy and Kate and to omit any provision for William and writer. Trusts he will apportion a fair considerable sum to each of them even if he does not choose to do anything more. - 1815

416 - 10 March 1815 London. William Longsdon to Mother. Glad she doesn't object to American plans which go forward. No answer from Father. Glad she engages in repairs to House - delayed quite long enough. If send measurements for parlour carpet and paper, William will suit taste at lower price than Sheffield. Balance of Father's account with Morewood after paying for wine £9 so better make a remittance - cannot doubt doing so when writer looks at a small amount of her household expenses for last year - with exception of taxes, £200 will pay whole including incidental expenses for Bessy and Kate such as Postchaise or Assembly. Expect James' expenses at Cottage might be more. - 1815

417 - 16 April 1815 Islington. John Longsdon to James - Glad money enough. Regarding £30 bill - had only just time to present it for payment and get cash - by holding Bill a day after it became due James released the endorser from all responsibility and even the drawer if the party on whom bill drawn had failed after its maturity. Bill not accepted, therefore no security. William & John regret James agrees that Father should delay 3 months making will - will be new reasons for delay in 3 months time. Résumé of recent correspondence with Father on subject. Mother thinks Father not be hurt if James took a Farm in this county. Father writes James and he better separated. Please consult with Mother again. Listen for Father's requests for help but do not give advice or solicitation. When disagree in opinion do not say anything. Leave things to natural course as much as possible. Passing of Corn Bill has pushed up rents and farmers keep land which they meant to give up. Difficult to get farm here. - 1815

418 - 12 May 1815 London. John Longsdon to Father. William just written about plans of going to United States - much remains to be decided after arrival at New York. E Morewood intends to come to England after W Hulley's return to New York - so best for William to go with Hulley - Autumn good time. Glad to think Father approves of principle. Mr David Ross, intimate friend of Mr Barrow and Mr M [Morewood] wants information about respectable lodging houses or failing that hotels in Matlock for holiday - wife, 3 children, carriages, horses. Merchant and farmer in Essex. Addendum: William to Mother - sending 2 parcels by Pickfords Waggon leaving on Monday 15 directed to be left at Mr Kenworthy's hairdresser, Chesterfield - thought James might be visiting - Warn Mr Kenworthy. Border for Parlour Paper will require cutting round edges according to enclosed Pattern. - 1815

419 - 3 May 1815 London. John Longsdon to Mother. Glad she is well enough to garden again. Sorry Father delays making will - shall not say much more - does not really matter because of his sons' agreement. William will write to him about intention of going to US with W Hulley in later Summer. Thanks James for stockings - very good ones but neither uncommonly cheap or well made about ankles. Credit him with 28/- for 6 pairs. Notes what she says about James taking farm in south of England. - 1815

420 - 6 May 1815 London. William Longsdon to Father. Glad to hear money arrangement with Mr M to his satisfaction. Writer has taken £25 on father's account from Mr M to purchase things Mother wants to execute intended repairs about house. Pleased with reaction to plan for going to America. Having no Capital must begin business as an Agent or Commissioner confining self exclusively to execution of such orders as can get for produce of country and when advantageous sale of consignments from England - Recompense at 4%. Should be able to organise some business out of extensive intercourse between Middle and Northern States which may be effected with a little of Mr E M's patronage. W Hulley going back in July so probably come to Derbyshire in June. Addendum to Mother: Has executed commissions with help of three ladies whom she knows - By waggon that sets out on Saturday 19 to Camers Warehouse in Chesterfield. Carpet for Parlour and Bedroom. Hoped to get them off today but could not. Test whether old paper will strike its colour through new one when wet paste applied. If so use a lining paper. - 1815

421 - 4 June 1815 Manchester. P Longsdon to nephew James; happy to meet him in the Dale next Wednesday and bring Hulley with him. Hopes to spend a week with him and expects he will make some progress in art of angling. Shame to live on one of best trout streams in Kingdom and not be able to kill a brace for his supper. Shan't forget to bring his mother some lemons. - 1815

422 - 6 June 1815 London. William to Mother - Glad to hear she has got the carpet and paper. Hope to be with her about 27th this month - don't know whether leave from London or Liverpool. W Whateley has quite dropped business connections and lives in Doctor's house at Isleworth with his family. - 1815

423 - 20 July 1815 London. John to Mother - will received. Dividend for Father. Congratulate Kate on improved handwriting. Centurion not yet began to load - sees no chance of getting away before mid-August - gives William ample time - Later he arrives in New York less risk of unpleasantness from heat. Hulley aboard ship this morning and engaged 2 adjoining berths. Cabin as smart as a drawing room. Plans seem about to mature for general happiness, James disposed to go hand in hand with them. - 1815

424 - 7 August 1815 William to Mother. Thank Bessy and James for keys sent on by post. Arrived yesterday without incident - inside place - fortunate because lots of rain. Roads this side Leicester quite dirty. John better than when writer left him. Probably leave next Saturday. Tell James dogs should be sent off on or before 20th. W Hulley seems pleased with them and hope Mr Edmund Morewood will be equally so. - 1815

425 - 13 August 1815 Cromer. T Barker to James Longsdon. In convenient lodgings. Mrs B and children bathe pretty frequently. Letter from brother on 9th says Gorgled Cows are better. Hopes James will write soon with account of farming concern. How pastures hold out, and eddishes grown, when corn likely to be ripe, little fruit in garden of various sorts especially grapes and how is Samuel Wragge's arm. No chance of selling fat cow because got gorgle - perhaps one or both cows should be put in Eddish. So limit number of milk cows to be put in to 2 which give most milk - bow horned cow and one writer brought off James - in about a fortnight. 2 calves should be put in meadow. Is writer's lambs' wool sold? Does not expect to return before end of 1st full week in September. Before end of this month desires William or Sheldar to discharge all persons from sporting on his farm in Bakewell. Begs James will take Dido out when he like for both Partridge and Grouse. Understands from mother no chance of crop of turnips. Enquiring about bulling bow horned cows. - 1815

426 - 16 Aug 1815 London. William Longsdon to mother - Glad she is better. Does not know when he sails: vessel neap - tides don't rise to heights to permit leaving dock. Loading over 16 or 17 heads in cabin including 3 ladies, 1 female servant and 4 children. Amongst gentlemen Swede/Prussian/American and rest English. Probably reach New York in 7 weeks after fairly under sail - 45 days good passage. Preparations finished. Matters still same at Newington Green. Miss Barrow waits on her sister. Addendum for John. Think they will sail on Sunday - have pleasant passage. Thanks to father for very kind letter of 12 Jun - Baby Morewood not yet born - daughter this afternoon. Centurion out of dock. - 1815

427 - 21 August 1815 London. John Longsdon to father. William Hulley and other passengers mustered at Gravesend on Saturday night - spent pleasant evening - went aboard at noon yesterday - anchor up. Ship being fairly under sail, writer left her. William in great spirits - tranquil and cheerful over having left London. Remounted and from high ground above saw her running finely for the Nore - rode back through Eltham and Croydon. Home by 10. Harvest nearly finished, corn generally of good quality. - 1815

428 - 24 Aug Off Deal. William Longsdon to father - will be clear of channel in 12 hours. Plenty of good stars - sending this by pilot.

429 - 29 August 1815 Rowdale. Elizabeth Morewood to James Longsdon junior - distressed letter about return of a letter? by a lady of the Longsdon family. - 1815

430 - Centurion Latitude 478 Longitude 22. William Longsdon to mother - sail in sight - may be able to send line - sailing 21 days - not quite completed 1st round of voyage - wind almost continually adverse but weather fine. Hopes to be in New York in Mid-Oct. - 10 Sep 1815

431 - 27 Sept 1815 London. John Longsdon to mother - pleased with settlement have means amongst them to be comfortable. William makes case of Centurion worse than it is - only 15 or 16 days out from Deal - and with head winds done very well. - 1815

432 - 29 Sept 1815 Manchester. Will send some cocoa when opportunity offers. ? Anthony Longsdon to James Longsdon junior. Brother Peter informs writer James has seen Colonal Wright who now intends to sell estate in Little Longstone by auction in allotments on 24 Oct. If writer can purchase, to pay him 5% per annum and let it upon lease to James so that James thinks he could make fair profit farming it. Writer intends to purchase £1500 - £2000. If purchase could be made to reciprocal interest value the different allotments and average highest price worth to him per acre and contract with Colonel Wright should no more be bid than they offer by private purchase to buy it in himself to avoid auction duty. - 1815

433 - 10 October 1815 London. John Longsdon to father. Has been very busy. Little doubt William now at New York - glad he has completed his business with Mr Bossley - accept sincere thanks. - 1815

434 - 14 Oct 1815 Manchester. Anthony Longsdon to James - if interested come to see writer or write by return. - 1815

435 - 15 October 1815 Islington. John Longsdon to mother. Her letter and Bessy's sent on to William. May hear from him by 1 December - but do not be hurt or disappointed if not until a fortnight later. Mr M showing more confidence in writer and could not show more if John were his partner. Good business in last week or two. Miss William's company less than she might think because pleasantly occupied in thinking how to do business with him. Will Bessy send Camomile flowers and other 3 volumes of History of England by early opportunity by coach or waggon. Have almost finished 1st volume and having had so little time for reading during last 2 years when he gets home at any reasonable hour with a cheerful little fire he feels it a luxury to sit down and read a few pages - although history is not the most engaging sort of reading. Remain in present lodgings during winter for as writer can come the whole way without risk, by keeping the high road which is his invariable practice at night - very comfortably fixed. William left some paper bordering which shall be sent at first good opportunity. - 1815

436 - 21 Oct 1815 Manchester. Anthony Longsdon to brother John Longsdon at Longston near Bakewell. Thanking for information about land for sale in Little Longstone. If it can't be got to pay more than 3-4% writer will decline purchasing any of it - but cannot foresee what may be done till after they have tried to sell it by auction. Provided James can purchase pt. of land for self which he thinks can turn to good account, writer will lend him some money agreeable to John's request, or if there is any land adjoining John's that he purchases and can't get his money in time, writer will lend it to him. John can pay writer back in year at time. - 1815

437 - William, New York per the John Tobin, Liverpool, to father and mother - 24 Oct 1815

438 - 30 Oct 1815 [Received 6 Dec]. New York. William Longsdon to mother. Views town favourably - buildings not so large as in London or Liverpool but streets were free and open - none of very crowded places so common in large towns in England where lowest class of people collect to annoyance of more respectable parts of neighbourhood. Mr E M showed writer way to his county house one day last week. Very nice place about 2½ miles outside city - not equal to Thornbridge. Comments on little girl and her parents. In week or two cold weather will begin and all families will remove from country into city. Dined Sunday at Mr Ogden's - Mrs Morewood's brother in law - house on banks of a large moor opposite side of which covered with timber and some villages are mixed up and down. Mrs O[ogden] and sister Mrs E M very pleasant women, elegant in manner. Went to church with them in morning. Almost everything performed after English custom except that the duty is executed better and with more solemnity than generally heard it in England. In certain degree fashionable here to go to church, and among the ministers competition for eminence. Left Washington Hall Hotel last Friday - now settled in boarding house with 7 or 8 other young men. Invariable practice here to let board and lodgings. 2 rooms such as writer had in London would cost at least 100 guineas a year. Many places take 20 or 30 boarders and put 3 or 4 beds in a room. Compelled to hear so much stupid talk about politics, and when the people got on this subject they seem to lose half their senses. In their house all English except one American. This odd democrat finds wisest to hold his tongue. On whole pretty comfortable. Few well informed men amongst Company and as all in business news of day generally discussed at dinner. Always pleasant, sometimes useful hints may be collected. Servants 2 black maids and child - occasionally wonder how she would like to be waited on by such uncouth looking creatures. Servants very lazy and seldom remain more than 1 month in 1 place but that is the case all over the country - another evil arising from coarse notions of liberty prevalent in this part of the world. All fellow passengers now dispersed - only know 2 boarding at Washington Hall Hotel. 10 Nov. Weather very fine, neither too hot nor too cold. Seasonable for walking - opportunity of seeing few New York ladies - in general might please people more whimsical than writer is. Mix English and French fashion a good deal in dress but adorn themselves with considerable taste and elegance. Dancing amusement pretty much adopted in winter - think will be found too much a novice. Only cheap things writer has seen in this boasted land of liberty and plenty are various kinds of poultry and wild fowl. A good turkey 2/6 and fine wild goose of 12 or 14 lbs 6 or 7 shillings. Whatever go into a shop for is at least 100% dearer than in England and frequently two. Even bread is as dear as in London and a bottle of best english porter at an Hotel 4/- or 4/6. Beer and ale they brew moderately good. - 1815

439 - 6 November 1815 London. John Longsdon to James Longsdon - acknowledging letter of 4th and receipt of remittance £30 cash and £30 note - £60 altogether. Mr Morewood willing to receive his money and allow him interest upon it. Letter gloomy but must make most of their resources. Not necessary to say anything further to Mr M about land - thinks he will let James have it. Mr George Morewood thinks of offering James his Flaxlow bottom and writer has engaged that James would be glad to have it at fair rent. It would be very hard for James to lose the Calder hills after having improved them so much. Hope won't be case. Worst of all is very low state of their finances - will write to James in few days about lottery tickets draw. Will see to Mr Barker's men. Hopes to meet with Coffee in few days to his mind. Tuesday Morning Writer's own situation is becoming very pleasant. Time at hand when income will exceed expenditure. William well acquainted with writer's sentiments - he has recently refrained accepting offers by Mr M to do business on own account because thinks could promote James' and William's interests more by not doing. Hints at refraining from marriage because does not wish to weaken family by any detachment from it. William excellent prospects but needs help for year or two. Begs James not to complain to mother and sisters about father's treatment of him. - 1815

440 - 11 November 1815 Islington. John Longsdon to Mother. Thanks for lipsalve. - 1815

441 - New York. Per Pacific via Liverpool. William Longsdon to father. John mentions that Mr M written to him explaining nature of pecuniary assistance consented to afford writer - handsome and liberal. Business rather stagnant after period of briskest operations ever known in New York. Everything which arrived for many months after peace sold at enormous profit but in last few weeks number of ships have come in heavily laden with manufactured goods - overlooked market - volume of goods depreciated by 30%. All parts of country now well supplied. Mr E M very friendly but shouldn't trouble him more than can avoid. Voyage to England now rather uncertain. Great influx of business keeps him at home - has 5 ships in port, some with full cargoes and others ready for new destination. Life and bustle contrasted with forlorn appearance during war enough to make even democrats satisfied with peace, not withstanding unquenchable hatred for England, would not like to change again privilege of a free trade for glorious pleasure of denying themselves comforts of life for sake of oppressing their enemies. Now two Americans in boarding house as generous in political principles as an English man could expect or desire, and 1 Englishman as bitter an enemy to his country as disappointment and revenge can make him. Society on whole comfortable but their landlady does not display more engaging manners a lady might. - 17 Nov 1815

442 - New York. William Longsdon to mother. She may have heard from John that writer is going to Charleston for winter which is principal season for business there. Engaged passage on board brig called the Georgia and hope to sail tomorrow. Charleston 700 miles south of New York - expect to arrive in 8 or 9 days - and return here in spring about beginning April. In the meantime address all letters case of Mr E Morewood - No letters from Longston yet although vessels arriving every day from Liverpool bringing dates down to end October. Letters via London always much longer - please bear in mind. Mr Leech will at any time forward whatever may be sent to him for writer. Hopes to find Mr John Leek in Charleston. Business in English manufactures becoming very bad. Could buy abundance of cotton and woollen goods cheaper than in Manchester or London. Endorsed 18 Jan 1816. Heard today of William. safe arrival at Charleston 11 Dec. - 2 Dec 1815

443 - 6 Dec 1815 Islington. John Longsdon to Mother - Probably know William's safe arrival. Morewood heard yesterday. Dangers of almost unheard of storms surmounted and William in excellent health. Letters today from William 28 Oct and 1 Nov - general reasoning on subjects of business and measures adopting show thoughtfulness and sound judgement. Safe arrival of Criterion important information in St Pancras Lane and to anyone in London. Style in which weathered gales raise her character and make her more valuable to owner. William says he (Mr E Morewood) came aboard outside harbour entrance - anxiety took him 20 miles in a boat. Daresay he was famously pleased. 7 December. Waiting to hear of arrival of William's letter at Longstone on Tuesday morning at latest. Letter of 23 October on which day got to New York was at Liverpool on Sunday and ought to have been with her on Monday or Tuesday. Plain from James' letter not arrived on Tuesday. James' enclosures received - credit him 12/3 for small matter of business. Tell him to weigh all coffee on receipt of it to ascertain net weight - if any deficiency Mr Barker must bear his proportion of loss. Had to pay for 150 lbs - expect 4 or 5 lbs loss. Coffee sent to Waggon Office of Pickford and Co on Thursday and should be at Chesterfield about now. News about Morewood children and family. Cammomile flowers of excellent quality. - 1815

444 - Islington. John Longsdon to James Longsdon - 7 Jan 1816

445 - Charleston, South Carolina. William Longsdon to Mother - does not like Charleston though town pretty well built and streets wide and regular, but country so extremely flat as to have no sort of variety. When walked 2 miles seen as much as if walked 200. Yesterday walked with a countryman. Soon after came to skirts of the city had to cross by boat the Ashley River about a mile wide. On both banks very extensive marshes covered with rushes so that all roads have a foundation of wood - multitude of sticks or branches which forming a light and bulky body will not sink. Over this nothing but a little common earth or sand. No stone within 3 days journey except what imported. After crossing, entered a sort of forest of pine trees - every here and there a patch of cleared or half cleared 20 or 30 acres. Clear by setting fire to them as near root as possible and then stubbing up what remains, when land is worth the labour of this last process. Several paths just wide enough for a carriage. Really curious birds - red bird is brilliant scarlet all except tail which is brown and has small tuft on head. Mockingbird exclusive of its imitative qualities can sing very melodiously. Many others of most beautiful plumage but writer's knowledge of natural history not enough to furnish her with names. After wandering couple of hours without increasing their enthusiasm they returned home and are writer believes only 2 people in Charleston whose feet have carried them a dozen miles on one day this year. What would give her more pleasure than anything writer has mentioned would be to see a small branch plucked from a rosetree containing 5 or 6 beautiful roses and buds, and orange trees loaded with fine fruit - said to be sour but does not take from its appearance which is very rich. People have character for hospitality but does not extend to too much familiarity at least where ladies concerned. At a tea party should stranger be present females range themselves on one side fire and gentleman composedly take the other and after a length of time someone becomes bold enough to break the silence and, if a gentleman, perhaps addresses himself to a lady. The lady if spoken to by a stranger seldom returns any answer larger than a monosyllable - and to quote writer's informant a person is expected after this to go home and say he has passed a very pleasant evening. Must understand that not having been at any tea parties writer does not speak from ocular evidence but believes this custom of rank and file observed respectively by ladies and gentlemen is pretty common. At house where writer boards formalities are dispensed with and ladies 4 or 5 in number would find it difficult to keep the gentlemen under such restrictions were they so disposed. They are social enough but if could get them would prefer private rooms. Interruption by so many people being under 1 roof renders it always necessary to retreat to one's bedroom to read or write. Does not accord with his disposition. Addendum on 9 January to Father. Been here a month without any encouragement to buy cotton - great number of strangers this year and high prices in England - unusual demand for article at most extravagant rates. Considerable part of crop now shipped and yet no appearance of any speedy drop. Probably shall not stay as long as intended. Unless change will set out northwards by land towards end of month staying at some of principal towns in Virginia to see what advantages offer for fixing an establishment though does not think will become inhabitant of that part of country. To reach New York in March and probably spend rest of year there. Travelling here not so good as in England, stages not made on best principles, which together with bad roads, makes long journey serious undertaking. Accommodations of inns are poor. Own health better since writer crossed the Atlantic. 8 January 1816 Received 25 Feb. - 1816

446 - 24 January 1816 Enclosed February 5th, Norfolk, Virginia. Wilmington, North Carolina. William Longsdon to Mother. Left Charleston on 16th somewhat suddenly; arrived here on 23rd after passage of 5 days by sea. Only 200 miles - with favourable weather 30 to 40 hours. Travelling with young man named Wilkes, native of New York, has visited most parts of England and France for commercial purposes, now returning from business tour in southern part of the continent, descended from that Wilkes who was so troublesome in to English Parliament in 1745. Wilmington about 30 miles from coast up Cape Fear River, perhaps 4000 inhabitants, principal sea port of North Carolina - place of considerable business. All surrounding country covered with timber except what little cleared for cultivating rice or cotton - small indeed compared with whole. Introduced to 2 or 3 very respectable people. Means to set out tomorrow for Norfolk, has hired man to take them part way in cart or carriage there being no regular conveyance. Two horses will take them 160 miles in 6 days if no accident, allowing 1 day's stop at town called Newborn. Expect them to fall in with stage and use it for remaining 100 miles to Norfolk. 30 January. Newborn. Arrived last night having with difficulty pulled 98 miles in 4 days, incessant rain made roads bad. Man foresaw this and brought 3 horses. 2 knocked up and left behind 3rd day. 3rd now lame too - so he will not have much of a bargain. Driving through uninterrupted forest - generally a cottage or farmer's house every 5 or 6 miles - always stayed at one at night. People mostly miserably off - raise as much provision as keeps them; chief support being Indian corn, bacon and poultry - usually gave them bacon and eggs and coffee without milk. Fresh meat only once. Considerable crowd at one house, 50 or 60 all in liquor, most noisy, riotous, quarrelsome set of fellows writer ever saw together. Civil to passengers, such as come accidentally amongst them and will accommodate them to best of power. Fine blazing fires from inexhaustible quantity of pine timber, almost without trouble and quite without expense. Every family grows small quantity of cotton which they manufacture into clothing, principally coarse ginghams and checks. That for men usually half wool and though not very neat to look at substantial and durable covering. Spinning all by hand on one spindle, both warp and weft and all other operations equally tedious; expensive. What is worth here 2/- or 2/6 would be made in England for 7d or 8d - but does not remember seeing single individual not weaving this produce of domestic industry and was always told they had not money to lay out. At one or two places amused to find few caricatures hanging up - mostly Bonaparte - one Devil tempting him with Crown of Russia - eagerly snatching at while a lion is pulling him back and protects 2 crowns of Spain and Portugal which has removed from him. Indicate friendliness to England but in general feeling so severe did not care to ask questions. Norfolk. 14 February. Arrived that morning by stage - all well. Passed through several small trading towns and found country much better cultivated. At Plymouth dismissed man who had brought him from Wilmington 170 miles. Crossed Albemarle Sound in boat 20 miles to Edington where joined regular line of stages. Norfolk one of largest and most important places in Virginia circa 15000 population, principal trade in tobacco, naval stores and lumber. Writer will stay few days and go to Richmond and thence to Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia and New York resting at each town so long as business or opportunity of getting useful information requires. 5th. Next letter will be from New York, 500 miles still to go - gets colder as they go north. Here much same as in England except mid-day, usually warmer. - 1816

447 - 1 Feb 1816 London. John Longsdon to James Longsdon. £30 bill cashed and to James' credit with M. £50 not yet received from Miss M but will duly appear. Account current £86.99s in James' favour. Can have money just as he pleases, can send him £100 on cash in any bank notes he likes to appoint. Postage will be less than bill stamps. James may draw on Mr M for remainder as he pleases. Thought 50/- per annum enough for Flaxdale bottom so did not tell Mr M James prepared to pay more - has named £10 for the field which is nearly 3¾ a so that rent is about 53/6 pa but James need not fear it being taken from him again. Nothing from Mr WHM about other land - WHM owes writer £9 which he should like to draw. If James counts to purchase any furniture, provided he could arrange with J Wager about price, writer could write for permission to set off £9 against furniture. Let writer know if James wishes to purchase to this extent. In meantime do not say word to anybody about it. Mr M recommended furniture not auctioned at present. Please pay Mr Finch for writer £3.12s 6d - money owing to him by Lomas. Mr Finch should give a receipt. Father only owes Mr M £20 or £30. Writer knows nothing of his affairs for has not written many words to writer in last half year. Writer owes James £1.11.2 - shall assign more than that to be paid him by Mr Barker. Comments on Uncles. Will send tea by T Gardam who is sending some very soon for Cliff and little cocoa for mother. William's plan is to get consignments of goods from England and orders to ship American goods for this country and make commission. Doing some business for self by importing little and when sufficient management offers to ship American goods on own account. Do not expect him to cover expenses in 1st year. Have sent him £50 in goods out of writer's salary out of which with luck he will make profit and has money afterwards for any purpose which seems best. Have prospect of getting good business for him. R Mackmurdo has sent him £1000 worth of goods. If he can find rent for goods can send him £10,000 worth a year, Commission 5% but expenses may be heavy. Living is twice as dear as in England. + Statement of J Longsdon, junior in account current with George Morewood. - 1816

448 - 6 February 1816 Eyam. Thos Birds to James Longsdon, junior, Great Longsdon. Went to Chatsworth last week but Mr K not at home. Slipped on Friday when thaw began which has confined him to house. As writer has not heard about pigs, concludes James' friend has met with elsewhere. All yet on hand. Please ask James' Father to execute deed for house and writer will send for it on Saturday. Tenant at writer to mend roof - over £20 - will not bring him a farthing more. Wants him to do it himself and take lease which cannot do without deed. TL [Longsdon]'s annuity will be £15 the 25th next month which is since his last statement to James' Father being 1½ years. - 1816

449 - 21 February 1816 London. John Longsdon to Mother. News of social engagements and visit to Ross in Trynning. Several letters from William - latest 15 January at Charleston and planning to move north. No answer yet from WHM about land. Hopes she received cocoa safe. Eurydice which carried her first letter for William has arrived at New York and Regent is out at sea going well. News of Barrow and Morewood family. Glad she likes coffee - not heard whether Uncle received 5 1b of which requested James to make him a present for writer. What does she pay for loaf sugar? It is worth her while to join with Mrs Barker and other neighbours from here. Writer could lay it down at Chesterfield for 14d 1b which is probably 1d or 2d less than she pays. - 1816

450 - 25 Feb 1816 Islington. John Longsdon to James Longsdon - Bearer of letter is Mr Longdon of Tideswell, brother in law to Mr MW Orr, a merchant residing within a few doors of writer, one of most friendly, valuable connections writer has, so please show any civility possible for sake of William or self. Mr Orr man of considerable property - willing to send £1,000 worth of goods on consignment to William wherever he can recommend the speculation and has been using influence with other gentlemen to procure business for William, likely to become his very best correspondent. Mr Orr, a native of Litton, relative of Barkers and Morewoods. No answer about land yet from WHM Mr Morewood alluded to it in private letter saying thought James' application reasonable. Written to him about writer's claim for £9 and possibility of deducting £9 from money paid Sampson Wager for furniture. Make James bargain with Wager and by no means pay him the £9 without writer's consent. Writer's worst predictions in regard of this Malta firm are daily becoming more and more probable and writer sees no chance of his remaining in the situation he has previously held much longer. Very sorry for his family. 26. Packet arrived from Malta and ordered into Stangate Creek with mails aboard. Balance of account between John and James £7.3s 10d in John's favour - may have occasion to take things from Mr M but in event of WHM not agreeing about furniture will indemnify James. Must pay Lomas James' account and £14 - will therefore take up 21 or 22£ in all. Please receive from Mr Barker 27/6 for last 3 barrels of oysters. Sending small book "Zinmerman on Solitude" with which William and writer much pleased. Writer does not know what to say about grazing for this year but cannot think fat cattle will ever fetch high prices - and sees no encouragement to give high prices for lean ones. Hopes James able to buy stock on good terms. Fallow has fallen from 78/ to 50/ for Russia in last 12 months and may be imported for about 54/. Pointers sent to Liverpool arrived safely at New York. As for James making a speculation in them, could not recommend it less to William, since a consignment of dogs would not add much to reputability of his English connections in Yankee eyes. - 1816

451 - 8 March 1816 London. John Longsdon to James Longsdon - bought Zimmerman for him. The one writer has not his. On Saturday will remit £140 in notes and James to receive remainder - balance due and loan of £200 in any way he likes. Still thinks James likely to suffer if he delays purchasing lean cattle - repeats opinion that as hay is cheap, immediate purchases will answer best, can always draw bill for £50 or £60 a discount if short of money. William safely arrived in Wilmington. Expected to reach Wilmington in 24 hours, usual passage, kept out in a hard gale 5 days. Vessel twice aground and nearly lost. Saw 2 others stranded within ½ mile. William does not think personal danger was great. Only tell Longsdon of his safety and that he will probably write him from Norfolk very soon in February. WHM behaves very oddly about land - 2nd packet from Malta may be looked for daily. Going to buy piece of Irish linen for shirts very cheap and only want 5 shirts, James may if he likes have remainder. Pray give early answer. Price may be about ¾ for very good cloth. Difficulties about groceries quite laughable; writer can send any quantity and indeed he bought whole of tea and cocoa sent and has paid for whole and forwarded it to T Gardam because he spoke of a box to send it down in. Writer will arrange with Thomas and best way is to say no more about it. If James wants any more let writer know. [Family News] Pleased to find that whether Income Tax passes or not James and their father will have a mere trifle to contribute. Writer sends the Times to him tonight to see notice of debate. Tell father writer sends for their joint benefit for he has never charged one penny for papers sent. Will send the Mangel Wurzel; as glad to find it strikes James' attention. Weights produced in limited plot of ground wonderful. Please send 2 couple fat fowls full grown not more than 1 or 2 years old; cocks suit best. - 1816

452 - 8 March 1816 New York. Received 15 April. William Longsdon to mother. Has pleasure in her letter of 7 January which arrived today. Occupies old lodgings again but does not like them much. May keep them for convenience. Within less than 100 yds of EM - frequent visitor Helen Grace one of cleverest children ever saw and writer thinks has so much good sense no possible indulgence will spoil her. Clumsy at writing details of her would have sent Miss M "more particulars of her brother's family" sooner. Received 15 April. - 1816

453 - 15 March 1816 London. John Longsdon to mother. Asked James to let her know of William's safe arrival and planned return over land. It is well that she, got the 2 Ibs cocoa - no matter for the rest though her limit will be remembered. Shall do nothing in the sugar without hearing from her. Does not know about coming to Derbyshire this summer - too many circumstances out of writer's control but will come down any time if she particularly wishes it. Plan of forming an establishment with William still in infancy and deserves more solid support than anticipated - wishes to see it little more matured and has strong desire to make their father to come up this summer. Thinks he would enjoy visiting capital, see old friends and scene of his sons' struggles. Meant to let cold weather go by without introducing subject. Not unmindful of long standing invitation to herself but does not press it at this moment. Could make father comfortable at present but not her. 16 March. Morewood family at Newington Green not very well - want warm weather. 18 March. Received James' alarmed letter of 16 accompanied by one from Mr Finch. Will write to Finch tonight. Please tell James sending small box addressed for him by Pickfords Waggon to Chesterfield to leave London on Monday 25 which will contain items mentioned in his letter. In view of his letter, consider writer's little commission to him cancelled. Shall send James an interesting account of and instructions about growth of mangle wurzel which writer received from original grower at last year's cattle show. Glad he kept it for a useful purpose. - 1816

454 - 23 March 1816 London. John Longsdon to James Longsdon. Received letter of 18 March; obliged by James' attention to unpleasant matter of Alcock's failure; cannot say anything at moment. Encloses £140; has taken up £145 for which account is debited with Mr M. With writer credit for £5 and plan following items at James debit. 10 yds fine irish cloth - £1.13s 4d 4 lb black tea, £1.8s, ½ lb mangel wurzel seed 2/- 2W 5/- 6 lb Pigs for Mrs Barker 6/- £3.14s 4d Sent to Pickfords Waggon Office yesterday. Ought to be in Chesterfield on Saturday. Next addressed to James Longsdon Junior, Longsdon, at Bakewell, via Chesterfield so that James will have goodness to see it does not lie 3 weeks at carriers in Bakewell. Had writer not been very poor would not have taken £5 but having advanced above £50 for William, writer is almost aground. Articles all cheap. Linen will make 3 shirts. Writer got 5 out of 16½ yds. At Longsdon they make shirts double about shoulder - which for people who do not go thro heavy outdoor work in them, this quality of cloth is unfit for it, is quite useless. This cloth is worth 3/8 at least in, a mercer's shop, probably nearly 4/-. Tea has fallen - paid 8/- lb for some quality a month back. Also parcel containing 2 lb figs which as they will afford a little pleasure at Longsdon James may as well carry there. Pair of shoes for Mr Barker in box, ¾lb Mangel Wurzel seed for Miss M. Some auricula seed for mother of very superior kind which is selling at 40/- an oz; cost writer half a crown. Informed Mr W that James wanted £80 or £100 at end April, that he would draw for remainder of what would complete credit of £200. Essential. Bill for £50 now Johnson and Taylor now stands at James' debit and is glad to hear he likes cattle purchased with money. Sent James Morning Chronicle day before yesterday - repeal of another oppressive War Tax. - 1816

455 - 27 March 1816 Odder. William Brittlebank to James Longsdon Junior - No objection to accommodating James with the plot of land in his farm on fair terms and if he cannot conveniently pay for it on Lady Day will accept James' note. - 1816

456 - 28 March 1816 London. John Longsdon to Mr Finch, via James Longsdon. Hopes to receive James authority tomorrow for claiming bale of goods which John stopped last Monday and which now in carriers hands. Patterson & Smith are said to have stopped payment today - so that although writer lately thought them safe, congratulations to James on escaping a bad debt there. There is no knowing who is safe. With Alcock, Watkin & Careless difficult to get anything done - affairs getting worse or worse - been arguing James' case with best of writer's power and at length went with porters and brought away all 42 pieces which now hold in Pancras Lane on writer's own responsibility. Difficulty is that James' bills are running upon them and have been accepted. These must be provided for and if possible got out of circulation, £94 in all. Inform writer by return if he may sell goods and take up bills for James, to do which may have to realise part of bale intended for P&S. Will do all he can for James' interest in realizing whole. Matter now in good train; writer is happy in having so far succeeded for him. The less he speaks of this business the better -Note to James covering letter - letter itself keep in his possession. Shall bring Finch through without loss in all probability but do not like correspondence on this subject to remain in his hands. Household furniture selling in London for an old song so ought not to pay as James did in 1814. - 1816

457 - 16 April 1816 London. John Longsdon to James Longsdon. Received letter of 14 of this month. Father has applied for and obtained permission to draw on Mr M for 2 or 300 £ to be reimbursed by monthly payments of about £30 to Miss M. As father told writer that Finch can pay him nothing just now - writer proposed to him to arrange with Finch that his claim should be satisfied out of proceeds of goods writer holds belonging to Mr F as writer will probably have to pay him a balance of about £60. Father not replied. Could James establish how much Finch owes father and bring about such an arrangement. Nothing can be more reasonable than for Finch to pay father out of property which writer has saved from fire as it were. Will attend to James' money arrangements. Lomas has called on writer for payment and he has settled James' account out of moneys writer happens to have for the moment, but it will soon be necessary for writer to indemnify himself through Mrs M. Particulars amounting to £14.12s 6d shall be given to James. Sorry James has paid SW his rent without coming to settlement about other things. Writer has his reasons for regretting that James has let opportunity of accomplishing writer's wish go by and that it will not occur again. James does seem to have taken his hints. Thinks cattle will go low at Lancaster this year or that the fair will terminate though drovers and dealers may begin by asking high prices. People will be unwilling to take these cattle back again. Money is become exceedingly scarce. Glad to know whether James decides to go and hopes he does. Corn trade looks better and rather high prices on paying. Would be pleasant to hear particulars of James farming but if he really has no time to write. James tells him he laid out £50 at a sale but whether in merchandize or cattle or what, he is left to guess. John Alsop arrived in town. Writer knows of his business with William at his commencement and has taken measures for promoting it; likely to prove valuable. - 1816

458 - 24 April 1816 London. John Longsdon to James Longsdon. Enclosing £65 in cash - with £15 for Lomas, credit Mr M cash this day. - 1816

459 - 30 April 1816 London. John Longsdon to James Longsdon. Has received letter of 28th - contents though melancholoy do not surprise writer; lose no time in furnishing writer with plan James proposes respecting father's affairs something must be done and soon to prevent absolute ruin to family. May go to continent soon for a little while and if this season is suffered to pass without anything being done they may consider another year lost. Ready to support any plan that may enhance general good of family. Thinks best method united representation to their father by their mother, James & writer of ruinous consequences of present system and earnest request that he will conform to some other. If necessary John will come down. Mr M of late exceedingly disappointed in commercial affairs and his losses have been very general. Certainly does not expect father to draw more than £200 and will not like him to do it. If James had written the letter writer has just received a fortnight ago, writer should have come down when father asked him to get leave for him to draw on Mr M and that would have been moment for opposing his ruinous system. Have told Mr M how matter stands but as he says he can't interfere father refuses to fix time for comming up so imagine he does not mean to come. Continental journey not fixed so take no further notice of it at present. Most terrible times and loss attends almost any mercantile venture. Hopes they shall live to see better days. William may suceed in America - nothing but ruin all around them here. Let Mr Finch have annexed. As father takes no measures about money in John's hands writer shall of course pay it over to Finch. - 1816

460 - 6 May 1816 London. John Longsdon to James Longsdon. Has received letter of 4th of this month. Arranged on Friday evening to go to Hamburg on Friday. So wrote to father on Saturday and informed him of Mr M's inability to render him pecuniary assistance to any further extent or to repeat the accommodation and expressed hope that he would adopt some system more consistent with present situation before another season. Thought it best not to propose another plan now. Plan James suggests very proper one as far as writer can judge and would leave their father in possession of as much land and consequently pose as much trouble on him as his strength is fit for. Were it not that writer sees with his own eyes, Writer could hardly believe a man would hesitate in his situation on the course to be pursued. However they must show patience and no disrespect and do what good they can. Most likely back by end of June - in meantime shall send more particular information from Hamburg. Considerable advance in corn market - wheat up at least 6/ per quarter but some think more. Meat markets up too. Mutton 2 or 3d per 1b and beef about 1d per 1b. Please tell father. May send him Courier to see it in print. Corn expected to fetch better prices. Lament that James did not attend Lancaster Fair this year, though no report reached writer how cattle went off there. - 1816

461 - 18 May 1816 New York per Nestor by Mr Leech junior 21 June. William Longsdon to mother. Has written 2 or 3 letters to Longstone since last had hers on 7th. Letter from father, one from James and joint one from Uncle John and mother. Would have written to father by this vessel but it happens to be her turn. Father's account of farming affairs rather disastrous - corresponds well with commercial matters. Increased opposition in trade of late years causes perpetual unsteadiness - sort of tide and those who take it on the rise will do well and those on the ebb must ebb with it. Self can afford to wait until immediate cause of difficulties disappears. Turned out of his last quarters. Like present situation tolerably well -hostess a widow lady under 30 years of age. Little bustling creature, pretty active but with sadly too much vanity - not lessened by having 12 or 14 young men assembled round her twice a day at breakfast and teatime. Keeps least splended table writer has seen in this country where the boarders are so numerous. Expect breakfast ready at 8, dinner within 5 minutes of 3 and tea at 7. Lodgers mostly English men most pleasant manners, behaviour; 3 or 4 New Yorkers of quiet disposition - so don't quarrel on politics. Letter by J Leech to Liverpool - by fine ship the Nestor. Has visited most parts of the states worth seeing having travelled from Savannah to Boston, about 1300 miles - territory with 8 or 9 million population - not very thickly inhabited. Several parts where scenery is naturally beautiful very magnificent. Only in last 10 days trees showing much foliage. In England vegetation at least 1 month forward. Spring almost unknown. Change from Winter to Summer very rapid. Weather still cold enough to enjoy a fire half the day but thing not usual at this season. Sending Miss M a satirical poem by Byron - "English Bards, Scotch Reviewers" - has been told it has been withdrawn from publication in England. Thanks Uncle John for his letter. He may be interested to hear that Mr Cobbett has sent out 2 agents here to publish such things as he dare not do where he is - to begin operations in a few days and will send her a sample. Remembrances to Cliff Family, Miss M and Uncle John - best love to family. Received by Mr Leech, 21 June 1816. - 1816

462 - William Longsdon at New York to father. Per Eurydice via Liverpool, endorsed 9 August 1816. - 5 Jun 1816

463 - 17 June 1816 By favour of Mr M. 21 June 1816. John Longsdon at Islington to mother thanking her for letter received on eve of departure for Hamburg. Bessy will tell her how writer hax been enjoying himself on banks of Elbe - health improved hope will soon loose cough caught coming away down river from Hamburg. William tells him her correspondence affords him much pleasure - very bad times in America just now - not disheartened. Told Mr Finch had suspended his payments but ignorant of particulars - not important - foresaw it long ago unless he would make any one of his family help support it. - 1816

464 - 12 July 1816 William at New York per Euphrates, Liverpool to James at Great Longstone. Has received letter of 16 March on 7 May - most satisfactory news - calamities of time seem to have reached his neighbours and produced number of unexpected failures - double pleasure that James' affairs go on even prosperously compared with former years. Father's family expenses must be lighter than at any time and relief in taxation must produce a large income which will surely render it at least adequate to his expenditure. Never know precisely what assessment was for income tax - understood it to be £500 - saving therefore £50 and £10 or £20 more in some other way. Should have been glad to hear that James had bought the Caldwell Hills of Colonel Wright at reasonable rate but imagine that according to existing value of land it is quite as much for James' interest that purchase not made. If the proprietor wishes to realise his estate about Longstone he has overstood the market, nor will there be many to regret his disappointment. Business bad in America. If among James' acquaintance any opportunity of procuring consignments to writer be kind enough to do so as far as he can - no matter what the article. They sell everything here from a goose quill to a cargo of bullion. Sad story about the 2 young pointers - rough one put into possession of friend of Mr E M's who could never make anything of him, good one Mr M asked him to keep as he already had 2. Writer had every convenience in the house where he boarded. Stolen a fortnight ago from the yard where he was kept chained up - not able to trace him - provoking - because now lodged in county about 5 miles from New York. Oblige writer by getting him a young pointer must be well broke and taught to fetch game when killed as little shooting except in woods and swamps, and also to fetch ducks from water. In winter they have millions of wild ducks upon creeks and rivers. Do not be at particular pains but would be glad if he could procure writer a decent one in a year or so. Wrote to Uncle John by a vessel which sailed few days ago. No news from Longstone since James' letter. Remembrances to John Gardam and Cliff family - supposes busy of late as spinning has been a much better trade than manufacturing. Have written twice to Bulkeley recommending him not to send any Sheffield ware at present. Just received John's letter of 27 April per Samuel. Ship went down at sea but all passengers saved per Euphrates. - 1816

465 - 17 June 1816 John Longsdon at London to brother James, should be glad to hear from him by return of Mr M about his farming affairs. Hears James and father have completed purchase of cattle. William acknowledges James' letter of beginning of May and writer is pleased with it. Sends terrible accounts of business - New York. Means to come down in September - supposes father does not mean to come up this summer. If James can afford to come up, can ruin him very pleasantly. Make settlement for writer with S Wager for afraid of being involved in total loss. Mr W HM sends writer a message through Miss Wilkes saying that he has received o accounts for S Wager for a year past and therefore cannot reply to his request to have his kind in occupation. Writer still hopes James will get it. Had very pleasant excursion to Hamburg. Beneficial to all writer's friends engaged in Hamburg trade. Sending James a waistcoat by Mr M for which he will have to pay him for the making, John makes him a present of the stuff. - 1816

466 - 3 August 1816 Per Briton via Liverpool. Received 13 Sept. William at New York to mother. Has written Bessy about fortnight ago - long letter from her of 19 May and mother's note giving him news of John's safe arrival at Cuxhaven. Surprised to hear of Uncle Gardam's excursion to London. Sorry father didn't go with him. So Peake has at last got among his Derbyshire friends again. Left Manchester to join the Regiment in Sept 1811 - nearly 5 years. Sorry his health is weak affected by seeds of later disorder which carried off his sister. Tells him he has to seek a milder climate and talks of visit to France; sometimes efficacious. Continues to like his new lodgings - late addition of 1 fresh gentleman boarder and 1 lady - he lately arrived from Lisbon, she a native of New York is a very nice, quiet girl and plays admirably on piano. Astonishing variety of characters met moving from 1 boarding house to another. One day at place where Hart lived in New York 6 gentlemen arrived not one of whom spoke a word of English and at same time 2 or 3 left for different parts - New Orleans, Vera Cruz, West Indies. Can pick up great deal of information but not so pleasant as living permanently with same people. Another addition to establishment is a very handsome boat - large enough to hold 20 or 30 people; can now pop back and forward to New York as securely as on a Man of War Private property owned by one of the gentlemen who half lives in the water. Too far off to go much to Mr EM but family all well. Helen Grace makes rapid progress at school and stand at head of first class - no trifling honour as she has many competitors 6 or 7 years older than herself. Received letter from John this morning announcing return. - 1816

467 - 31 July 1816 John Longsdon at London to James Longsdon. As he asked sent black coat and waistcoat, hopes arrive safe. Most melancholy occasion; certainly lost in Mr Barker a most worthy and valuable friend. Parcel of coffee in box for Miss M from Mr M. Will send enclosed letter which Mrs WHM gave writer from his husband; will not comment till they meet and hopes on Sunday 11 of this month at Thomas Gardam's, thinks of taking their places for Saturday evening in the Hope coach for Chesterfield which should arrive there about 5 o'clock following afternoon. Enclosed letter for Mr Mason - left open for James and father to read, wafer it and send it on to Calver Mill. Don't let writer's return interfere with any shooting plans for does not mean to shoot. - 1816

468 - Kate Longsdon, Newington Green with Morewoods to mother - good journey there - governess away so writer has office of hearing lesson; very good learning them, now reading `Lazy Laurence' Helen and writer have been to Greenwich, seen ship the Hero launched at Deptford, 74 guns; grand sight - river covered with small boats. On each side of ship lay booths crowded with very gaily dressed spectators - fortunate chance on Governor's vessel because a lady there recognised Alfred Barrow who was in their party. Continued to Greenwich - [describes outings and social life - visits to Foundling Institution, paintings by Le Thiere there]. - 23 Sep 1816

469 - 8 October 1816 John Longsdon to Mother by favour of Mr Henry Mander. Kate very comfortable though quieter than during last absence from home of the Rutors. Her cough almost gone. Self much better. Not heard from William since his of 22 Aug when going to spend a week at Philadelphia - little alteration in his business then, but prospects brightening. Uneasy at thoughts of heavy losses which must be consequent on this bad weather; fears their harvest almost destroyed. Year most unpropitious in reference as well to agriculture as commerce. Distress now so universal that private affairs of none of his acquaintance in business make better sharing than own family's. Hopes to have Kate to breakfast soon; not been much in world since she came but mean to take her to Westend when Doctor comes to Grafton Street at end of month. Poor Mr Mackmundo fast approaching his end; very feeble. One of best and most benevolent men writer ever knew. Alfred Barrow back from France. - 1816

470 - 9 October 1816 John Longsdon in London to James Longsdon with thanks for handsome present of game. Account with Mr M in credit for the £30. Writer has informed him of present difficulty of realising stock and raising funds and spoken with him about the field at Flaxinbottom which he says James may plow again if he likes; thinks with James that the best soil is turned under most. Things with William look well - acquiring valuable connections nothing can hinder his success now, writer thinks. - 1816

471 - John Longsdon at London to James Longsdon, junior at Longsdon near Bakewell. Did he succeed in getting the corn during late dry weather - if not, fears must be much injured indeed. Mr Ross expects to arrive in Matlock about Saturday or Sunday for very short stay. If James is not occupied on Monday could he call on Mr and Mrs Ross early in morning and give them an invitation to their Father - Mr M has asked them to Thornbridge. If not there, leave time at Post Office. Please tell Father and Mother. Important and very pleasant letter from William yesterday - every day nearer aim of reputable House and name of their own. Prospects greater than expected. Alfred Barrow ill but expected to mend shortly. Price of grain up - made a famous thing of it for Edmund Morewood for which they hold above 1000 barrels of flour which have doubled their value (this between themselves). - 18 October 1816

472 - John Longsdon at London to James Longsdon, junior, at Longstone. Remittance of £30 stands at James' credit with Mr M. Will seek articles James wants as soon as possible but cannot do it today and weather so wet that Kate cannot come to town. Shall ask her to breakfast first fine day and they will get together. In meantime will look for cheap place to buy them at. Forwarded James' letter to Mr WHM about week after writer's return by gentleman going out to Malta - Mr M thought letter very proper - Thinks James will get either additional land or reduction in rent. Extremely sorry to have James' deplorable account of Harvest - one misfortune follows another cruelly; should soon have better times. William's affairs had prosperous appearance and and health has been quite good. Please tell Little Longsdon. Letters and parcel via Henry Mander received Monday evening. Wool not likely to rise - would sell at 29/- per .......... - consulted several gentlemen connected with Yorkshire manufacturing concern - of same opinion. No expectation that corn will continue at recent elevation - foreign wheat, barley, oats and flour may be imported for home consumption without payment of duty for 3 months after 15 of this month - and for further 3 months if average price of wheat shall not be under 80/ quarter - other kinds at proportionate rates. Hitherto foreign grain completely prohibited. After 15th large quantity will be brought forward which already in their out ports London warehouses under bonds. Towards Christmas Americans will send in their flour - consequently lower prices next year. Would not grow corn on speculation of high price. Different opinion about livestock; thinks must advance next year - keep up stock as much as possible and buy all could do with at present low rates during winter. Always happens that after unnatural depression of any commodity, it revives again. As to alteration contemplated by Father, writer will address him whenever James thinks it most desirable to renew subject. Will leave nothing unsaid or undone. If James should be fortunate with gun in next fortnight would appreciate a little game. Agree Finch's account well settled at last. Thanks for attention to Mr Ross and say same for John at Little Longsdon. Derbyshire cheese coming into good repute in London and observe in many cheesemonger shop "Real Derbyshire Cheese" written up. Will enquire what can be got for it and try to arrange some mode of selling James some if can be done at an advantage. An article which will pay very well for keeping a year or two. 6 November 1816 - 1816

473 - 15 November 1816 John Longsdon to James Longsdon. Amazing losses sustained by persons consign writer's goods to US which must operate very much against success of their agent endeavouring to establish himself and get livelihood by commission. William computes sales of English manufacture by public auction at about 7000 packages which left an average loss of ½ prime cost assuming which to be £80 a package, importers have sunk about £380,000 in a few weeks. William and writer have kept open a retreat by cultivating connections of merchants and dealers who import into Europe the produce of America and might confide to him orders for shipment of such produce. To ensure this resource as much as possible he went down to Charleston last year and in repeating his journey this year he will carry with him orders for the purchase and shipment of more than 500 bales of cotton from parties which will enlarge them another year in all probability. If all goes well this season should double orders for next. Bale worth about £12 - gain should be circa 3%. Independent of this he will get some commissions from New York and will continue business of agent in import and export trade. Though commission on sales of manufacture in south fall materially short of those in northern states if he can earn a couple of hundred a year by them it will help the business. Could do important part of Charleston business in winter months which quite healthy and spend summer months in healthy country also. Hopes to establish some good export business for them between Charleston and Hamburg. Much of course depends on exertions on his behalf here. Will look after it with no ordinary care. Regret present distressed state of agriculture and unfortunate situation of affairs respecting occupation of their Father's land. Thinks James will have a favourable turn in farming and recommend keeping up as much stock as possible. Now trying to borrow about £500 for James; great quantity of cash recently appeared in money market. Annual payment of £25 interest nothing compared with advantages resulting from capital. To William such a loan desirable but to James just now more necessary - let writer know what James thinks. Balance of £36 due to Mr M wishes James to pay to his sister. Looking for his mirror but new ones cost £3 - £4 and second hand ones often half that price; have little patience. Sending mother at first opportunity about a dozen choice hyacinths - present recently received from Germany; very fine names, each a separate title. James' corn will not pay rent and taxes this year but let writer know if James gets it all and what is worth of each sort. Endorsed with note of bill. - 1816

474 - 29 November 1816 John Longsdon at London to Mother. Thanks for letter of 31 of last month - meant to send box to James with some articles for her but as cannot find them at reasonable cost sending of packet of 16 Hyacinths to her - 12 for her and 4 for Miss M. Let them all flower first season in her possession and then pass on 4 to her. Gentleman in Hamburg sent him 2 dozen - gave 4 to Miss Hetherington, 2 to Miss Barrow and 2 on writer's chimney piece - sorry to find begun to grow - apprehensive may be damaged by journey. James would probably give her some pleasant information about William. News of Kate engaged for a fortnight with Miss Hetherington and afterwards to Basinghall Street - end of January as soon as she can think of returning. Mrs M and family mean to come down to Thornbridge to live there for some years - Mr M would dispose of house at Newington Green and probably live in Pancras Lane. Tell writer proper time to buy raisins for wine and quantity she wants shall be punctually sent. Port wine writer spoke of to remain in Pipe until spring when he will send her some. Dr John Whateley just invited writer to dine at his lodgings near Charing Cross; lately applied to writer to know whether William would take charge of one of W Whateley's sons, and writer partly agreed he would engage to find him in meat and clothing provided the boy would remain with him and yield his best service for 5 or 6 years. Doctor pleased and thinks plan will be desirable to Mr and Mrs WW[Whateley]. Youngest son lately sailing for South America where an old clerk of WW is well established in business and from whence he lately sent £100 to defray boy's expenses providing offer made to take charge of boy well received. Two nice lads. Another gentleman proposed to commit son to William's care to receive commercial education; very flattering. Hope boys will make him good clerks. As he does not engage to them salaries, he should get some of his work done quite cheap. - 1816

475 - 29 November 1816 John Longsdon to James Longsdon. Still looking unsuccessfully for mirror - new one £5-7 - continuing search. What about borrowing £500 for James? Appearances now in favour of continuance of high price of corn but doubt will keep up until another harvest is gathered. - 1816

476 - 3 December 1816 Anthony Longsdon at Manchester to James Longsdon, junior. Favoured with his uncle John's letter of 27 of last month mentioning writer's mother's wish for him to send her a little cash. Obliged if James would pay her £5 and charge to writer's account. Expected pleasure of seeing James here last week but Hully says his horse lamed. Sorry to hear from Peter of the destruction of crops and grazing cattle now selling so low. Please inform writer how James has sold those from the Makeleys. If James knows of any person that wishes to sell their common right of Longsdon Moor as money is now so .......... writer thinks it might be bought very low. When James can come writer shall be very glad to see him there. Annotated with pencil note of purchase of 2 beasts for £26 on 13 Jan 1817. - 1816

477 - 13 December 1816 John Longsdon to Mother. Thanks for letter re receipt of hyacinth bulbs. Speaking of Kate's proposed return - will remain with the Miss Willingtons until Christmas Day, then accompany William to Doctors and spend the year out with him. After that hoped that Miss Barrow will have returned home from Newington Green where she is gone on duty as a nurse. Will see Mr M in Derbyshire very soon after Mrs M's confinement, an event expected almost daily. Kate very well and strong. Sorry to hear of death of George Barker - not so upset by deaths of Eleanor Carteill and old neighbour Mr Low. Pleasant letter from William of 1 November - about to quit country lodgings with their pleasant society where health must strengthened. - 1816

478 - 20 December 1816 John Longsdon at London to James Longsdon. Letters of 27 of last month and 16 of this month received. Bill £17.10s and £20 paid to Miss Morewood on 7 of this month stand to James credit by which his account is about balanced. Pleased James had pretty comfortable visit at old Rectors. Has not found a mirror yet. Glass one may buy as cheap at Sheffield, so do this and when writer finds a good cheap mirror, writer will secure it for him. Sorry that has not succeeded in borrowing sum of money mentioned and that writer's chance of success is less than it was. Not yet despaired and will continue to do best. Their Father must join James in security for it; imagine he would make no objection. Pleasure to see him in London in spring; hopes it may be arranged; expense of journey not great and James' expenses there would very little. Kate at Miss Hetherington's. Things look well for William. Most likely now going down to Charleston having received his orders for cotton. Letters from him to 23 of last month. Please tell Father with writer's love that he does not wish any application to be made to Mr Mason for an order for Cotton just now. Please tell Miss M all is well at Newington Green. Tomorrow is 8th anniversary of wedding - going to drive there unless the happy results of the marriage create an interruption. Accept writer's thanks for what he says about game and poultry - decline latter Nothing heard from Mr WHM but gentleman by whom sent letter arrived in Malta. - 1816

479 - 24 January 1817 P Longsdon at Manchester to James Longsdon, junior. Purposes to spend few days in Derbyshire next week; would be glad if James and Hully would meet him in the Dale. Writer shall leave Manchester by 1st coach Wednesday morning; at Taddington Springs in good time. Please inform writer's mother. - 1817

480 - 5 March 1817 John Longsdon, London to James Longsdon, junior. Has received his of 27 of last month and consequently paid Joseph Gregory £5. Safe arrival of raisins and coffee pleasant; sorry Mother has laid an embargo on it because wants to have coffee disposed of and it will not improve by being stored between 2 parcels of raisins. It is in the middle cask - in a good strong bag. Pray tell Mother must petition against any further embargo on coffee - sooner raisins made into wine the better. As to price of coffee it is not dear considering quality but writer cares little whether he disposes of it at 2/- or 22/- lb. Do as he thinks fit with it. Main reason for writing, money affairs. Never said a word about Anthony - conclude either James did not apply to him or he refused, but James might have said which. If James can make use of bills drawn on writer for £100 at 3 months James may draw and writer will endeavour to do without the money until October. The more James divides the maturity of the bills the better for writer. Draw on Mr John Longsdon, 5 Pancras Lane, London. Imagine Mr Johnson would discount them for him and if James sells cattle early in summer he may be able to remit writer funds to take up the latter bills but James need not consider this necessary - only if he conveniently can. If this will not do inform writer and he will try some other. One of Mr E Morewood's ships thought lost has appeared off Ireland dismasted and 5 men lost in a storm; hopes will yet bring valuable cargo into Thames. Nothing new with William - sometimes think things look better with him but on whole cruelly hard upon him. Is any arrangement made with Father? - 1817

481 - Peter Longsdon at Manchester to James Longsdon, junior. Duly sends James' favour by his Father but had not pleasure of seeing him whilst here. Hopes to see James soon but very busy. Cheese James sent they like very well and with respect to getting James' 2 young horses to his pastures they are making enquiry and James will let him know in a few days. The man that loads their coals has one or two if they can agree about price. Now all quiet again and writer thinks the breeze is over. Anthony is gone on the jury to Lancaster and asks James to pay Mother £2 and charge it to his account. 26 March 1817 - 1817

482 - 11 April 1817 John Longsdon at London to Miss Bessy Longsdon at Longsdon. Will not apologise for long silence because writer's Irish excursion a capital plea; returned last Monday. Journey successful and health much improved. Letters from William to 21 February. Business generally speaking not succeeded well this winter but many pleasant circumstances encourage him. Some very important news now on way - gentleman of first respectability and considerable property proposed to unite his interests with William's and prosecute American trade in partnership if after consultation desirable to both parties. Mr M thinks highly of it. If all goes well gentleman will embark in August next to meet William in New York and William may be able to visit him next spring. May tell parents, James and Kate but not beyond their family at present. News of London friends. - 1817

483 - 14 May 1817 John Longsdon to James Longsdon. Received with pleasure his letter from Garstang. Glad AL behaved to James in friendly manner and rendered some financial assistance. Draft £20 shall be duly paid. By 2 letters from home learns James bought nice lot of cattle, but has not heard how many. Hope nothing prevents visit next month. If James has funds in hand to remit writer in time to meet maturity of James' bill £40 due 21 June or any material part of it, should be glad of it - if not convenient do not feel any uneasiness. Weather now very fine and warm after moderate rain; reflect with satisfaction on advantages James' neighbourhood must derive from this change. Expects due consequence lower prices corn and bread. Nothing very particular regarding William's affairs. Postscript Flour advanced (to surprise) 3/- per sack. - 1817

484 - 27 Aug 1817 Peter Longsdon at Manchester to James. Anthony's malady is worse than when he left them - have called in Dr Bardsley who is very eminent in this disease; advises taking private lodgings for him near Cheetham Hill and have proper attendant constantly with him who would have control over him. Will have every assistance that can be procured and any designs of Mrs A will be frustrated. Dr B says all intercourse with her must be prevented. If this does not work may be best to remove him to his native air. Taking every step to guard and protect his property. Afraid his Mother will be much distressed. - 1817

485 - 6 June 1817 P Longsdon, Manchester to James Longsdon, junior. Everything regarding Anthony is going well as could wish. Dr B and Mr Wood attend him every day. Has become much attached to man they have placed with him - more tranquil and has walked into fields for last 2 or 3 days - freedom of house, orders about as he did at home, teaches them to smoke and sing. Please tell mother, David means to visit her early in July and writer hopes to come too. Kind of brother John to offer to come, but all intercourse with family forbidden. - 1817

486 - 7 June 1817 John Longsdon at London to James Longsdon, junior, headed `Rutland'. Received letter of 3rd, drew up statement and waited on Mr Abercrombie who said would give all information he could but feared it would be unsatisfactory. All applications of this kind put into hands of resident agent at Chatsworth and new agent about to be appointed. Farm in question might be disposed of in conjunction with some arrangements now pending in that neighbourhood and not let as before. If let as before, so many strong applications that only just way would be to give it to 1st applicant. Agreed James was probably 1st applicant as Father's application on James' behalf, simultaneous with Mr Needham's resignation. Returned home. Told to ascertain date of 1st application and then return memorandum - which he would transmit to Chatsworth. Farm not disposed of until October at any rate, that he would be at Chatsworth. James should call on him there. Applied to Mr A for James' appointment to Deputation with Father's understood consent - replied know nothing of game. Duke himself looks after those things but advised making memorandum of application and transmitting it. Mr A gentleman - styled Hon Mr A in Law Directory. - 1817

487 - 9 June [no date] John Baker of Litton to Mr James Longsdon, junior with medical receipt which has before this answered well, having never failed turning the water in 48 hours and frequently without being sick. But for some reason it does not act as well this year. William these 20 days had 3 ill - one 4 days before water cleared and still weak after 4 or 5 days, 1 dead, 1 uncertain [cattle nostrum]

488 - 8 July 1817 Peter Longsdon at Manchester to James Longsdon, junior. Hoped before now to have had small bill to send James but people extremely tardy in paying accounts. No alteration in Anthony - bodily health good. Daily expecting letter from David about day he sets out for Longsdon. Anxious to hear how James has gone on with writer's mother's little affairs. 16 May 1817. John Longsdon at London to James Longsdon, replying to letter from Garstang. Glad AL behaved in friendly manner and gave James financial assistance. Draft £20 shall be duly paid. Hears from home that James has bought a nice lot of cattle. If James can remit funds to cover maturity of his bill in £40 should be glad to receive it; if not convenient do not feel any uneasiness. Weather fine and warm after moderate rains; reflect with satisfaction on advantages. Flour advanced today about 3/- a sack. - 1817

489 - James Longsdon senior at West Hallam to John Longsdon in London acknowledging letter of 15 received through Mr George Morewood. Cannot say that it afforded writer pleasure. Writer alludes to the part John has so pointedly done regarding James. Reverently wishes John were possessed of more accurate information of whole circumstances. Writer has not yet shown John's letter to his Mother but will take first proper opportunity. Hopes John will hear from her own mouth her opinion, information and advice upon this important subject. Everything in writer's power for benefit of his family shall be done - and writer thinks none will be found that know him well that will doubt it. Find from Mr M that John's journey to Liverpool is on William's account; wish it prosperous. Writer imagines John will go first to Liverpool and return via Manchester to their old home at Longsdon where hopes to have pleasure of welcoming him. Let writer know as soon as possible when he will be there. Mother is with writer there and bad road and remarkably bad weather makes their little excursion almost horrendous. Encloses £15 in bank notes, meant to send more but shall see John soon. From what John says of partnership, probable it will not take place but perfectly agree with him that William will make an acquaintance in Mr Ewbank likely to be of considerable service to him. Mr Beardmore writes from Nottingham that building and situation at Longsdon might have suited him but unexpected turn in patent made it necessary for him to decline it at least for present. Refers John to bearer and Miss M for account of visit to this hospitable ?Stanton. Anxious to see John at Longsdon but begs him to bring neither gloom nor dread. Let writer know when he may see him. 19 August 1817 - 1817

490 - 13 Sep 1817 Peter Longsdon at Manchester to James Longsdon, junior. Inclosing Mr Davenport's note about sheep wintering at Knutsford. Purpose coming to Longsdon on Wednesday; glad if James and Hully would meet him at Taddington as they proposed. Shall come by 1st coach. Thinks they might find few birds in that quarter or about Brushfield. - 1817

491 - Certified copy by James Dill, Clerk of Southern District of New York. Declaration of William Longsdon of City of New York in Southern District of New York aged 27 years declaring intention to become citizen of United States of America and renouncing allegiance to any foreign prince, particularly to the King of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland - 5 Nov 1817

492 - Stamped copy of report by William Longsdon, an alien, of himself - details as above, emigrant from London, merchant, intending to reside in Charleston, South Carolina.

493 - 11 January 1818 John Longsdon at Islington to James Longsdon, junior. On Monday last Messrs John and Robert Wilson their corn factors forwarded to James by canal to remain at the navigation warehouse, Chesterfield until called for barrel containing 3 bushels of cape wheat, first put into new bag and then into flour barrel - cost £3.5s 6d repay on writer on his approaching visit to Longsdon. Should be in Pickfords warehouse at Chesterfield by 17 of this month. - 1818

494 - 16 March 1818 P Longsdon at Manchester to James Longsdon, junior at Longsdon. Received letter this morning by Hully which prevents writer writing with £50 bill that he had for James. Shall keep it until beginning April when James says he needs it; will then try to make it £100. Without great change little chance of fishing in middle or end of next month. Hully says new fishing regulations make it necessary to have a ticket - must get James to do the needful and inform writer of the particulars. Have sent the cow by Hull. Do with her what James thinks best. Hay much cheaper with James than there. In hopes of good trade this year and hopes James will find farming to his good - and new concern will prove a good one. - 1818

495 - 3 April 1818 John Longsdon at London to James Longsdon, junior. Has received James' communication through Kate - waiting to hear more particularly whether Peter sent James remittance agreed upon, and whether James is satisfied with arrangement made for him with Mr WHM Weather cold, winterly - very much against a pleasant and successful lambing season. Drop in fat cattle which James feared not occurred; not likely, would be glad to know that James had sold his late stock at satisfactory prices. Nothing said by Mr M or self about Flaxwick bottom, nor is mention likely; need not think more on that subject. Glad James bought a few of Hassop sheep; promise self great pleasure in looking at James' flock this summer. Told mother would probably avail self of James' invitation to spend couple of months at Ashford. On reflection confirmed in intention to spend summer in Derbyshire and Lancashire. Charleston business leads writer increasingly to seek closer and wider connections in Lancashire. Hopes to say when in about a month. William's letters of late have unfortunately crept out and made writer rather idle and uncomfortable. 9 April - glad to have James' of 6th and learn that he in possession of his new farm. House and outbuildings seem to have been left in bad state but hopes land in good condition. Pleasant James is not disappointed in Joice for although thinks agricultural prospect good that mode of stocking part of James' land seems very desirable. Anxious to know James' arrangements for success at Penrith Fair. Very glad if James picks up a good lot of Scots. Will speak to Mr M about rent and let James know whether to send it or not. Will attend to any application made to him about cottage. Advance of grain in James' neighbourhood due to want of wheat and oats. In Scotland and Wales prices are much higher and although grain from foreign countries admitted - though prices likely to keep high. Hardly know what to conclude about James' money matters with Peter and James says nothing of any arrangements with the Chesterfield Bank. Surprised. Glad to hear lean cattle fallen a little; does not think fall permanent; do not hesitate to buy. Letters from William to 10 February - he was very well. - 1818

496 - 9 April 1818 Peter Longsdon, Manchester to James Longsdon, junior. Will remit £100 on Tuesday. Will try to let James have a little more but James must be aware in writer's situation must act with greatest circumspection as they are on the eve of applying to Lord Chancellor by whom his affairs in future will be controlled. Sorry no change in his disorder for the better. Glad to see James on his way to north can regulate their fishing plans. Remember writer to his Mother. Endorsed with James' notes on acreages and possible distributions of stock. - 1818

497 - 11 April 1818 Peter Longsdon at Manchester to James with 2 bills £101.19s - 1818

498 - 4 May 1818 Ralph Finch at Gleeton Bridge to James Longsdon, junior. By direction of Humphry Hall of Churchdale writer received a lawyers letter from Mr Barker of Bevor House dated 30th of last month forwarded by Hall's men yesterday demanding £3.1s and threatening proceedings if not paid by 4th of this month. Had no previous demand or intimation and does not know what it IS FOR. Requests that James to inquire and stay proceedings until writer calls on them some day this week. Now a probability of letting the mill and machinery or selling them - expects to hear more today which is why cannot leave house. Will tell James more when he sees him. Mr Oliver made application name of Longnor and 2 other parishes with intention of employing their poor. Saw him last Saturday - he promised to see parties today when writer was to meet him. Respects to James' Father. - 1818

499 - 12 July 1818 Peter Longsdon at Manchester to James Longsdon at Ashfield. Written by same post asking brother John to break news to writer's mother in cautious manner of Anthony's dangerous state. Dr Bardsley was with him at Cheetham Hill this evening and says he cannot continue many days unless very sudden change in him. Refuses food; constitution so broken down; fears no chance for him. In case John's letter miscarried will James call on him with news. - 1818

500 - 18 August 1818 John Longsdon at Manchester to James Longsdon, junior at Ashford - enclosing Streson & Grin's draft on Jones & Co for £200 due 3 Oct which will form a very proper payment at the Chesterfield Bank. Writer has remitted by this post Bill £500 due 11 Sept to Arkwright & Topliss for his Father's account of which please inform him. Could not write to him as only reached Manchester this afternoon. Peter could not call on Heywood to pay cash, would be contrary to understanding which exists between them. James and writer arrange with their uncle accordingly. Respects at home and to Uncle. Acknowledges receipt of bills when Kate writes on Saturday, will address Father soon. - 1818

501 - Thomas Smedley for Arkwright, Topliss Co, Wirksworth to James Longsdon Esq, Longsdon, acknowledges letter from Manchester of John Longsdon dated 18th of this month, enclosing bill for £500 due 11 Sept credited to James' account. - 20 Aug 1818

502 - John Longsdon, Manchester to James Longsdon junior, Ashford - 7 Oct 1818

503 - 21 October 1818 John Longsdon at Manchester to James Longsdon. Obliged by his letter of 19 of this month and by remittance of Bills to Mr Orr who has not yet acknowledged receipt. Mrs Pilkington asked Kate to stay a little longer - please let Longsdon know. Day after James left, sent mare to a regular Farrier, not Doctor Taylor who recommended him not to rowel her. Her complaint very prevalent but that she had it bad and the discharge at the Neck will bring her round again. Gave them a little Physic for her and thinks she is mending fast. Every care taken. Writer rides her out for half an hour each day. Thos Gardam wrote 19th of this month with news James gave writer. Hopes he will get in time for fine new ship intended to sail for Charleston in four days. Will accompany him to Liverpool. Will take 1st opportunity of paying Mr M James' rent and will look after his Great Coat and other ....... Paid Mr Addison £6.9s 6d for tables which please to enter to writer's credit. - 1818

504 - 28 Oct 1818 John Longsdon to James Longsdon asking him to sign enclosed letter and draft and send them to Mr Orr who will return Bill accepted and transaction with him then in order and Bill proper to be put in Chesterfield Bank. Hopes to see James next Wednesday. Mare looks better but cough and running continue so she can't be rowelled yet. Enclosed with Jas. notes on One Bill for £181.19s 0d including £179.3s principal £2.16s interest. - 1818

505 - 10 December 1818 John Longsdon to James Longsdon. Thanks for letter of 6th of this month. Sent fine fish 2¼ lbs at 4d with 2 quarts of cockles. Entered £20 bill in James account with Anthony and been to examine accounts with Peter. One between James and Peter checked - balance of £13.9s 6d will be paid to writer this afternoon or tomorrow. Peter seemed quite satisfied with James' changed arrangements about the cow. James' account with Anthony Peter thinks all right but can only examine the money Arms here which he says are right. The balance of Mrs Longsdon senior's account and the Makelea account he made no objection to, but could give no position until he came over and that he would bring accounts and agree with James about each. He said James had done all that was necessary in drawing them out. Writer has made copies and send herewith. Peter said the assessment about the enclosure belonged entirely to David - Mr George Morewood meant to write to James and leave his business entirely in his hands. Credit James £10 for money paid Mrs Gardam. Writer doubts not being able to pay James money he owes him as soon as James wants it. Obliged by James sending Joseph to Chesterfield and will enquire of G P & Co for the letter. James' crupper safe and shall come first chance. Peter doubts whether can come at Christmas. Will mention enclosure when writes to Father and recommend him to let James have all the new land on James paying the charges. Not yet heard of writer's trunk or any fresh letters from William. Mean to go to Liverpool tomorrow or Saturday. Have got a few consignments which will have a fair profit. - 1818

506 - John Longsdon, Manchester to James Longsdon - 10 Dec 1818

507 - John Longsdon at Manchester to James Longsdon - 5 Jan 1819

507 - Letters this morning from Thomas Gardam of 4 Dec from New York. Capital passage out of 35 days. From William letters of 20, 28, 30 Nov and from other American correspondents and is now just extremely engaged. William has remitted writer near £500 - Can let him have 100 or 200 £ in Bank Notes whenever he pleases. Only let writer know how and where James wishes to be repaid. Everything conspires to facilitate John's departure for America - hopes to be off next month but do not say anything of this as it is uncertain. Thomas Gardam was going to Charleston in 3 or 4 days and William would be very glad to see him as he had more to do than he could manage. Please to inform writer's Uncle he is much obliged by his message for Peter and will write to him soon. Let writer know if 19th suits him better. 14th would suit writer best. Travel by coach all way - one or two daily from Huddersfield to this place. Hopes he has paid Mr A Marshall, Mr Lucas and Mr Bossley - If James wants money writer will send it.

508 - 8 Feb 1819 John Longsdon, Manchester to James Longsdon. Writer came home late this evening to find Hulley brought him James' kind letter of Sunday's date and a Pointer. Obliged by exertion made to save writer by no means sorry the Pointer is come. Of course James will pay their Uncle £15 at Ladyday as agreed. This morning 2 of their first Houses in business and opulence offered writer their agency in America, wished writer to adopt measures for undertaking it which in addition to what he had to do made him too busy. Perhaps Captain Willis may give writer another day, writer may say this day for now past midnight. Expecting to see Hulley tomorrow evening, Tuesday evening - letter from Thomas Luckson informing writer he must be in Liverpool tomorrow morning going over by an early coach. Delay of few hours has been useful to writer, he thinks business one of their new correspondents has given him will pay his expenses to Charleston to begin with. Their friends here have all behaved extremely well to writer and his departure is as pleasant as possible, Writer likes the pointer George has brought - now has a beautiful Brace - one a black dog sent him by Mr Newall (father of Miss Newall) of a capital breed about a year old. Writer had a young setter by George which they may as well keep for him at Little Longsdon if it offers pretty well. If it shows no signs of hunting it may be given away. Young Sandman 3 years old today turned out about 13 to all appearances. Mr Rothwell cannot go with writer to Liverpool. Debit writer £1.1s 0d for parts and credit him 28/- for one whole piece of muslin and something for tea - say 2 lb at 7/- 1lb at 8. 8 lbs 23/- - 1819

509 - John Longsdon on board Octavia to James Longsdon. Getting freely away; pilot will carry back letter. Mr M will remit James the £100 Bank Post Bill and accept his draft or drafts for about £250 so that their money matters are pretty well squared. Writer feels much obliged by the kind accommodation James has offered him. In regard to James' prospects, sees no great difficulties in his way if he can persuade himself to enjoy rationally advantages which fortune has given him and his own knowledge and care will preserve to him. Additional satisfaction beyond affection for James for in his success is the present security of Bessy and Kate's property and as writer informed their Father on morning of leaving home truly pleasant to think that in James exists both power and inclination to do them ample justice. Writer hopes neither will ever be impaired. As to William and self, if they escape affects of adverse climate, likely to realise some property. Times just now are really awful for merchants but out of this general ruin a safer and better state of things will arise and they are but just now getting into circumstances to take advantage of them. Bessy has a message for James about Oil cakes. Mr W Hill has said nothing to writer about James' former occupation of the cottage. Farewell, wishes James every happiness. Cultivate feelings of forebearance and mildness towards their parents especially to Father whose faculties and thoughts are evidently impaired by age and whose infirmities must be borne with. Sorry to hear of Jack Gardam's marriage equally derogatory from own happiness, reputability of family. Give writer's love at Longsdon. 15 Feb 1819 - 1819

510 - 11 March 1819 William Brittlebank at Oddo to James Longsdon esq. at Ashford. Regarding Wardlow and Longstone. Gentlemen at Wardlow at a stand and not disposed to move at present. Should hope preparation [made] for Longstone has nearly put an end to this dispute unless the Wardlow people are mad. Little Longstone: James has not favoured him with a line on the Palfrey silver. - 1819

511 - 1 May 1819 Notification by William Longsdon at Charleston that his business will hereafter be conducted by his brothers and self under firm of John & William Longsdon, with specimen signatures. - 1819

512 - 12 May 1819 John Longsdon at Charleston per Meteor, Glover, Liverpool to James Longsdon. William sailed for New York on 2 May and would have sailed directly for England but has some unfortunate business in New York where a house indebted to some of their friends in England is in difficulties and William is gone to effect a settlement if possible, and arrange some other business. Writer may go also to Philadelphia where 2 or 3 connections yield them a profitable intercourse as far as their transaction go with them. Expect William in England by end of June or early July. James will learn by William and writer's letter to Father that partnership between TG and themselves would not take place. No objection in principle but business so altered in last 6 months in Charleston that they dare not even attempt to carry it on largely in English manufacturers. Very great portion of buyers are either bankrupt or have compounded with creditors - they dare not sell on credit except for occasional small lots. Expects branch of trade buying Cotton and Rice here for account of friends in England will continue, but TG of little here to them in this and he seems satisfied to quit Charleston. William will acquaint James with all particulars. In meantime as wanted to remit £20 to AC Broomhead for ½ yrs interest on £800 writer drew him a note on James payable on demand. Will most likely send it over to Cliff & James will oblige writer by discharging it and William will settle with him. Note dated 7 of this month. Affairs here less flourishing than writer expected because of extensive ruin amongst every class of commercial men of which James must undoubtedly hear. Fortunately they bought but little cotton on joint account with Mr M, D L & Co and they know the worst of that business. Anxious to hear how coarse wool maintains itself in England. If price keeps up, will assist them considerably in selling off goods in hand and keeping back large shipments - but constantly afraid of hearing of a fall. They have remitted Mr M money to make his account straight (after paying James the £350) some time ago. James will hear everything else from William. If James has the grey horse at liberty would pick up some decent useful horse for him it will be very desirable and will promote his comfort and convenience very much and save him something in expense. Charleston packet in which he sailed to New York was met halfway by vessel which arrived here. So probably not so quick passage to New York as they hoped. Please give annexed letter to Mother. Write to writer and tell him all about James' farm - crops, grazing, moor making, house building enclosing and all other little jobs James has in hand - whether writer shall find a sister-in-law in the new house when he comes home again. Letters in future should come direct for John and William Longsdon, Charleston, S Carolina, unless James sends them to Thomas Luckson & Co in which case old direction will do - quoting circular of 1 May. - 1819

513 - 18 June 1819 George Morewood at London to James Longsdon junior. Untoward circumstances have made it proper for writer to suspend payment. In James' case remedy provided and that the best the urgency of the occasion served to admit of. Writer's good friend Mr T W Hetherington will pay James' Bill for £240 due tomorrow reserving his right of coming back on James for it if hereafter writer proves unable to satisfy the payment. He will not in any event urge James to an inconvenient payment. James' brothers at Charleston have a large value of bills running upon writer, but writer begs to assure James and family and friends that writer is neither unmindful nor hopeless of accomplishing what their credit and best interest requires. In uncertainty of writer's own affairs obliged to speak with some reserve but his ardent desire to protect them to the utmost writer must beg them not to entertain a doubt of. Postcript Mrs M and writer's sister support themselves well and cheer writer by their courage. - 1819

514 - 24 June 1819 James Rowland and John Nuttall, Commissioners for Great Longston, Little Longston and Wardlow inclosure at Edensor Rise to James Longsdon Esq, Longstone, requesting immediate payment into hands of Messrs Arkwright & Co, of Wirksworth, Derbyshire the Bankers appointed under Act of £250.8s.6d. his proportion of expenses some time ago applied for. - 1819

515 - William Cobbett at Hyde Park to "Mr John Longsdon or Mrs Franklin". "The sun seems to have no mercy on us. In this state of things and with this prospect I continue to sow piece after piece broadcast in the manner I told Churcher. If I were you I would do the same for when the rain comes the seed will be in the ground and will be ready to come up and Churcher knows how to get 400 bushels upon an acre, broadcast, upon land like yours". Writer is backward on account this drought cannot send a man to plough, one of his men being gone away. Tell Churcher, that writer would instantly put the cabbage ground into ridges 3 feet apart only in order to get a number to make up for want of large size, and he would then put over the ashes, a good dressing. The land may lay a day or two and then writer would plant out, though not a drop of rain should fall, have 2 acres ready on next Thursday night. Writer will be over on Wednesday if it be fair. Writer has plants enough if John has not. So that there need be no failure as to cabbages. The more adverse the season the more valuable the crops will be. Writer finds that Judge Mitchell has not sown yet. Writer begs John to get a move on sowing the Turnips broadcast and not spare seed. His own look beautifully, though in the midst of this fire. If at last John chooses to transplant, he may pull up the turnips and do it where he has sown broadcast. Shall be over on Wednesday and in meantime writer begs to be very kindly remembered to Mrs Franklin. Postscript. Don't lose time. Mitchell has sown an acre broadcast 15 days ago. Just coming up a few. - 11 July 1819

516 - 29 July 1819 - William Longsdon at Manchester to James Longsdon junior, Longstone enclosing £50 bank note which will about square their account with James. - 29 Jul 1819

517 - 3 August 1819 William Longsdon, Manchester to James Longsdon in Ashford. Sent him £50 Bank of England note by David Longsdon who left on Saturday - which James will of course pass to credit of John & William Longsdon. - 1819

517? - Letter from ? to ?

518 - 13 August 1819 William Longsdon at London to James Longsdon thanking him for acknowledgment of £50 note. Does not yet know what can be done to raise more money for James but certainly not much. Thomas Gardam will be in England soon and they are but half prepared to return his money. However, till he does return writer can raise James £110 lying hands of Thomas Leech, Son & Co though not due. Interest of course will be incurred. James' account with Lomas & Bell will both be paid. Can give James little information about Wool - already advanced in consequence of new duty of 6d in 1lb which takes place in a few months which will operate an exclusion to importation of all coarse varieties - but as consumption was chiefly in cloth for foreign markets ultimate effect probably to suspend making of such cloth rather than cause extravagant rise in middling qualities of their own Wool which are always principally applied to home use. Prices now paying in his neighbourhood are 35/- or 36/- which are high enough for times they are in. To hang on for another shilling when all their reserves are likely to be wanted seems to writer useless plague and bother. Found Mr M in good spirits and looking cheerfully on future business, His affairs are completely settled on plan James is acquainted with - Good enough to say they shall not be losers in the end that for a time things must remain as they are. Perfectly satisfactory and makes writer quite easy. James' account is writer believes merged in THEIRS and calls for no separate remarks. This is subject James must be silent upon. Not able to visit Longstone until writer has been to Manchester again. Leaves London on Monday or Tuesday next. Will come ere long but exact day cannot fix. - 1819

519 - 24 August 1819 Sullivan's Island. Obituary of John Longsdon, died at Sullivan's Island on 23 August. Left Charleston for Island on outbreak of yellow fever but within few days seized by it and died on 4th day. Medical aid ineffectual but tenderly nursed day and night by Mr C of Glasgow. Body rests in burial place of S Michaels. - 1819

520 - 23 Oct 1819 William Longsdon at Liverpool to James Longsdon junior, Ashford. Arrived last night. Likely to sail tomorrow about 3 o'clock, high water, 2 other passengers, respectable people, and good report made of captain - fair chance of being comfortable. Shall be busy all day and have not yet been aboard. Mr Buckley senior is with writer to prepare manuscripts and to look after his late son's affairs. - 1819

520 - Please pay out of money of writer's James holds at home, £30 to Messrs J & E Wrigliston of Chesterfield, uncle's interest £15.8s; Scarr & Petty at Manchester on John's account about £36; Geary & Horne on writer's account about £20 and another small account circa £2.14s Mr Pilkington has the accounts and will give them to James. Please take stamped receipts. This will exhaust the whole sum writer claims from James and have nothing for Thomas. Gardam. Writer will settle with him on getting to America. Mrs Addison is paid. They ate the Goose on Thursday night and found it very good. Mr Pilkington joined them.

521 - William Longsdon at Charleston via Liverpool to James Longsdon. Wrote to Mother on 30th last day after arrival - unusually fortunate in making passage. Charleston now quite healthy and has been so some weeks. In regard to poor John's sickness writer wrote every particular almost that could be collected. Case most malignant from start, never showed ground for hope. Made great exertions to speak the day he died but quite unable - probably hastened death a few hours. Often and often urged to leave City on first symptoms of fever but steadfastly declined. Writer has done nothing yet about a gravestone but frequently thinks about it. John had placed various goods in hands of an auction house which failed after his death - lose about £100 in consequence. Funeral expenses £120 - Loss arising from TGs adventure circa £400 - working to ascertain precise position - will take time. Working till 9 o'clock every night. Labour begins to tell in books and accounts and will be eased in another month. Nothing new has suggested itself to writer's mind respecting future business. Shall proceed steadily through next year and then determine would suit writer's taste best to be unassociated with anybody in future. Will send James John's watch and a broach to their Mother all that is left. Some negro servants who remained in the house after Mr Campbell went to the Island committed depredations on his property and writer knows not to what extent. Send with it a seal writer gave John and now wishes James to possess. Keeping 2 other seals - 1 of which was mother's. Try to ascertain what became of document by which their Uncle gave them the £650 - cannot find it anywhere - here or in England. Mr Campbell now detained at Sacramento by severe wound received in Duel last Saturday. 2 shots at 8 paces - antagonist a worthless villain who escaped unhurt. 15 December 1819 - 1819

522 - 6 January 1820 Peter Longsdon at Manchester to James Longsdon. Hoped to see James next week but cannot. Encloses his Bills value £302.17s which he will please forward to brother John and arrange James' accounts with him and likewise some interests due from James' father and inform him the amounts of these two sums. Writer will then remit James the balance for the present divident. May be able to spend few days in week or two. - 1820

523 - William Longsdon at Charleston per Kensington via Liverpool to James Longsdon: recently written to father and mother but vessels still wind bound. Sent by Captain Adams of ship Glide small parcel to care of James Harrison containing John's watch, a seal and a broach. The seal being one writer gave him wishes James to have it as present from him. Watch - thinks James should allow writer £10 though if matters turn out better than prospects promise far from his wish that James should possess it on these terms. James already knows loss to J & WL arising directly and indirectly from affairs with T Gardam will be near £400. John's funeral expenses £130 and bills on his behalf £40. Some goods he sold turned out a bad debt £75. Writer's expenses this year fortunately very light £270 or 280£. With reasonable success may regain a little ground by January next. Whatever is said on this ground James not to report. 18th. welcome letter of 21 November - glad James has paid their Uncle £15.8s for which sum James' credited. Pay him next half year's interest when due towards which already £5.12s 6d account linseed charged to him by Thomas Leech & Co. Cotton shipments likely to lose rather than make money - have not bought single bag on own account. Will remit T Gardam nearly whole amount he claims from him this month - say within £100 if writer's funds come in. Obliged for copy of Needham & Co's account current. Hear from writer in a month and others before. Love to them all and his Uncle John. - 11 Feb 1820

524 - Josh. Addison at Alfred Place, Salford, to James Longsdon, Ashford - 2 Mar 1820

525 - J Harrison at Liverpool to James Longsdon junior - 18 Mar 1820

526 - 28 March 1820 William Longsdon at Charleston per Robert Fulton via Liverpool to James Longsdon recent pleasure of letters of 19 Jan & 15 Feb. Thanks sincerely for kind offers of assistance where James' help can be useful - shall keep in mind and may call on James when time approaches for visiting writer's Manchester friends. Family concerns seem going on tolerably well. If father and mother only enjoy good health shall be satisfied. Bessy says mother wished to have stone put up to John's memory in Longstone Churchyard - quite proper - means to write to her. Not yet given orders about one here. Wishes to know Mr Valk's opinions. Writer uses what fits of John's shirts - sold rest and gun and dog. Does not think his estate was worth anything on 1 September. Losses occurred then to fully £500. Cotton which arrived in London last summer and promised a handsome profit will now pay little or nothing. Mr M contrary. - 1820

527 - Josh Addison at Manchester to James Longsdon - 16 Apr 1820

527 - Medical and diet instruction for ? - 18th cent

528 - 26 April 1820 J Bishop at Bents Green near Sheffield to James Longsdon esq Longsdon [senior]. On Friday next shall be at Hathersage - wishes trustees of charity land at Booth Houses now occupied by Dakin to meet writer there and fix what is to be allowed for land to be taken to road now making from Hathersage to Booth Houses. - 1820

529 - 8 May 1820 David Longsdon at London to brother Mr John Longsdon at Little Longsdon - First opportunity of writing since return to London - long absence from home, much work on return. Promised John to see how Brother Peter's accounts stood with late Brother Anthony's personal property which amounts to £1,400 of which they have each received 7 at £1,500 = £10,500 Legacy duty £228 Doctor's, Lawyers' Bills £782 Balance to account for By Brother Peter £2,500 £14,010 And as trial with Mrs Evans remains undecided they can not with propriety make further division of property for John's is one of administration and as such liable to make good his share of expenses in law suit which if it is proved against them and she recovers amount of cheques she holds, John sees they must remain as they are at present. Mr Hewitt is taking steps to bring this affair to an end but uncertainty of law must temper their too sanguine expectations of success. If it is carried to Lancaster there given against them, will swallow up residue of property. Hopes letter finds John with their relatives and family in his circle in good health as such leaves writer and family. Left Manchester last Friday 28 and arrived safely on Saturday evening and had very pleasant journey. Rode outside coach, but moon at full, night quite agreeable and pleasant. Cannot make a favourable report as had hoped. Cottons advancing regularly for many weeks so that besides inability to execute orders with satisfaction writer has now stopped buying almost entirely. Interruption prevents writer earning at least £300; great disappointment. Robbed either by mistake or design of property worth £50. By erroneous estimate of their affairs by T Gardam and John. Writer is £150 worse. In fact on 1 December last writer was £50 in debt - and just had letter from T Gardam charging him with nearly £100 more than writer expected. Dispirited just now but shall not easily accede to TGs' terms of settlement. Mr George M also still holds writer's cotton in London after refusing a profit of £300. Not now worth cost and charges. However gains in last few months enable William to visit England and return if necessary. Commissions over £500. Do not report on this unless in part to Uncle - can only represent that has done better than could be reasonably expected when left England. Expects to be in England in early August. Should have interview with writer's business connections, or poor chance of employment next fall. - 1820

530 - 18 May 1820 Per Tamar via Liverpool. William Longsdon at Charleston to James Longsdon. Last letter 28 March in answer to James' of 15 Feb. Encloses letter for uncle containing receipt for the £670 - equal document of conveyance not found. Don't reckon on any money but if writer has £100 free in August he shall have it. If James can find a well bred young pointer accustomed to sport for 2 guineas - or 3 if handsome might answer to buy one. Could get 50 dollars here for it. Sold old "Nell" for 20 and she was too fat and idle to heed or hunt. Fine weather now, somewhat warm which makes mosquitoes troublesome. - 1820

531 - Undated letter before 1821. Stamp Bakewell. Letter by S Gardam to Aunt Mrs Longsdon at Little Longsdon with news of visits asking when she and her husband will visit them - love to James & Kate.

532 - 23 August 1822 William Longsdon at London to James Longsdon, Longstone - after leaving James at Ashford got well to Manchester same day. Enquired about terms for mortgages - could not hear of anybody disposed to lend under 5% £200 were offered to writer at that rate. Little time may probably enable James to do better - though by borrowing this sum at 5% a material saving may be made. Would enable father's executors to propose to his creditors alternatives of 4% or being paid off. Mr Morewood thinks first step towards settling their father's affairs should be for James to get a release for his executors from all those people to whom his estate is indebted by giving James' own security instead of William's ie, James became their debtor in lieu of them, then James pays them off later as convenient. Few or perhaps none who would object to nominal change. Mr M will accept duty of active executor if necessary, but in meantime as an opening or power may be left in common to do this. Please let Mr Bossley know and that William can be ready to do needful on Tuesday next 27, in regard to proving, Mr M will with him undertake office of trustee for Kate and he thinks her and Bessy's property should remain in James' hands under security unless they require it to be paid, or James wishes to pay it off. Rate of interest should be regulated to times - say 5% first year and afterwards account owing to circumstances. Writer's idea, however, is that if James can dispose of Finch to Kate it would be to James own advantage and perhaps prevent future disagreement. Writer will leave London by Regulator on Sunday next and should be glad to have horse ready at Duke of York on Monday - could perhaps bring writer's bag back or part of its contents. Let him bring stamps with him. - 1822

533 - 8 March 1823 William Longsdon at Charleston per William via Liverpool to James Longsdon - would have been interesting to hear what further steps James has taken in settling their father's affairs. Hopes James will have arranged to pay William £1,000 - worth more to writer than 10%. Any sum James remits to Thomas Leech Son & Co of Liverpool for writer's account, they will give James a receipt for. Often recommended James to make efforts for reducing rate of interest payable on father's debts. Thinks James could accomplish it with little exertion. Wishes to do everything able to accommodate James and make situation comfortable even at moderate sacrifice - but wishes James to feel same to others. Writer's circumstances as well as his sisters are poor enough compared with James' yet with exercise of good will amongst themselves abundant reason for contentment. Writer uncertain whether to come to England next summer. Good deal of business in hand which probably requires presence in northern states. Hopes to make trifle more than expense - loss of £50 few weeks back. Great deal pecuniary distress in this part of America, perhaps never so much since the revolutionary war - afraid extreme depression of agriculture will fall heavy on James. Papers give miserable accounts of price of beef etc. whole world is suffering more or less. Please pay Uncle half year's interest. - 1823

534 - 16 October 1824 John Irwin at Carlisle to Mr James Longsdon. At James' advice attended Falkirk Fair on Tuesday last but in consequence of enormous price in different sorts of cattle declined purchasing any amount that would injure James. Only bought what thought would suit James' purpose. 20 cows and heifers in calf, dearer by 10/- a head than last market. Good highland bullocks unobtainable to do any good. Attended Carlisle today and unable to effect any sales for James purpose. Only purchased two calves. Anticipates buying a few in this neighbourhood before rest come down from Scotland. Sheep 3-4/- a head; wedders and ewes dearer than last market. - 1824

535 - John Hirvin at Lancaster to James Longsdon - should have been sooner at Longstone but lost a heifer which delayed writer 4 days. Found her in a wood very lame. Bought 10 Highland bullocks of Mr Whilley of Sprink Hill and 5 more, 1 good calving cow writer sold who calved on the road, the roads being very bad for 8 days and one of the 10 bullocks is very low. The frag of the fore feet very bad. Writer thinks he will sell it for it can't get up. Expects to come on Thursday if weather fine.

536 - 24 January 1825 Samuel G Gardam of 8 Clements Inn, London to James Longsdon on Bromehead v. Longsdon - wrote to James on 14 last - on answer to plaintiff's bill asking him to call on Mr Mander and sign it - no word - time almost expired. - 1825

537 - 19 April 1825 W Johnson at Glutton to Mr Longsdon with £20 rent due last Lady Day. - 1825

538 - AO to Kate undated accompanying gift? of bible.

539 - 14 June 1825 Samuel G Gardam of 18 Clements Inn, London to James Longsdon on themselves and others v Bromehead and others stressing importance of answer to plantiff's bill that James did not inter meddle with father's effects and claim no beneficial interest. Surprised to learn now a married man - news so indirect that writer did not hear name of his lady. Is it correct? If so, sincere congratulations to wish both every possible happiness and comfort. - 1825

540 - 25 June 1825 John Bell at Carleton to James Longsdon, Little Longsdon has received his kind letter enclosing bill value £190 - sorry to hear markets worse - hopes it will only be from excess heat which has troubled writer. Recovering now and able to rise for few hours daily. Shall be on crutches in a week. Compliments to Mr Watson and young gentlemen and happy to hear cattle all home safe - Excuse scrawl - 1st attempts to rise since accident. - 1825

541 - 22 March 1826 P Longsdon at Ardwick to James Longsdon asking him to engage house servant for his [Ps] house in Little Longsdon. Family in service of Mrs Gregory with memoranda on her engagement. - 1826

542 - Copy will of James Longsdon 10 March 1827.

543 - Sydney Smithers at Ashford to William Longsdon care of Messrs Leech & Harrison, Liverpool, forwarded to Charleston, South Carolina via Corinthian. Referring to Miss Longsdon's letter of 18 last with news of brother's death on 15th. Went peacefully after long illness, with resume of earlier recovery to bar entail, will, including £200 to Mr Gardam - only a just remembrance of unremitting attention to his concerns. Financial position owing about £12,000 with damaging illness worth about £17 or £18,000 with account of claims known to him. Funeral on 22 attended by uncles, Mr Gardam, P Longsdon & Smithers, Mrs Longsdon and little boy, Miss Longsdon, Miss Gates, Miss Finney, Major Carlisle, Mr Needham, Revd H Barker, Mr Nayler, Mr Finney, Mr Grey, Mr Wagner and Mrs Harrison as bearers. Smithers saw J last on 10th. Mrs Smithers twice prevented by weather - reference to approaching confinement. 23 March 1827 - 23 Mar 1827

544 - Ann Longsdon at Longsdon to William Longsdon per Pacific - 28 Mar 1827

545 - Sydney Smithers at Ashford to William Longsdon care of Messrs Leech and Harrison forwarded care of Messrs Masters and MacKoe, New York, per Canada. - 27 Apr 1829

546 - 23 May 1827 Per William Byams. William Longsdon at Philadelphia via Liverpool to "his dear sister" Mrs A Longsdon, Longstone, near Bakewell. Just received her letter of 28 March and Smithers and Bessey's yesterday - satisfaction that brother died with such assured feelings of happiness through attainment of his saviour. Next to her and child no one will feel brother's death more, nor had he a more sincere friend - though now begin to fear for the first time James did not think so. Distresses more than shall probably ever speak of. Never told William anything of his affairs - would to god he had. Certain he would now be living a cheerful happy man. When father died William judged his estate worth £10,000 over all its incumbrances - never dreamed poor James had debts beyond what his stock would pay. Naturally concluded he could properly call that his own. Repeatedly given him statements to this effect but it never induced him to extend his confidence to writer in way of explanation. Entirely surprised. Arrival of that letter from Liverpool at such a time distresses mind exceedingly. It was in consequence of what passed between him and writer at Manchester last summer. Precarious state of James' health struck writer and pressed him to make a will for sake of his family - half promised to do so. Writer does not quite understand James' arrangements but if with conformable equity has done right. Hopes executors will take no final steps regarding sale before writer comes to England - as Executor of father's will must see his Will be carried into effect. Expects to sail for Liverpool, 16 June. Respects to family. Love to uncle John. Kindest wishes to little Henry. - 1827

547 - 19 June 1827 Smithers at Ashford to William Longsdon, Messrs Leech, Harrison, Liverpool. Understand from Harrison William may be in Liverpool this week. Anxious for intelligence from him. Not aware of any circumstances demanding so immediate presence here as to cause William great inconvenience but desirable he comes as soon as may be. Brothers debts £12,000, whole estate valued at £18,000. Will proved. Writer does not think it proper or satisfactory. Mrs Longsdon and sisters none of them very well. Mrs Smithers daily expecting to be confined. Let them know when to expect William. They have a bed at his service. - 1827

548 - Smithers to William Longsdon, Messrs Leech, Harrison, Liverpool. Has received letters of 23 May from Philadelphia and 6 June, New York. At present no steps taken by brother's executors for sale - comtemplated sale in one lot, but Wager now expresses himself desirous to only sell as much of outskirts as would meet debts. Wager hoped William might purchase what they have occasion to sell - outskirts excluding home - intention to make William this offer before they take any other step. Writer has accurate plan and his own valuation of property at his service in Liverpool or here. Details of Smithers actions concerning his and Mrs Longsdon's [William's mother] and Miss Longsdon's claim on estate. Regrets that did not advise James to make will and that money is left to James' widow and her sisters. 4 July 1827 - 1827

549 - 26 July 1827 Executors of late Mr Longsdon to William Longsdon at Mr Smithers, Ashford. They were all in attendance at hour appointed by himself and not favoured by his company - will meet him at 4 tomorrow afternoon if it suits him. - 1827

550 - Mr Parkinson of Manchester to William Longsdon at Smithers in reply to his of 26 of this month. with legal opinion on payment of annuity of £30 to uncle under deed or other writing of Feb 1819 entitling William to with hold £650 [from purchase price of brother's property] but uncle must sign annexed confirmation of previous arrangement. With instructions on procedure. William entitled to interest on £2,000 from time directed to be paid. 28 July 1827 - 1827

551 - 2 August 1827 2nd letter - MR to William Longsdon at Smithers after seeing brother's will concerning question whether William and sister have abandoned part of legacies under father's will - depends on whether brother gave consideration or inducement or if there was deficiency of assets - otherwise not precluded from insisting on full amount. Insufficient witnesses to codicil to charge real property with extra legacies - so unless sufficient personalty William has no remedy but don't notice or allude to this. Will of William's brother cannot affect his right as executor of his father. - 1827

552 - 6 August 1887 Copy letter by William at Ashford. Executors of late James Longsdon enclosing proposition for purchase of 41.1.38 acres of land, also Dale Close and lower garden + 39.0.11 together with Flaxdale bottom 6.2.34 and leaving out Finn. Propositions founded on his valuations and those of Mr Gregory and Mr Thornhill. - 1887

553 - 9 Aug 1827 Executors inform Mr William Longsdon at John Shuttleworth Esq, Manchester that proposals cannot be received. - 1827

554 - 13 August 1827 Smithers to William Longsdon at Shuttleworth. Has received William's of 10th and called on Wager this morning and followed him to Bakewell where met him and Harrison - not seen William's latest letter to executors - so showed them copy William sent writer to ascertain their views - not clear themselves in their views - H & W refuse to give up Dale Close and Garden or to abate price 1s. Wager offered to take it at the money - if can't realise that sum for that and Riottes must offer whole for sale. Harrison undertook to find purchasers for £16,000. If no purchase of land made by William and sisters what do they intend about legacies? - they admit William's claim to £2,000 subject to deduction of £500 paid to his brother John, and sisters [claim] at £1,000 each. Take opinion of eminent Chancery Counsel on whole case and on William's return they can act on it and settle matter. Mrs Longsdon not so sick Saturday and Sunday and better day today - not had another fit. Grace is better and arm likewise. Kate rather better. - 1827

555 - 14 August 1827 Anne Longsdon to William Longsdon at Shuttleworths, Manchester. Did not receive William's letter from Manchester addressed to executors until this morning. Various executors away so writing to explain that no modified proposals were made because thought best to defer further discussion until William's return from London - expected about 25th. Misconceive motives of self and trustees - have no interest but of self and child - services gratuitous. Must be aware have most troublesome unpleasant duty to perform. Share her anxiety to keep as much as possible of estate for "my darling child". Wish to pay William's father legacies to full though William himself told her two years ago that he had given up £1,000 and his sister £500 each on account of embarrassed state of affairs of family. Had extra £2,000 now claimed been utmost of husband's property would have been cheerfully paid if depended on her. Prays that he and she and all their hearts hold dear shall find peace her husband found through same Almighty saviour. - 1827

556 - 15 August 1827 Smithers to William Longsdon at Messrs Lucas and Ewbank, London, on details of conversation of Peter Longsdon with trustees who are anxious to continue negotiation, with various suggestions. - 1827

557 - 21 August 1827 Smithers to William Longsdon at Lucas and Ewbank. Has had letter of 18th; disappointed William intending to return to America so soon. Details of new proposals for sale by trustees with copy of particulars. 37.0.11. at £2,750 and 22.2.31 at £2,300. Smithers thinks they should close with trustees who else will have to sell whole estate. Trustees willing to admit William's claim at £2,000 and sister's at £1,000 each. Requests for books and offer to sell wine and spirits in hand to raise money. - 1827

558 - 22 August 1827 J Barrow of Basing Hall Street to William Longsdon opining that legacies under codicils to father's will are charge on copy hold estate - proper remedy suit in Chancery. Costs opines would be directed to be paid out of William's father's estate. - 1827

559 - 29 August 1827 William Longsdon to trustees. After father's death in Summer 1822, valued 165 acres of old enclosed land at £75 per acre and the commons as it then was at £1,000 - in all £13,375 - brother positively denied worth so much. His behaviour and observations added to strong wish of self and sisters that estate should not be sold led to compromise of legacies and with William to leaving money in James' hands. They now value this at £15,000, whilst brother valued it at £13,000. Writer feels that situated as he was he has yielded more to brother's interest and comfort than reason or connection require unless writer had known him to be encumbered with more difficulties than self which was not the case - Not sorry for what he did. Motives for which anxious to keep estate in Little Longstone together as much as possible, not of personal bearing. Argument on separate sheet on value of land to be purchased and on value of whole estate. 37 acres above house valued by Wager and Hamson at £2,750. £75 p acre - principal and best part bought from Col Wright circa 1808 at average £50 per annum including timber and buildings - now valued at £42 per annum by Gregory and Thornhill - though and not worth as much now as then - was bargain. Value of whole estate account exec. £2,000 more than late owner estimated in 1822. Offers £4,000 on behalf of sisters and self for 2 lots 37.0.11 and 28.0.28 - £6 per acre more than Gregory and Thornhill. Sum demanded £4,310 - Own valuations of whole estate - details amount to £15,900. - 1827

560 - 30 August 1827 Executors consider offer inadequate - will go to public auction. - 1827

561 - Copy letter from William Longsdon to Smithers on details of arrangement for payment of uncle's interest and other small sums by Smithers who draws to reimburse self on William's account with Leech and Harrison where £200 placed with view to possible farming on William's behalf, and possible details of arrangement with brother's executors, etc. Wishes Mr Charge to deal with title and instructions will be left with Leech and Harrison to supply sum necessary to complete payment. George Morewood to surrender his sister's bond to Mr Charge on Smither's giving to Mr Charge sufficient mortgage on land to be bought from mother's trustees. William should buy mortgage in £1500 to be made for sister EL. 11 September 1827 - 1827

562 - 19 September 1827 George Morewood, London to William Longsdon, care of Shuttleworth, Manchester. Sorry to hear having so much trouble with brother's executors - disposed to judge Mr Naylor harshly - but encouraged by other executor's determination to assert equal rights with him. Hopes they will do all that in reason and justice ought to keep old estate in family. Will write to Mr John Gardam if any help. Will put William's letter with his brother's bond so that shall have his instructions if occasion arise for bond's surrender. Is Mr Smithers from account of his peculiar situation a proper person to be engaged in purchase of land - remember awkward circumstances that attended friendly attempt of William's late brother to improve property at Thornbridge. Sorry for Mrs Barker - so poorly. Their boys delighted with the visit to the Peak. Mrs M indeed very kind and indulgent - went home in ignorance of former unpleasantness between Mrs M and their Aunt Helen and him. Believe all well at Islington - now a resident at the Brewery the usual resident partner Mr Woodbridge being on tour to France and other acting partner Mr Everest being sick. Mr Hoare comes daily from Mitcham to seek that Brewery stands in same place. - 1827

563 - 19 September 1827 Ann Longsdon at Longsdon to William Longsdon at L&H, Liverpool. Writes because William said he would be glad to hear from her. Pained to hear of unpleasantness between him, Mr Harrison and Mr Wager. Cannot see why things cannot be arranged amicably. Can none of them help her dear husband's affairs being in so deranged a state. None can deny she is the greatest sufferer. Her wish now as always for peace and unanimity. No one will ever persuade writer that the faults are all his brothers. His many faults he confessed and lamented and sincerely repented. Never understood what part of his brother's will is so blamed. Mr Smithers said Mr Harrison ought to have interfered as a professional man in making it. Does Mr S think William's brother in full possession of his senses would have allowed Mr H to interfere. Thought several times she would ask William but lacked courage. Brother thought he had made a just will. Left disposal or keeping of remainder of estate to writer. Wishes and intends to keep it in the family but will not give any documentary promises that it shall not be sold. Reminder that year today by day of week since his brother and himself bade each other farewell in Manchester. Poor fellow - so anxious William should see her and their sweet child before he left England. Gentle reproach for not calling on her parents. Wishes he can make arrangements to settle in Longsdon - thinks runs great risk of crossing Atlantic twice yearly. - 1827

564 - 19 September 1827 Wra Longsdon at Manchester to Mrs Longsdon. Has written to her a few days ago but not able then to state particulars of account with brother. Balance due to William on 6 November next £73.18s.6d Told executors will not claim interest on £2000 until next year dating from father's death 6 November, but not to be charged with deduction for legacy duty in consideration of this and the £1000 which is agreed to be abandoned or of the £5000 whenever the other £4000 are settled. Hopes she gets on comfortably in arranging distressing business in hand. Thinks and feels for her and Henry respecting him, not forgotten what passed a few evenings before left Longstone. Appearances induce unfavourable judgements of writer but trying to do what is just. Leaves Manchester on 21st and Liverpool on 25th. Hopes to hear from her. Should like to know whether writer is likely to become tenant to house etc. or not. Sends Mr Smithers a power of attorney to act in Father's will in his absence. Love to Henry. Details of account with William. - 1827

565 - 22 September 1827 Anne Longsdon to William Longsdon at L&H, Liverpool. Not heard anything respecting their affairs not seen any of the gentlemen except Mr Wager - as soon as anything decisive or satisfactory will immediately write to William hopes he will live here and have happiness which her husband possessed not. Her Uncle is at Buxton for his health. Regrets exceedingly that they did not meet on friendly footing. Told William to think him hostile to him was quite a mistake but from peculiarly trying circumstances in which writer is left and false and disrespectful things he has heard from several quarters thinks it is particularly his duty to be alive and on the alert for her interest and her child's. Writer's uncle thinks there will not be a sufficiency for her and her child - though as William said there are different ideas of sufficiency. Should uncle's fears be realised, writer must make some exertion if God gives her help. If not, her brothers will again not doubt gladly contribute to the comfort of her and her dear child. Henry not well, her mother says it is nothing more than a little ailment and will be well in day or so. - 1827

566 - Smithers to William Longsdon at L&H, Liverpool, acknowledging letter of 18th and power of attorney. 22 September 1827 - 1827

567 - 20 November 1827 Smithers to William Longsdon at L&H, Liverpool forwarded to Charleston, South Carolina per Napoleon. Sale of stock end of last month went off badly - things generally fetching low prices - they bought in most of bullocks and refused writer's winter pasture of the Ashford farm at a valuation and put it up in lots and then ran it up to an unfair price. Bought for William winter pasture of all his lots behind the house for £13 and bought at Newhaven Fair 22 ewes for £28.12s - drawn on L&H for £40 in his "Primary Account" and £20 to make the payment to William's uncle. Sale of land on 2nd of this month. - factory for £100 to George Wilson and cottage for £50, subsequently sold cottages in Great Longstone to James Gregory for £300. Auction very poorly attended. Many lots not put up. Mr Furniss best customer for Flaxdale but does not know his price. - 1827

567 - Wager appears very much dumped - hopes to decide next week whether to keep any part of property and if so what part. Mrs Longsdon writing to William to say Briery must go. Think they have almost decided to sell whole. 22nd. Thinks William's Mother's life is drawing to a close. She takes but little nourishment and other symptons of approaching dissolution increase. It will be a happy release. With letter from E Longsdon on 20 November on Mother's growing weakness. She has suffered but little pain and lies quite still. Little Henry better then when last wrote. And cross letter from Smithers on his wife's proposal to increase William's purchase by £500 - money needed to relieve Smithers' anxiety. Everything connected with Hampden's business turns out ruinous. In financial difficulty and cannot manage without same. Cross letter from Kate asking William to buy £500 more land which he should have bought to relieve husband's financial straits; temporary assistance. Extremely anxious not to interfere with Kate's property but no available means of help except William. Asks him to assist her by taking the £500 in land and advancing her that amount as soon after receipt of this as conveniently arrange to do so - or advancing it by mortgage if he prefers to do so. Needs this sum independent of £200 to be repaid to William at Christmas 1828. - [1827]

568 - 26 November 1827 Received and answered 28 February 1828. Anne Longsdon at Longsdon to William Longsdon at L&H forwarded to Charleston, South Carolina per Pacific. She would have written long ago had information been pleasant. William's mother died last Friday night at 11 o'clock. Always most kind to writer. She was not told but sent boy on Saturday morning to enquire how she was. Before his return Mr Harrison and Mr John Barker of Bakewell called on business and said doubtless heard. He had seen a note to Mr W Gardam informing him. Last personal insult writer's beloved husband's family will have it in their power to show her, she has not heard when they inter her. At sale almost everything sold for less than valuation. Many things bought in rather than see them given away. On 2nd November when land should have been sold, Mr Brittlebank spoiled sale and behaved in such a manner that they threatened to send for a constable to throw him out. Factory and cottage sold. Flaxdale sold since to Mr Wyatt for £800 and other property in Great Longstone to Mr Gregory. Mr Harrison has bought Lime Kiln piece and common adjoining. Owing to great depression of times everything sells for less than valuation. Fears her child must be driven from house of his Father's. Shall prevent William's bargain being concluded until this be ascertained in order for him to have house if they are obliged to sell. Only hopes to keep about 40 acres. Shall be happy to hear William can return to England in spring. Child well and stout and becoming more intelligent. Uncle called - burying William's mother tomorrow. Feel James' loss increasingly. Sweet child would send his love to William if he were old enough to know what it means. Remember William should remember he has promised to be kind to him if writer is taken away. - 1827

569 - Received and answered 28 February 1828. E Longsdon to William Longsdon forwarded to Charleston, South Carolina per Pacific. Mother died on Friday 23 November, buried by husband and children in Longsdon on Tuesday. Increasingly feeble and quiet and peaceful release. Had some beautiful flowers to put over her; remembrances sent to all her old servants. Smithers to William Longsdon. Funeral on 27th attended by sisters and Miss Walker, Mr Thomas and William Gardam, Mr Thomas Longsdon and writer, Mr Browne and Mr Spencer. Funeral conducted by Mr Johnson with great propriety. Ladies followed in a chaise and gentleman walked; going by way of Little Longstone. 6 of inhabitants attended as under bearers. Hats and gloves sent to 8 or 10 women who had served William's family. Desirous to avoid unnecessary ceremony or expense. Imagine expense will exceed residue of his mother's annuity. Uncle John unequal to fatigue, did not attend. Brother's debts now reach £15.300 and personalty falls short of £2000. Still talks of reserving part of estate - will offer William 11 or 12 acres more in front of house at £90 per acre. William to consider whether he will purchase at that price or whether he will reject it and purchase house. Expects £3 an acre and £20 yearly for house or obliged to look for another tenant. Land of such prime quality no doubt of them attaining their price. 29 November 1827 - 1827

570 - Letter from Smithers - awaiting reply of his of 22 November anxiously. Executors delayed their meeting from week to week - decided to sell what land is necessary in front without exactly desiring it. Mrs Longsdon has probably written to him. If William agrees to writer's purpose - appropriate Upper and Lower Riotts and plantation to the investment of £1000 unless William would take a mortgage in preference which would be expensive because need deed, or does William prefer to take whole and grant a mortgage for £1000 at 4%. Writer would give Mr Harrison a bond for William on receiving £500. Sum will not completely meet needs but what more writer requires is only for the year. Ashby's family and Thornhills at Stanton distress by accident to Revd. Bache Thornhill when Edward Ashby's gun unintentionally discharged while out shooting together at Stanton - contents lodged in Mr Thornhills' head behind ear - at one time thought out of danger - relapsed - died on Tuesday after lingering a fortnight. Much obliged by present of apples though very much damaged and very badly packed. - 2 Jan 1828

570 - Kate Smithers to William Longsdon forwarded to Charleston, South Carolina - 1827

571 - 19 January 1828 Letter William Longsdon to Smithers - received his of 20 November. Thanks for news about Longstone. In regard to disposal of land should like to buy as follows provided executors will let writer of the purchase of the 37.0.11 behind Heginbothams which was £27000 No 169 Pasture £26 0s 03d Dale close £1 s 34d The Dale £5 3s 11d Upper Dale £6 1s 4d ............. 2s 07d A R P Field £1 1s 24d £41 3s 13d + other numbers £32 1s 03d pound;74 0s 16d Willing to take this £74.0s 16d at £70000 ................................. include Homestead and all outbuildings .................. £1600 ........ .......................... [other details of land]. Sending letter of credit to Smithers for £500 ........................... .............................................. Account of writer's mother does not surprise him. Feels for what writer's sisters have suffered. - 1828

572 - 1 February 1828 (Arrived 4 April 1828). Smithers at Ashford to William Longsdon forwarded to Charleston, South Carolina per Francis Peabody. Interview today with executors at Little Longstone. To arrange writer's account as regard certain sums charged to him by William's brother. Proposed to close account due to William's mother in connection with writer's and to balance the two - striking out the item of £500 with interest charged on him. Objected - willing to close his mother's leaving writer's open until purchase finally settled, the balance being in writer's favour. They cavilled great deal on this point, trifling if they intend to carry out agreement with William. Writer refused to balance and they settled William's Mother's only. Next enquired if William's Uncle John intent to call on them to fence out his allotments of common in Lime Kiln piece - as if he did they should insist on their claim to land on which his house stands and consequently the house - having already a few weeks back persuaded him to sign agreement for compromise of his debt, he thinks, at £766. Walked up to see him and returned to them his sentiments - had made sufficient sacrifice of money, interest, etc. and that had he been aware of their intention he would not have signed what he did and requested copy of writer's which they refused and determined to prosecute their claim to house. Called on them for a purchase agreement. Harrison replied did not think it honourable in them to bind William to purchase of that part of property when might eventually be compelled to sell whole. He and Wager have since repeated that Mr Naylor consented to terms agreed with William and they considered everything finally settled. Writer has also asked several times for an abstract and not ready. Raised question again today. Harrison replied could not furnish one until Mr Browne's mortgage was paid, the deeds being in his possession. Continuing amicably when Naylor raised question of codicils of William's Father's will. In consequence of what William said that they had been given up but that under existing circumstances William saw fit to claim them, they had taken Mr Denman's opinion and he (Naylor) did not feel justified in allowing them as he (Naylor) would be liable to the boy for repayment, therefore they would not allow them. Asked them why they let William leave England thinking things settled and why Wager and Harrison should both separately affirm same to him and that both Mrs Longsdon and Naylor consented to terms agreed with him at Bakewell, Naylor replied that he never consented to any agreement for payment of legacies and indeed disapproved of proposed purchase - Harrison turned it into proposal on William's part to forego his £1000 on conditions his sisters being allowed - but denied any agreement to William to writer. Wager attempted to explain it away by necessity of their case - amount of debts etc. Now clear intended to sell estate as one lot. Let writer know if William wants him to make this agreement known to his friend Mr Atkinson so that he can write to William. Writer's own circumstances source of equal anxiety as when last wrote. - 1828

573 - 3 February 1828 Arrived 4 April. Smithers at Ashford to William Longsdon forwarded to Charleston P.F. Peabody. Called on Harrison last night and same opinion - will try to get copy for William. Conceives legacy receipts, the accepting of bonds for £1000 and receiving interest on same to that time a bar to William's sisters' claim, but their case states that writer was not a party to the legacy receipt - a fact of which they appear to be ignorant and on this account he gives a different opinion as to writer's claim - expressing great doubt. In William's case he conceives accepting interest on £1000 is a bar to William's case. But upon the whole writer holds both the case and opinion lightly. On looking over William's letters found by one of 19 September that by that same post WL [Longsdon] "forward[ed] to Mrs Longsdon for the Executors my account with James up to 1st November next - giving balance in my favour of £73.18s6d and from that time it was agreed by Wager and Harrison that I should have interest on £2000 until the legacy was settled". Writer thinks he cannot be wrong in calling William's friend Mr Atkinson to write to William but at present will not take any other step. + letter from Kate in general terms. Poor Uncle John much distressed and agitated. - 1828

574 - Smithers at Ashford to William Longsdon forwarded to Charleston, South Carolina per Mary Ann - 22 Feb 1826

575 - William Longsdon to Smithers Wrote to him yesterday in consequence of letter just received from Mr Harrison stating his anxious desire to have £500 advanced. On this subject writer did everything in his power when his letter of 20 November reached him. This morning his letter of 29 November reached writer. Learned preceding day of Mother's death - great and awful change, certainly a happy one. Charge excess of funeral expenses over annuity to his account. Glad all servants remembered. Tell Bessy writer will write to her soon. In meantime anxious to know arrangements she makes for future residence. Received letter this morning from Mrs Longsdon - says uncertain whether any of land will be saved but if not she says she will stop writer's last purchase from being completed until writer can have the House. He may either take the house according to William's letter in January with 70 or 75 acres of land giving up the present purchase or he may add 10 to 12 acres more to what writer has got either above or below the house. Writer should much prefer taking house with about 40 acres £3 per acre and £20 per annum for seven years than have to buy house with 75 acres. In latter case shall almost certainly be obliged to continue living here and alone in business with all its risks. He may give £90 for 10 or 12 acres before the house, leaving out Jones close. Charleston, South Carolina, 25 February 1828 - 1828

576 - 10 March 1828 arrived 7 May per Eliza. Smithers to William Longsdon forwarded to Charleston, South Carolina. Wrote to William on 1st. Mr Barker of Burre House since called on writer to know if they will complete the purchases of land as agreed receiving legacies at £3000. As writer has uniformly understood William that basis of agreement was founded on legacies being allowed at £4000 with another £1000 to be settled on the child writer refused. Gathered generally that whole must be sold - in which case if William still wishes to purchase it leaves him at liberty to select. Told him that if they intended offering the Homestead William wished to treat for it. At all events confident that at an auction William may effect some purchase at cheaper rate - only risk the hatching up of some private sale. Barker told writer Wager had volunteered his private bonds of indemnity, against disputed legacies to any purchasers. Previously he talked of buying this lot and that lot but does not hear anything of it now. Told Harrison' purchase of Lime Kiln and Scratter lots is £1100. Barker states debts at £15500 and assets £19000 - if this is based on their original estimate odd thousand or two may be deducted. Also said executors convinced money borrowed by Father to advance to William and if could prove it would be justified in making further deduction from William's legacy. No clear information of intentions on further sales - furnish writer with William's views on what already know. In meantime if opportunity offers will act on directions in William's letter of 19 January as regard homestead. Shall only be puzzled if they attach larger quantity of land to it than William calculates on - eg the lot which was intended to put to Kate's share. Apprehensive of result of delivering William's account to the executors drawing interest on £1000 only lest it should operate against William. William must now be satisfied fully of their intention to take every advantage. Miss Longsdon at Youlgreave not very well; Kate better than usual. Just heard from Liverpool that writer's Father attacked by a palsy or apoplexy affecting his memory, Kate, Edward and Puff desire their love. - 1828

577 - 19 March 1828 Smithers to William Longsdon at Messrs Leech and Harrison, Liverpool. Saw Wager few days since who told writer that they had concluded not to sell anymore land at present but to hold it for another year; therefore opportunity of acting for self. Clearly aware cannot make any title without releases from legacies and Wager disclaimed any intention of indemnifying generally though might in Wyatt's purchase. Must be driven to sell sooner or later may be no occasion to take proceedings. Judge for self after seeing them. Been to Liverpool; writer's father not expected to survive many days. Saw Mr Harrison and left with him a bond for £499 - and when writer goes up again - probably next week will leave with him a note for £201 - varied amounts to save something on stamps. Mr Ashby been from home, nothing settled about farms. One of William's ewes has produced two lambs. - 1828

578 - 31 March 1828 arrived May - via New York. Smithers at Ashford to William Longsdon forwarded to Charleston, South Carolina. Arranged about farms - Mr Ashby proposed to take whole of them about a week ago when there appeared little uncertainty how long matters in this quarter might remain under his control - made him acquainted with state of affairs - and gave him William's letter. Settled writer should hold Little Longstone farm on understanding that if writer came to Little Longstone next Lady Day, writer is to give it up to William. This secures it to writer in event of William not coming if there should be changes in administration - more settled appearance in last few days. Not anxious for great allotments and seconded Wager's application for it and who takes it. Writer has the Ashford farm. Nothing new. They have very reluctantly fenced out William's uncle's allotment in Lime Kiln piece. He is much as usual. Sisters tolerably well. Dare say William will be home time enough to stand Godfather again if he should feel disposed. Kate's PS - Mr Smithers was told that Harrison had sold the small pieces of the Lime Kiln piece to two men at Wardlow. Bessy very poorly after went to Youlgreave but better for last fortnight. Mr Spencer now considers her better than ever been since he first saw her about time of Mother's death - advises keeping thin and quiet and taking moderate exercise walking every day - advice much what they said to her before she went to Youlgreave. - 1828

579 - 4 April 1828 Charleston. William Longsdon to Smithers. Received last night letters of 1 and 3 February with another attached from Kate. General contents unpleasant enough. If writer's brother's executors have been playing this deluding game - refusing to L........... the legacies at £4000 they cannot help it nor will their case be mended by abusing them for it. This consent and approbation was given by one and all for the claim of £4000 - every proposition that writer made was founded on that understanding - stated by writer more than once in writing as a sine quâ non and repeatedly in conversation. Of course shall contest the matter with them in writer's own right. If that condition be not complied with, writer's purchase of land as well as his falls to the ground. If condition be complied with writer still in honour bound to fulfil his share of bargain - but now wishes him and requests him not to make any further purchase for writer or to take the house and land in any terms whatever for writer. What he has done in consequence of authority conveyed by his last letter writer is not likely to decline to confirm. If executors lay great stress upon anything which has appearance of bargain or concession on their part may perhaps be necessary, in case try to sell estate in 1 lot including the portion they have bought, to intimate that they shall try to compel fulfilment of their part of contract. If determined to dispute compromise of legacies with them, they will not be able to give a title under a few years that will satisfy a purchaser. Sorry to hear his own difficulties unabated - however, by end February would probably get writer's letter of credit in L&H for £500. Hopes restore his ease of mind and circumstance. Will be very unlucky should he not succeed in getting Ashford farm. Writer would apply for the whole. Business does not go well with them in Charleston this year. Almost everything adverse. Does not know when he may expect writer in England. Perhaps mid or beginning August if not detained in this country. - 1828

580 - 26 June 1828 [L&H] Liverpool to Mr Sydney Smithers, Ashford, Bakewell. Received letter yesterday from Mr William Longsdon dated Charleston, 20 May informing them that Smithers had renounced the credit which he opened with them in Smithers' favour last September and that writer of course considered sum now at his disposal. Smithers also informed them when he was there that he would not use credit. Consequence transferred balance £1251. 17s as per annexed statement from Smithers' account to his. Please confirm arrangement and accuracy of statement. On 27 May in letter received this morning William expects to leave Charleston about mid June and travel via Philadelphia and New York. Cannot fix any probable time of arrival. Note William's account still in name of J & WL. - 1828

581 - Undated, Tuesday morning. Letter S Smithers to Mr Longsdon. No addresses. Stating arrangement for giving up house, garden and orchard, Hall, orchard and Frith yard and stable and deduction made of £14 in annual rent. Fixtures useful to SS to be taken at valuation. £30 to be paid by William towards repairs on relinquishing premises. Above Mr Ashby's views on respecting house which William can think over and adopt or reject as may seem desirable. Wishes to see William just after church if convenient. - [1828]

582 - 9 August 1828 Receipt by Sydney Smithers at Ashford to William Longsdon for favour of today's date inclosing £800 to his credit by way of loan. Overleaf 14 August 1828. Receipt of 13 of this month. including 2 Bank Post Bills of Manchester Branch of Bank of England Nos 3857 and 3858 - £500 each total £1000 to his credit. - 1828

583 - 13 August 1828 received 14 answered 15. George Murray at Manchester to William Longsdon esq at Sydney Smithers esq, Ashford, Bakewell. Both his letters of 11th received but too late for Bank. London Mail leaves before any Banks open in morning. Enclosed 2 Branch Bank notes for £500 each drawn in his favour. Please acknowledge receipt by return. Proposal for buying some WS bank shares shall have attention. - 1828

584 - Copy memorandum given to W Wager, 6 September 1828 Due to W Longsdon Account rendered to 6 November 1827 £73.18s 8d Interest on £2000 to 6 November 1827 £100.00s 0d £173.18s 6d Due to E Longsdon Interest on bond £1000 to 6 November 1828 £50.00s 0d £223.18s 6d With memorandum of receipt of above from W Wager with memorandum of mention of Mr Smither's account to be on 6 November next £75 or 1½ years on £1000 bond. - 1828

585 - 7 September 1827 J W Barker at Burre House, Bakewell to William Longsdon esq at Mr Smither's, Ashford, Nr Bakewell on Longsdon's affairs. Yesterday received note from Mr Gardam requesting writer to furnish William by Tuesday evening with account executors title to lands agreed by them to be sold to William. Abstract to old estate already made out, but parcels or names of the premises purchased by William are not put in because not knowing what parts etc of old estate he has purchased. Abstract because incomplete; Mr Harrison from home. If William can see writer tomorrow morning about 10.00 and bring agreement or copy, will abstract information necessary for William's purpose. If William has purchased any under Wright title it will take at least a fortnight before those abstracts can be prepared, and if any of land exchanged with Duke writer cannot say what time because settlement of that depends on some part on parties interested for the Duke the exchange not having come into effect in life of late Mr L [Longsdon]. - 1827

586 - 8 September 1828 George Morewood, London to Mr William Longsdon, care of Mr Smithers, Ashford, Near Bakewell. Sends according to promise late brother's box. Fellow travellers and writer got well to Islington. Mrs Barrow and grand-daughter Ann safely reached homes the previous Wednesday. Bring good accounts of their friends at Antwerp. Mr Alfred Barrow severe attack of rheumatic fever near Salem than family aware of until danger over. Gratifying visit among old and good friends and only regret circumstances did not allow longer stay. 2 companions which would have rejoiced greatly if permitted to extend their stay. Hopes bargain afoot at least concluded and that writer shall eventually meet William many times in old family residence. - 1828

587 - William Longsdon at Ashford to Sydney Smithers - 9 Sep 1828

588 - 13 September 1828 Formal joint expression by Sydney and Katharine Smithers of Ashford to William Longsdon of satisfaction with mode of investment of £1000 secured by bond of Mr James Longsdon, being legacy of late Mr Longsdon to Katherine. - 1828

589 - 18 September 1828 George Naylor at Sheffield to William Longsdon, esq at Mr Smithers, Ashford, Nr Bakewell. Writer has given Mr Rodgers necessary instructions to prepare agreement conformable to what was concluded upon at Little Longstone on Saturday last. Purchase money stated in 1 sum £7990 and note at so much per acre. Mr Charge will be informed by this evening's mail what conveyance the papers will be forwarded tomorrow - probably Express Coach leaving at 1 o'clock. Settlement cannot be made on lands William has agreed to purchase until deeds complete. Shall be at Little Longstone on Wednesday. - 1828

590 - 18 September 1828 Copy of letters by [firm of] John and William Longsdon at Manchester to L&H opening an account with them in favour of their J Harrison and Sydney Smithers of Ashford for £4000 a little more or less to be availed of about March next, and to Smithers and Harrison informing them of credit in their favour jointly or survivor for £4000 to complete a purchase of property by W Longsdon lately belonging to his brother James. Agreement and other papers in hands of Mr Charge of Chesterfield who will examine title and transact legal business. Settlement to be made and possession given on 25 March next under penalty of £300. Purchase price £7990 - £4000 of which trustees are to receive by cancelling so much of legacies to be paid to William Longsdon and his sisters. They are to supply Mr Charge with remaining £3990. - 1828

591 - Copy letter G Naylor at Sheffield to William Longsdon at Charleston, South Carolina - 12 Nov 1828

592 - 20 February 1829 William Longsdon, care of Robert Kerr, Charleston, to George Naylor, senior of Sheffield, forwarded, care of Charles Oates, Longstone Cottage, near Bakewell, forwarded Rutland Arms, Bakewell. Note by the General Brown on evening 18th of this month acknowledging receipt of 12 November - 2 lots of land divided differently from when writer left by adding Stone Pit Lees to Riotts Lot. Perhaps latter division better. Writer believes he can arrange to purchase 1 of the 2 lots, and as his views on entering into the business at all were more influenced by general family considerations than any personal interest, it will he thinks be best for him to take the "Higginbotham" lot as they called it for £2100, but including of course all the buildings, privileges, church pew, etc, the land being as Naylor states 29 acres, 3 rods and 5 perches and writer takes this accordingly should the Executors not have concluded some other arrangement with Mr Smithers which amounts to about same thing. If Naylor has found it necessary to sell this lot, writer will take the other of 35a Or 28p for £1900 - and in some respects this is the more eligible - certainly seems the cheapest. Little doubt but that will get 29a 3r 5p - could a further small tract be assigned for writer to afford an outlet or road to the common. Thinks this could be effected without injuring Riott Lot as a whole. If he can keep the remaining land in possession of Executors until writer's return to England, writer shall be glad; at same time does not pledge himself to anything further. Should appreciate one settlement of this at Lady Day. Funds provided through L&H should nearly answer purpose and at all events there will be sufficient within a few weeks of this time. One Title, one stamp and one trouble may as well suffice. If not practicable, land must remain with Executors another year. Refer them to writer's friends Mr H and Mr S. Have goodness to show WS this letter that he may know what to do - copy will be sent to him by Perfect tomorrow which will be forwarded to Naylor - if that vessel arrives first. - 1829

593 - James Harrison, Liverpool, to William Longsdon (private) - 9 Mar 1829

594 - 31 March 1829 James Harrison, Liverpool, to Mr William Longsdon, Charleston, South Carolina. Private. On 28 received both letters of 16 and 21 February by General Brown on the Perfect which arrived the same tide though no vessel from westward had arrived for 3 weeks and none since. Being 3 days after Lady Day not possible for new purchase of £2100 or £1900 to be included with £4000 purchase. Writer has carefully read the copy of Naylor's letter to William and William's reply, and letter to Mr S. and sent them forward. William's further credit with L&H for £2500 out of funds which he may place in their hands in favour of Smithers and Harrison has attention. William says in his letter of 21 February that if Mr S. has not remitted £700 to L&H, William cannot spare the money for this purchase unless Mr S. consents to reduce the credit for £400 in his favour in proportion as he may have remitted short of £700. Has only remitted £604.4s 6d L&H have opened him credit for £400 and writer has asked him to remit remainder £700, cancel £100 of the credit of £400 or not to make the additional purchase. Now including the £1300 writer sent on Murray's and Cardwell's which are accepted, William's balance in their hands is £1431 independent of 8 Days Cotton Plural, and William says he will remit £500 or £1000 more in 2 or 3 weeks and in this understanding writer hardly needs say that L&H would advance either £2100 or £1900, but as writer says he cannot spare the money unless Mr S. has fulfilled his contract writer will withhold L&H's credit from Smithers and Harrison until the balance is remitted or £100 cancelled from the £400 credit they have already given him and of which he has given them notice that he will avail himself 20 April. Been summoned to attend to settle for William's original purchases of £4000 on Monday 6 April. Writer will take money with him. Writer has informed Mr S that writer will be with him day after tomorrow to have time to discuss new purchase and his credit and remittance that he may be prepared to bargain with Executors when they meet according to his ability to renounce part of credit or remit whole £700. As for J Kearsley succeeding William, writer has had few words with the father today and must defer subject until return from Derbyshire - probably about 10 April when William will hear from writer addressed to Masters and Marker, New York. All well at home. Miss Leech as well as when William left. Mr Leech quite well. Brother George gives writer great pain and takes from him money the result of great care. - 1829

595 - Letter from Syndey Smithers to William Longsdon - 1829

596 - 2nd copy of Smithers' letter per Canada uncrossed by Kate

597 - James Harrison, Liverpool, to William Longsdon at Charleston, South Carolina - 12 Apr 1829

598 - Leech and Harrison (per Harrison) at Liverpool to William Longsdon of Charleston, South Carolina, care of Messrs Masters and Mackoe, New York per Canada - 16 Apr 1829

599 - 1 December 1829 answered 13 February 1830. Henry Gomdin at Charleston, South Carolina to William Longsdon Esq, Ashford, near Bakewell, Derbyshire per Sarah and Caroline via Liverpool. Letter of 6 October at hand, concerned at distressed state of country generally and distress and poverty surrounding William on every side. On William's own account regret that circumstances detract so materially from state of quiet enjoyment which man naturally expects and which he ought to realise after years of labour and toil. Binney sold yesterday 2 theatre shares at &dollar;230 each - highest price for some time. Company decidedly better than last season and enabled them to get more than expected early in season. Have written to Mr Williams about his band but as yet no reply - apprehend new difficulty. Shall attend to Holbrook's note and to William's instruction re Aubin - latter will pay in day or two interest on his bonds to 1 November - he has several little demands amount to 20 or 30&dollar; which writer shall allow in balance of William's funds shall be remitted as desired. Called yesterday evening in West Street to enquire how matters were going on. Her Ladyship was quite well but all the little ones were down with the measles. None sick enough to need medical advice and they were again convalescing. Binney still in neighbourhood and the old Colonel as devoted as ever to Mary Ann that Fairest but frailest of her sex. Friends here all well. Mr Fraser looking like one from land of roast beef and plum puddings. John G is looked for soon in town - he makes a bad crop and consequently seems less disposed to matrimony. Saffran well and wondrous to relate, though a monstrous beau, is actually in love with no one. Jim is quite hearty and seemingly happy. Fred looking as usual. Respecting business - they are as formerly ahead of Liverpool quotations and consequently doing very little. No new Sea Island on market and in consequence of short crops long prices are expected. Very little will be done in this until end of season. - 1830

600-601 - 12 August 1830 SS at Crosby Sea Bank to [WLongsdon] received William's letter which found them in occupation of same quarters as last year. This place is full, but one cottage to become vacant in day or two. Engaged present lodging for fortnight only from 5th - rent 3 guineas a week - hoping by expiration of that time to do better. Obliged by William's visit to Churchdale, things have gone badly there all summer both within and without doors. Loss of Beauty's services upset farming work and occasioned writer some loss this year beyond the deterioration in value of herself - to a certainty she was worth 35Gs. With regard to Captain will see what he can do on return. Writer has various customers for him at the time. Thinks there will be difficulty in detaching the flusters from the remainder of the farm, otherwise writer should find none in procuring a tenant upon the terms. More lime is not required in the field and as writer can do well with it at Churchdale must procure other. The amount will be £100 - much within what writer is entitled to. Some springs and old soughs yet require conveying into new drains which might be done by William's own men at opportunity to great improvement of field. Does not quite understand his proposal but as it requires no immediate decision writer may comprehend it before he returns or it can then be explained. Thinks he will find a definitive arrangement more satisfactory. Intends to assign to William one of the policies on his life for £950 as an eventual security for the £1000. They will now soon be maintained at little cost to writer and so soon as they have arranged the further balance. Writer proposed to effect a further insurance in that amount with the same view trusting to see this redeemed - if there any changes in accounts which are not well understood; writer means in farming line, they might satisfactorily be referred to Wager. - 1830

602-604 - 2-25 June 1832 3 letters from George Morewood at London to William Longsdon at Longstone, near Bakewell referring to a long visit which his son Rowland is paying to William and its restorative powers, his own lack of news from his sisters and enquiries concerning her health but chiefly to solicit [successfully] William's help for his son George Barrow Morewood. George who was in New York in his uncle Edmund's business has, William from his knowledge of Edmund will not be surprised to learn, left his uncle amicably, taken a country house and gone into lodgings separately, with an agency and salary from A Barrow, Putnam and Co. Father now engaged in Brewery much regrets own loss of contacts following secession from commerce and asks both for letters of introduction and a guarantee of £500 backing his own guarantee to Messrs Lucas and Ewbank [? of London]. George is not to use credit except in furtherance of business to Antwerp, Liverpool or Hamburg in consignments to A Barrow, Putnam and Co, Antwerp, Leech and Harrison, Liverpool, or Hagewinter and Terdooft of Hamburg. George has already an introductory letter given by Mr Ewbank to Masters and Mackoe and authority to refer to Messrs Jn Schneider and Co, to the sources both in London and Liverpool and to Messrs Leach and Harrison. [Obvious from letters that William and Leech and Harrison have agreed to give guarantees and that William is considering a letter of introduction to Messrs Prime, King and Co.] - 1832

605 - 2 October 1833 Anne Longsdon to Mr Longsdon, Little Longsdon, confirming that her friends at Mr Brookfield's share Dr Thompson's opinion that she has confirmed consumption and referring to her father's advice to her on his death bed that if she fell so ill that she was not likely to live to bring up her child should make a will leaving him to the person she trusts most, asks Urn's advice about making a will, asking William to be guardian of and father to his brother's child, mentioning his father's and her wish that he should have an excellent education. She states her anxiety about his soul and wishes him to be sent for a few years to Fairfield, a Moravian settlement near Manchester. Account of Henry's agony and grief when she is coughing and his cries that he cannot bear to part with her, and his prayers for her. Expresses her gratitude for all his kindness - him, his eldest sister and the kind family at the Cliff are the only individuals amongst her dear husband's connections who have not added contempt and insult to her heavy sorrows since widowed. Cannot talk about matter yet - so please write to her. - 1833

606 - 22 Feb 1835 Anne Longsdon to Miss Longsdon addressed care of Miss Gardam, Bowden, Altrincham, forwarded to Mr Cleggs, Ardwick Dye Works, Manchester - `My dear sister' Thanking her for kind letter received fortnight last Sunday evening same time as note from Mrs Saxton saying that her child was ill. Went to Darley Dale as soon as could get chance from Bakewell and find him very ill with scarlet fever. Stayed with him until allowed to bring him home on following Wednesday. Mr Poyser said a risk then less than in another week. Anxious to bring him home to relieve minds of Mr and Mrs Saxton who were very much afraid of other boys taking fever or that report of fever being in school should reach parents of other pupils. Henry now recovering. Miss Morewood will be bearer of this. Her brother poorly, just received note saying really feels better. Been too ill to go and see him. News of several other invalids. Wishes her and Miss Gardam every blessing in new residence. 4 March cross letter - letter delayed by Miss [Morewood]'s illness. Dr Reid pronounced Henry's throat well yesterday. - 1835

607 - TW Smith & Co at Liverpool to William Longsdon esq. at Liverpool: instructions consequent on agreement for William to undertake management of branch of firm at New York. New York in ordinary course of American business point through which greater bulk of money transactions of country pass and as they have little or no local business with that place - agents duties in main accepting bills drawn on the firm in New York from the south and such atlantic parts which they have agents who ship cotton. At maturity of bills reimburse self upon Liverpool or London branch which ever convenient, generally about 2/3 Liverpool 1/3 London but matter of no great importance. Their funds being pretty full occupied these requisitions must be made for cash. As general rule all orders for insurance will be forwarded to Liverpool except cotton which comes down from Columbay which must be covered by policies at New York as soon as advised. Against river, fire or marine risk either to New York or Liverpool can usually be done at 2½%.Added to the above he will have an upper policy to provide against any cotton that may be sent down without timely advice - this might be for about £20,000. From time to time communicate their views and his own to their friends in different parts of the states with whom they are in active correspondence and transmit them copies of what may strike him as interesting in their correspodnence. Mr Gronpelnis will put him in possession of whatever orders he may have placed in hands of their various correspondente for purpose of influencing cotton to their address together with necessary instructions relative to advances they will have to draw against same. Mr Jockmuss who will be resident in Columbus will give all particulars of what Mr Davis may do for them in Columbus and keep him fully advised from time to time of state of accounts in that place. Will also give him names and standing of their friends in different parts of states and nature of transactions that have had with them. Relative to any proposals of business that may be made to him in New York, very difficult to give any but general instructions - leave him fully at liberty to enter into any transactions he considers safe and advantageous which do not involve a cash advance on part of the house which in the present state of their balance they wish strictly to be avoided. Not infequently happens that highly respectable houses in the states send their agents here for the purchase of dry goods at Manchester and open a credit for them in Liverpool which is used by the manufacturer drawing at 4 months on Liverpool house who ship goods and charges 1% banking commission at 2/6 per package for forwarding, the New York house remitting funds to meet maturity of bills. This business is a good one if he can depend on the house in New York and might be entertained with parties on whom thoroughly rely to extent of £5,000 on any one account. Orders for Railway Iron may be obtained also from responsible people who send good bills on receipt of bill of lading. In passing his bills they do not anticipate any necessity to avail himself of credit with Dr Rhum and Co Prime Ward & Co, the other parties but should strict necessity arise he will find Prime Ward and King & Christmas Livingtone to be the most reasonable in their charges - former charge 1% the latter ½% for negotiating. Accompanied as he will be on his voyage and by Mr Jockmuss who is thoroughly acquainted with every department of their business, hardly necessary to go into further detail. So implicit confidence in William's character, discretion that shall most cheerfully at all times guarantee any transactions he may think proper to enter into in their behalf of whatever nature they may be. - 15 Oct 1838

608 - 18 March 1837 Anne Longsdon to Miss Longsdon care of Mr Elliott, Commercial Sale Rooms, Mincing Lane, London `My dear sister' - Knowing she frequently hears from Churchdale. Glad she is well. Their minister seriously indisposed. News of other invalids. Refers to Henry at school - headmaster Mr Keller. Mr & Mrs J Longsdon are well, she believes the gentleman is engaged at present in some situation by the Whig members of this division of Derbyshire - does not understand it sufficiently to tell her what but he seems to have a good deal to do in riding about county - it appears to be just what he likes. Glad she has heard comfortably from brother - time is very near when he told me he should return all being well. - 1837

609 - 3 August 1837 Received 7 Sept answered 11 Sept. Anne Longsdon to William Longsdon - via Mr E Vickers sailing for New York, 8th - all pleased to hear William again in good health - hope for tidings of William's return. Just heard from her brother John of death of their brother Charles, one of the innumerable victims of Cholera now raging in Naples, Partner John says published reports of deaths is 400-500 daily - he believes 1000 per day nearer truth. John nursed Charles 5 days and nights. Henry home for 5 weeks, elbow as strong as before fracture. Hired carriages from Bakewell and asked Mr J Longsdon to drive them to Sheffield to return Henry to school. Spent day in Sheffield - visited Botanical Gardens. Understand sister EL [Longsdon], and same of family at Churchdale writing - Mr and Mrs Smithers and family much better health for long time than used to have. Edward very fine boy indeed. Katherine and Rosa gallop about on their new ponies quite in style, both seem quite fearless. Wishes William could see his garden this year, beautiful as roses generally are there; they think this year they have surpassed all former years. William's greenhouse does not look very splendid, only some of common plants remaining. Those are pretty, the geraniums flowered well. Twice this summer as far as Chettpit Plantation a tolerably long walk for her. Her dear husband planted that plantation and always called it hers. - 1837

610 - 11 June 1838 Anne Longsdon to Miss Longsdon, Bowdon Downs, Altrincham, Cheshire. News of family health, health of friends and summer jaunts. - 1838

611 - 11 July 1838 H[enry] J[ohn] Longsdon at Ingthorpe Grange to William Longsdon at Little Longstone, Bakewell, Derbyshire. `Dear Uncle. Writer's aunt Carolina received this morning a letter from Aunt Eliza informing them of William's arrival in health and safety at Longstone, with account of own visit to Hull and trips by steam packet to York to see York Minster. Journey to Shipton where Mrs Lace waiting for them with close carriage to carry them to Ingthorpe and letter from Anne Longsdon congratulating on safe return; self very much better for travels. - 1838

612 - Henry [John] Longsdon [at Sheffield] to Uncle William at Little Longstone - 5 Oct [1841]

613 - 27 November 1841 H J Longsdon at Collegiate School, Sheffield to Uncle William Longsdon at Longsdon, Bakewell - received letter this morning; great pleasure in getting pair of skates for Charles with half sovereign William sent him. Mr Singleton is going to order some skates for the boys so he will get them somewhat cheaper. Writer will get a pair from him which will be sent by Mr Orr. They have petitioned Queen for an increase of holidays on account of happy event of the prince royal's birth. Not yet received an answer other than very polite letter from Prince Albert's secretary. Looking forward to breaking up. - 1841

614 - 1 December 1843 Charles Longsdon at Churchdale to father [William Longsdon] describing visit to Chatsworth at invitation of Mrs Smithers to see the Queen and her royal consort. Emma drove from Churchdale with Smithers. Charles given lift by Mr Harris and Co who took them to Baslow - road so crowded that Mr Paxton threatened to send the police to back the people into the river. Drove to Edensor where Charles got down and walked up to house and saw Emma and Churchdale family on a platform where he joined them. Waited 1 hours in bitter cold. D of D came first preceeded by cannonade from 21 cannons which continued until Queen reached gates attended by Derby Yeomanry and followed by 3 carriages. Queen not visible - must have leaned back in the carriage. Returned to Mr Paxton's small room by platform to eat cold beef and mutton. Called out to see Queen who was walking arm in arm with Duke and ladies of court at breakneck speed. Royalty would not stop to be looked at. Mr Smithers has just come down in his balldress - tights, white waistcoat and black coat. Mrs Smithers says Mr Moseley's men have been engaged since last Monday in making tights for gentlemen invited to ball. Poor fellows haven't been in bed for several nights. Postscript William's old friend Miss Morewood died on Tuesday. - 1843

615 - 22 April 1844 Anne Longsdon at South Hill House, Bath, to Ann Higinbotham [at Longstone] AL could not see her before AL left home. Hopes in tolerably good health, hopes for her spiritual health. - 1844

616 - 4 May 1844 L Smith at 74 Beaufair Street, Charleston, South Carolina to grand daughter Emma, addressed to WL [Longsdon] opportunity of writing through Mr Gardam to thank Emma for gift of 10 dollars - respects to Mr Longsdon and love to Charles. Emma's brothers also join in love to them both. Write whenever she has an opportunity; affectionate grandmother. - 1844

617 - 7 Sept [1844] H J Longsdon at South Hill House [Bath] to Uncle William thanking him for letter of sympathy - grateful to him and other kind friends. Mr & Mrs Osborne exceedingly kind to writer and great comfort to have Aunt with him - buried mother on Thursday morning - Aunt, Mr and Mrs O, and Mr Spender (the surgeon) and self attended in their coach. Wishes uncle to have remembrance of mother - wishes him to accept ring containing her hair - rings also for self and Mr O and brooch for Mrs O and each of aunts. Thanks for kind offer of assistance in writer's affairs. - [1844]

618-621 - 7 July 1847 - 31 August 1847 Letters for J H Barker of Bakewell to William Longsdon concerning payment by William Longsdon of £400 in part payment of lands purchased from him. Letter of Sheffield & Rotherham Banking Co to W L [Longsdon] acknowledging payment of £400 by Messrs Leach & Co of Liverpool on William's account and has been passed to credit of John Henry Barker. - 1847

622 - 27 August [1847] Sydney Smithers at Scarborough [to William Longsdon] announcing death of daughter [Rose] in early morning, asking him to break news at Churchdale - fear most for poor Madge who went away most unwillingly. Asking Mr Taylor to send to meet train tomorrow at Chesterfield at 6½ pm. Tell Joe to come himself with a Fly at same hour. Wish him to return with body to ensure decorum on the road - and he must also send cart for luggage. Order work room prepared with trestles and boards. They should reach home between 8 and 9 and body of writer's poor child perhaps an hour later. Wishes her to be laid in Longstone church yard. - [1847]

623 - 4 Sept 1847 Sydney Saithers at Churchdale [to William Longsdon] with dear Bella's prayerbook as a token of remembrance. - 1847

624 - 2 January 1848 J H Barker at ........... Lodge. Saying that nothing needs to be done about the abstract [of title to land purchased from him by W Longsdon] until he hears further about the other parcels of land, that the land was conveyed to him (Mr B) some time since and as soon he hears where abstract is to be sent it will be prepared. - 1848

625 - Letter from Charles L Cornish at Littlemore to W Longsdon [Charles former school master] at Little Longstone, Bakewell - 4 March 1848

626 - 10 June 1848 ?MP J B Smith [obviously close friend] at Eccles [Dear Longsdon truly yours] making preparations for move to London. House all sixes and sevens and seeing tiresome job before him wished they were simply settled at Westbourne Terrace. Mrs S brought Minna from Southport on Thursday - not looking so well as expected from her long stay there - thinks probable suffered from heat. Mrs S thinks a bracing atmosphere would suit her better - pleasant and beneficial change to spend a few weeks at Edensor where children would have run of Duke's park. Could the get a couple of bedrooms or a double bedded room or a sitting room for 2 or 3. Present plan - children go to Nottinghamshire for fortnight next week, then they would go to Edensor or spend a week with him first or afterwards as most convenient then go to Leamington to see writer's aunt for a fortnight. Then go to London. When children pay him a visit writer should like to come over, but of this writer cannot at present be certain. They are removing their pictures - there is a Magdalen which he has frequently admired of which writer has acceptance as token of "auld acquaintance" and friendship - will leave it for him either at Mrs Addisons or Gardams'. News of children. - 1848

627-682 - 7 July [1848] Note from Sydney Smithers [to William Longsdon] enclosing letter of 5 July 1848 from William Currey at Old Palace Yard to SS on subject of WL's objection to signing deed - stating that clause to which he (SS) refer on the conveyance from Mr Longsdon to the Duke has nothing whatever to do with the Chancery proceedings between Mr Barker and Mr Harrison to which Mr Barker alone indemnifies Duke. - [1848]

629 - 13 July 1848 [?MP] J B S[mith] at 105 Westbourne Terrace, Hyde Park, London to `Dear Longsdon', writer has removed from lodgings to his own house. Mrs S and children went from Vicar's field to Mrs Holts at Liverpool where children are now but Mrs S came here on Monday to set things straight. Hopes to leave this for Liverpool on 22nd and after that time prepared to visit him whenever convenient. Best way of getting to his house would be to take a chaise on their arrival at Manchester from Liverpool and proceed at once to Longstone - recommended to Mrs S. Desirous of having Dr Gully of Malvern's opinion of Minna and therefore from his house Mrs S and children will proceed to Malvern and probably stay week or two. They must give up Edensor. Writer should like very much to contrive meeting for few days at Longstone and then accompany them to Malvern. Shall endeavour so to arrange matters and have long talk with him. Long speeches in parliament are tiring out all parties. On Monday Lord George Bentinck gave them a speech 4¼ hours long - the pith of the subject might have been given in 15 minutes! William has glorious weather for hay and crops if it be like theirs. Things both political and commercial looking better. No such ferocious insurrection that writer remembers recorded in history as that at Paris. There is only 1 course to pursue with such a set of rascals and that writer is glad to see the Government are at length taking. Expects to see trade slowly but gradually improve and writer hopes they are on the eve of happier times for all classes. The Magdalen was sent to Gardams to William's order. - 1848

630 - 23 November 1848 (Answered 28 November). H J Longsdon at Trinity College, Cambridge, confidential letter to Uncle William Longsdon at Longsdon, Bakewell, Derbyshire. Suppose he is now returned from Manchester. Announcing writer's engagement to Fanny Lace, Mr Lace's eldest daughter, felt attached to her when there two years ago but said nothing until recently. Wrote to her father after writer left Ingthorpe but at first would not allow engagement until Fanny came of age. Relented a few days ago. Hopes Uncle approves. Might have found a richer wife "but generally speaking a woman knows how much she brings into a family and considers herself fully entitled to spend it". One of best managing girls and most useful writer ever saw. Father had a large family and she has had a good deal to do. Her fortune will be about same or rather more than writer's. Writer has no expensive habits and does not doubt to be able to live very comfortably on this and a curacy. Could get a few pupils if he finds it requisite. No idea of getting married until settled in life. Remembers William saying that he thought it tended to a man's happiness to marry tolerably young and in writer's position as being without a home there is more reason he should be engaged than there is for most men. Needs not say that so long beforehand writer should be obliged if William will not mention contents of this letter to anyone. Anxious to hear from William and glad to answer any questions. Comments on minor technical details of recent purchase of Midland [Railway] shares. Enquires if Emma has returned with Father from Manchester - hopes benefited by change - kind regards to her. - 1848

631-632 - 25 November 1848 William Longsdon at Longstone to H J Longsdon. Intelligence in his letter of 23rd - certainly took writer by surprise - congratulations and fervent wishes that measure Henry is committed to may promote future happiness and well being. No doubt Miss Lace worthy of the high opinions he entertains of her and confident he will try to merit return of same sentiments. Writer has always thought of Mr Lace's family with deep respect in consequence of terms in which Henry's late Mother always spoke of them. As for propriety of assuming responsibility of married life so early with limited resources - that must be decided by future events and care with which his arrangements are made. Cannot prepare too soon to lay down rules of self restraint in matters of expense nor to remember that if their joint incomes be spent at the outset of housekeeping that nothing will save them from debt and mortification as charges of a family increase. Few people profit by any experience not their own. Remember that he is young and that time only makes a man acquainted with the world and exhibits to him the absorbing power of self interest. When conflict against sufferings of poverty begin but too common for honour justice mercy and trust itself to be abandoned. None know the miseries or dangers of temptations but those who have been tried. Henry's present position is safe, flattering and presents a pleasing hope for the future. Prays that he will be preserved from more than common troubles which fall to lot of men. Henry to try to think seriously of his profession and to pursue it as his Mother would have delighted to see him do. Postscript Daresay he will find all railway matters right in the end. - 1848

633 - 27 June 1849 Joseph Shipton at Chesterfield to William Longsdon, esq announcing death of Mr Charge last Sunday night. In town yesterday and requested by Mr Currey to inform William that his name has been inserted in Commission of the Peace for the County. Have bespoken a Dedimus for administering to William usual oaths of qualification at approaching Sessions. Usually taken on Tuesday 1st day of Sessions - but if inconvenient to William to attend then may be taken on Wednesday. Commission only sent from London on Monday evening, some delay having occurred by reason of Lord Chancellor's illness. - 1849

634 - Copy letter William Longsdon to William Currey, Palace Yard - 1849

635 - 19 July 1849 J B S[mith] to `Dear Longsdon'. Leaving on Thursday next for Derbyshire and thanks him to acquaint Mrs Bagshaw. Congratulations on new dignity - more judicious choice impossible - will enable William to be useful in his neighbourhood. Saw lying in library of House of Commons yesterday a new publication called "Servis' Acts" a very useful little book for magistrates. Tell writer by return if William has it - if not shall do self pleasure of presenting it to new Magistrate. Children delighted at idea of getting into country again. He and Mrs S[Smith] little less so. Writer has almost made up mind to go to the Peace Congress in Paris on 20 August. Is William inclined to another continental trip? Mama and daughters send love to Uncle Longsdon and Cousin Emma. Will send him their report on Turnpike Trusts. - 1849

636 - 13 October 1849 Printed Circular letter from William Okill, 2 Dale Street, Liverpool, manager for Thomas Hudson, claimant to Dukedom of Devonshire asking for contributions to expenses of legal proceedings. Mr Hudson giving security to repay subscribers £500 for each £100 contributed. Solicitor William Snell of 4 Charlotte Row, Mansion House, London will satisfy them no risk. Claim distinct from that of Mr George Hudson which has been so long before public - said to be inherited through grandmother Lady Mary Garget claimant of property left in trust by 4th Duke for his Duchess and Daughter imprisoned for life as lunatic by Trustees with further specious undated details. - 1849

637 - 26 January 1850 Answered 29 January. H J Longsdon at Trinity College, Cambridge to Uncle William Longsdon, Longstone, Bakewell, Derbyshire. Thanking for letter, writer would he hopes receive by today's post a paper containing the names of the men and also the examination papers. Writer once hoped he might be rather higher but on whole very well satisfied. Only read definitely for Mathematical Honours since October, 12 months. Former part of college life devoted chiefly to Classics. Only 129 out of 172 candidates for honours got through. Thanks William for his mention of writing to Mr Cavendish. Trusts he has already done so as time now very valuable to him and anxious to get some employment speedily. Degree sufficient for good Private Tutorship - testimonials would refer principally to conduct. Writer's place is his testimonial in ability. Would William speak to Mr James about writer again? He said he had made several enquiries. Does not know if he has written to Mr Evans or whether he would object to do so. Very probably he might know some person who wanted to meet with a tutor. Endeavours to avoid any unnecessary expense here. Writer hopes not long before he meets with some employment. Standard increasing every year and to judge from number of men sent down this year, writer would say it has been considerably raised since last January. Thanks him for kind mention of writer's affairs. Never appealed to him for pecuniary assistance, trust it in his power to aid writer now by influence by getting start in world - and for such aid shall be grateful. Of course writer will consider his communications confidential. Glad to receive tithes either by registered letter or cheque payable either on a London banker or on Messrs Fisher and Co in Cambridge. Ceremony of conferring degrees took place today - they knelt before Vice Chancellor, kissed Bible in testimony of being true subjects and churchmen and now writer goes about in all glory of a Bachelor's gown. Hopes Emma has enjoyed herself at Liverpool. - 1850

638 - 4 February 1850 Answered 6 February. Joseph Paxton at Chatsworth to [William Longsdon]. Received letter from Mr Harrison about William being proposed as a Director to which replied on Saturday thought none better could be found. Sent Harrison's letter to their Chairman, Mr Ellis with same expressions. Rest assured would give writer more than ordinary pleasure to see William elected member of the Midland Board, and would be great relief to writer to have William to consult with Mr Wigley's statement not by any means correct but is sufficiently so to show them in a very bad position. Should like to see William when could more fully go into all matters relating to Company's affairs - no bed of roses now to be a Director. Went on Board little more than 12 months since, and should not have least objection to being relieved of post. Since July last they have worked most zealously to make up the past bad management - but writer finds stumbling blocks at every corner. Long time before ship is righted. Their concerns are now on too large a scale. No Director unless he spends whole time at the concern can make himself anything like acquainted with so extensive and so intricate an establishment. Will explain to him fully his views on the future some day soon. They have committee meeting tomorrow and a Director's meeting on Wednesday. Will contrive on Thursday to have some time fixed for them to meet and talk over matters. In meantime most satisfied writer should have greatest pleasure in having him for a colleague. - 1850

639 - 5 February [1850] G H Cavendish, House of Commons to [William Longsdon. Shall be glad if can be of any use to his nephew. Seldom have opportunity of recommending a tutor to anybody - once or twice made enquires about a private tutor when referred to on matter, but find generally that gentlemen in search of a tutor for their sons go to somebody of whom have some personal acquaintance. Sometimes have an opportunity and if one occurs shall remember his letter. The senior optime's being only the Mathematical degree writer believes he should have to enquire what Classical degree his nephew took. Many men only going up for Mathematical honours to entitle them to go up afterwards for Classical honours as when writer was at Cambridge. So devoted was the University to Mathematics that no man could go up for Classical honours unless he had got a senior optime in Mathematics. But that absurd rule is very likely done away with now. One hardly knows yet what course things will take in the present session. Think Colonial question is likely to assume very important shape in present session. They shall hear what Lord John [Russell] says on Friday and Sir W Molesworth brings forward his resolutions on this day week. Have been numerous questions asked about settlement and rating to the poor and there shall be a stir on that subject, and writer hopes justice will be done to the land. Indeed writer does not see how it can be refused. If they can only hit on a way of doing it without taking away local superintendence. As far as a return to Protection writer looks upon that question as settled and thinks many of Protectionists may be satisfied that best that could happen under circumstance - that now landlord and farmer all know they must look only to themselves. - [1850]

640 - 15 August 1850 Memorandum made for `dear Katherine". Should like papa to have her riding whip that he gave her when they thought of a long separation and "The Lord is My Shepherd". Dear Mama must have her watch and chain and wear them always for her sake and she must wear her mourning ring that she has worn. Dear little Lizzie of course must have her seal ring. Dear ........... must wear for her sake the inlaid brooch Mama gave her. The first piece of worsted work writer ever did must be given to dear Uncle as a remembrance of Rosie and writer of how they both loved him. The pattern was chose and the material collected by her and writer worked it that winter after her death. If writer does not get better to make him a pen wiper like the one Harriet Kirkby gave her he must have that. Endorsed: Katherine Smither's note. - 1850

641 - Copy letter William Longsdon at Longstone to Joseph Paxton esq explaining matter and writer will leave at liberty to mention to Duke or not as he judges right. Shall be glad if he can do it with propriety. Nephew Henry John Longsdon, only child of his oldest brother who formerly lived at Longstone has entered Church and now engaged as curate to Revd Mr Blyth of Deepdale Rectory near Lynn in Norfolk and is also tutor to Mr B's sons. Henry took rank at College as a "Senior Optime" and now judging by Mr Blyth's treatment stands well in that gentleman's esteem. Theological views, writer believes, incline to the Evangelical Party of Church - thinks he has sense enough to maintain temperate and proper course in his religious teaching. His age is 25 and he is engaged to be married to a daughter of Mr Lace of Ingthorpe Grange who is nephew to late Revd Mr Carr of Bolton Abbey. Henry informs writer that the living of Bolton Abbey is vacant or likely to be so and like many others no doubt would like to be appointed to it. He has written to writer to solicit for him which he does with pleasure having confidence in his fitness, character and talents. Writer is not sufficiently known to the Duke to write personally and have not any established ground on which to ask for his favour - further than what springs from neighbourhood and long habitual respect due to his worth and rank. 26 March 1851 - 1851

642 - 7 May 1851 Bell Secretary's Office, Midland Ry, Derby, to William Longsdon informing him today elected a Director of this Company. - 1851

643 - 27 January 1852 Joseph Paxton at Chatsworth to William Longsdon - have shown letter and inclosure to Mr Barlow and appointed next Monday morning to look again at the sidings at Derby - bothering subject - outlay being so large for accommodation at Derby. - 1852

644 - 5 June 1852 P H Morewood (? George's widow) at Stoke to [William Longsdon] referring to long silence of both - surprised not to hear of Thornbridge when William wrote from Longsdon - probably Morewoods have left it - meant to write to him in April but at loss where to direct, and ill in May. Sorry to hear of his sister's family being so delicate, writer's daughter Jane has but one babe left, her 2 fine boys carried off by scarlet fever at one stroke. Here with daughter Agnes one of the twins - only one left. Husband died of cholera in Leeds a month before they were born - must have told him of this - 4 years ago. Came to Stoke in haste a month ago hearing writer was so ill to help nurse her. Very much better, gaining strength daily. Trust trial will be a blessing; Christian meditation on affliction. Sorry cousins at Bowden not in good health. Son George now with them - has been very poorly. Visited friend in Bolton at Christmas, they had one of Mrs Grafton Wilkes daughter's with them so writer went with her as she would return to Crewe with writer. Writer cannot do with the bustle of railway travel alone and Elizabeth and self cannot leave together. Writer has not been in Bolton since the time she met William at Manchester when she made a long stay. Mrs Grafton Wilks, writer believes, now in England, was to join her daughter in May or June. Betsey came for her health and is very nice girl, now writer hopes quite well again. Other 2 are married and have families. Daughters and G beg to join writer in kind regards. - 1852

645 - 5 January 1852 Emma J Longsdon at Longstone to Aunt [E Longsdon]. First letter in New Year - may it be blessed one to her and relatives she is visiting. News of local health and local visiting. Neighbour asking about Henry's wedding asked if bride was pretty so told him she had black hair and eyes and red cheeks and it seemed quite to satisfy their idea of beauty. Wedding very quiet. 26 at Breakfast, mainly family. Bride's uncle Mr Croft performed ceremony at Village Church of Martin rather more than 1 mile from Ingmanthorpe, 4 bridesmaids including writer and 4 groomsmen including E Smithers. Bride and bridegroom left at 1 o'clock for Manchester. They all spent rest of day cheerfully and writer's father and self left next day and got home in evening. Henry and wife visiting relatives in Clifton and Bath and leave England on 14th. Hopes that should they return to England in health Henry fortunate enough to obtain a curacy. So unsettled and uncertain a position would materially interfere with her enjoyment were writer on such a expedition. Flock of children at Ingmanthorpe - younger portion nearly of an age and a size. Mr Tomes here to welcome them - now in Birmingham. Hope to see him towards end of week. News of neighbourhood health. Last letter from Charles good account of self - rather more prosperous year with crops. Yesterday his 23rd birthday. No news of their Buxton relations. 2 met Christmas at Thornbridge - Mr and Mrs Morewood both being unwell from cold and Mr and Mrs J McConnel and Mr and Mrs Perrin only additions to their family except little Agnes. Father's love to her and Miss Gardam. - 1852

646 - C J Longsdon at Longstone to Aunt [E Longsdon] - 25 Feb 1853

647 - 13 April 1853 By mail steamer from Liverpool. Received 30 April. F J & Sons. 3rd letter. EL [Longsdon] to WL [Longsdon] as above - 13 Apr 1853

648 - C/o Messrs Francis Thomas & Sons, New York. No 4. Emma Longsdon at Longston to dearest father - 21 Apr [1853]

649 - 5. EL Longsdon to WL Longsdon - Messrs F T & Sons, New York - 28 Apr 1853

650 - Francis Tomes Dalmally (?) to William Longsdon, F T & S, New York - 1 May 1853

651 - 5 and 6 May 1853 (Received 19 Aug) by Africa to New York. 6. EL [Longsdon] to William Longsdon. Another welcome letter on Tuesday and very glad he continued well. Good of him to write so late at night when longing for rest - very strange of Charles not to send him particulars of how he found things on reaching home - is certainly too easy but nothing further from his mind than to grieve him in any way. Always a fault in Charles' writing that not explicit enough. Lizzie still here. Daily chronicle and local news. Gave William message about lambs - he considers he has had good luck having only lost two which were born dead - now 28 - good average 1 1/3 per ewe. Went to Chapel Fair on Tuesday and bought 10 cows for £90.10s but could not get any at Chesterfield. Does not know how to get enough beasts for not to be found and few he can see are too dear. ½ dozen farms near haven't been able to buy. Randal walling gaps, mixing bones (a most offensive operation), taking care of William's charge, 2 days sowing mangel and rolling. Matthew harrowing, mixing bones, loading manure, rolling and at Chesterfield one day with William. - 1853

652 - 20 May 1853 Around 31 May. By mail steamer from Liverpool. EL Longsdon to W Longsdon. No nice letter; made her think a good deal of his wandering life. Letter from Charles on Monday - been at home 3 weeks but interrupted from writing by sickness. Seemed anxious about William's coming but would be rather pleased at delay of week or two giving him little more time to get on with work. Loves to hear from William after he has been to see him for will be able to tell writer exactly how place looks and whether Charles seems as though he would get on. Few lines from Hankey to acknowledge little garments for his children. Note yesterday from Miss Addison - brother thrown out of conveyance and killed. She was in London rendering all assistance in her power. 7 children, 3 very young. Eldest son intends to try and carry on father's business, a machines worker but Miss A sure he will not be able to maintain family. Raising all interest she can to get some of younger ones placed in some of London institutions - wondered if writer knew anyone here who had interest - but didn't - she felt very much loss of William's advice. Other deaths - when Lizzie Harrison got home she found papa had fallen down and broken left arm and wrist and hurt leg very badly. 2 months before can go from home - was about to start for home. Lizzie still looks for George this month - hopes she won't be disappointed. Aunt Longsdon writing to Charles to be enclosed in writer's letter - seems to enjoy country but does not go out much. Sends love to William (local news and daily chronicle). Old William remarkably agreeable news - bought 7 cows at Tideswell Fair for £68.15s - still short of 4. Nothing at Bakewell on Monday. Ewe ill in winter with gathering in her throat dead from same cause. Randal took care of cattle 1 day and worked in garden - around grass plots, digging in Shacklow, loading manure. Mathew ploughing and sowing lints, harrowing, loading, manure and 1 day at his club. Drawing room getting on nicely. Irving varnished maple paint yesterday which is very delicate and pretty. Today putting last coat on ceiling and on Monday will enamel moulding. Paper will seem nothing after paint. - 1853

653 - E Longsdon to William Longsdon by mail steamer from Liverpool. 8. - 27 May 1853

654 - J B S, London to William Longsdon, tell him for his government whether it would be worth William's notice to go to Canada for a year for £2,000 on railway business. Wishes to have his sentiments before writer moots such a point, William may depend on his discretion. Let him hear by return. - 16 Mar 1854

655 - Arranged with William Longsdon esq gentlemen Director for last 3 years of Midland Railway Co, who has in last 20 years spent much time in America and is intimately acquainted with Railway system of US. Proceed to Canada to examine personally and report. Mr Longsdon shall take his seat at Board in Canada as a Director and remain there 12 months if necessary where his advice and practical Railway experience of utmost assistance to present management. English shareholders asked to sign proxy in favour of William Longsdon and President of Company on or before Saturday 6 May. 3. Mr Longsdon will understand it is wished he should work as far as possible in harmony with Directors; appointment not originating in hostile feeling or any lack of confidence injudicious administration of President Mr Harris, zealous and indefatigable, Managing Director Mr Brydges and rest of board but from feeling that to preserve harmony between Board of Directors sitting in Canada and body of shareholders in England agree proxies must necessarily in last resort decide all matters of importance essential to establish machinery for more close and frequent communications than hitherto existed. 4. In same spirit Mr Longsdon is despatched to Canada not to interfere or overrule - but in belief that they will welcome assistance of gentleman of much Railway experience at period when so much labour devolves on them in winding up accounts for construction of line and organising management. 5. With this in view William Longsdon will be elected as director at ensuing meeting to take his seat on the board. 6. Committee think it better not to fetter writer's judgement by any detailed instructions - already sufficiently aware of general line of policy which is wish of English shareholders. 7. With these general instructions William Longsdon will exercise his own judgement as a Director taking care to communicate fully and frequently with Committee on all matters of importance. Signed on behalf of Cttee Samuel Laing Chairman Attested by Brackstone Baker

655 - WL[Longsdon]'s manuscript notes from resolutions adopted at meeting of Great Western shareholders held at London Tavern, 6 April 1854. S Laing Chairman. Necessary to discourage unnecessary and premature competition, purchases and amalgamation of subsidiary lines and construction of unprofitable branches until success of main track are fully secured. Policy of English shareholders not to aim at oppressive monopoly but co-operate with local interests in carrying out comprehensive well considered system of railways in connection with main lines for supply of all legitimate wants of district. That question of Erie and Ontario purchases proceeding with Sawnia and other branches be referred to a committee before proxies of English shareholders are given and Directors in Canada in meantime requested to postpone any step committing company for expenditure not strictly confined to present main line. Committee 7 members included 3 Members of Parliament. S Laing, J B Smith, and J Baird. Committee appointed issued following circular to Great Western shareholders in England. Considering questions affecting interests of Great Western Railway of Canada arising out of prosposed purchases of Erie and Ontario Railway, construction of Sawnia and other branches, closing of capital account and measure for developing traffic, expediency of alliance with Grand Trunk Railway Co. and relations with different American Railroad Companies connected with Great Western. Committee needs more ample information.

656 - Great Western Railway of Canada. Office, 29 Austin Friars, Great Western Railway of Canada. Circular to shareholders. Report of Committee appointed at General Meeting - reciting questions affecting interest of and despatch of William, request for proxies with summary account of weekly returns 1st quarter 1854. - 1 May 1854

657 - 5 May 1854 H Robson at Halifax to Samuel Laing Esq, 29 Austin Friars, London. Saying that on 24 March last sent proxy in duplicate in favour of Mr R W Harris of failing him Mr Brydges. Writer cannot consistently send a second without cancelling or revoking first and no mention is made of it in his circular received this morning. - 1854

658 - Peter Buchanan; Great Western Railway Canada, 29 Austin Friars, London to William Longsdon, Bakewell, Derbyshire, with extract from minutes of 1 May 1854 of Committee of shareholders app. at general meeting in London on 6 April 1854. - 8 May 1854

659 - LSP, 8 May 1854 (in the hand of William Longsdon). It would be well to suspend opinions or judgement on everything and everybody and hear all. Looks to WL [Longsdon] to unravel truth. Thinks may be some truth in charges against ..................... Has done all sorts of things without consulting anyone or informing English shareholders - such as opposing Grand T[runk] purchasing Erie and Ontario, commencing Sawnia branch, building steamers, incurring great liabilities for rolling stock. Is it true that Erie and Ontario purchase was studiously concealed? Then something is radically wrong. [last paragraph annotated: to see for minutes of proceedings]. Have association directors been consulted on all things board should know? American dividends can only be paid by following American system. Is it not desirable to appoint one good common Superintendent for Traffic and Locomotive business confining Mr B's attentions to indoor business? Writer has been engaged in negotiations for various contracts and agencies for raising capital for Railways in America and some of them in Great Western district - This had perfect right to do whilst unconnected with Great Western Line but having taken a responsible position, writer has written out to stop all negotiations in question. He is concerned so that he may have no interest inconsistent with duty. On any questions affecting new lines or branches, William Longsdon, while offering independent advice to keep in mind that English shareholders have decided wish to abstain from all new branches or extensions for present, if to be done without serious danger from competition. Will probably find Sir C C R. desirous of maintaining a good understanding with Great Western. co. which may facilitate settlement of existing questions. - 1854

660 - BVP. 8 May 1854 (In WL's hand). Intention of mission, not to supersede present management. Committee have utmost confidence in president and majority of board esp. in exertions of managing director. Mr Longsdon's mission not to be considered antagonistic in principle to present direction but rather to assist with advice and offer suggestions. Committee look to Mr L [Longsdon] for reports on state of every department and as to line of Policy which circumstances may induce him to recommend, on such other matters as absorbing nature of Mr Brydges' occupation may preclude him from supplying. 1. To advise in concert with Board if present or prospective traffic local or main line appears to require a double track in all or part of any extension of station accommodation; expense of same and probable results. 2. If through traffic or requirements of district justify a southern line parallel with Great Western and if so which direction should be adopted and probable cost and traffic thereon. 3. If construction of Sawnia and London branch should be immediately undertaken, whether Sawnia is or likely to be good shipping port. Whether probable eastern traffic from Sawnia would depend on Railway opposite in state of Michigan (Port Huron) or would be derived from coast of Lake Huron. 4. As to progress of works on Hamilton and Toronto line and if lease with that competitor is fairly carried out and the line worked to greatest advantages. 5. To enquire as to Ontario and Erie line - whether likely to be advantageous to Great Western Co. either to purchase it or as feeder if independent and how far injurious if worked by another company. Whether it has power to carry a line to any and what part of Lake Erie. Whether desirous or profitable to establish steamer on Lake Ontario in connection with Great Western. Co. and if so to what port. [last question marked and ticked]. 6. As to advancement of works on sections of works on Grand Trunk, and on established branch of Woodstock and Lake Erie line. 7. If Buffalo, Brantford, Goderick Ry likely to affect interest of Great Western Railway. How far likely to attract any of traffic properly devolving on Great Western Railway going eastwards or the American through traffic via Buffalo and Paris. Is Goderick a good Port & likely to attract shipping? What is present traffic between Buffalo and Paris? What progress have works made towards Stratford and Goderick? 8. To obtain reliable reports on ultimate cost of main line of Great Western Railway when completed and to what extent it can be efficiently worked (for some time to come) without expending any considerable sums of money on it. 9. Enquire into and advise on arrangements to be concluded between Great Western Railway and New York Central and Erie and New York on one hand on Michigan Central and Michigan Southern and Indiana lines for fair and reciprocal exchange of traffic upon mutual terms. 10. Enquire into sufficiency and efficiency of rolling stock both locomotives, passenger and freight and on any modification to two latter descriptions of cars he may recommend, and upon comparative efficiency of English and American engines. 11. Examine generally on efficiency of the arrangement for reception and despatch of freight at stations and on any other detail of traffic requirements. 12. Advise on efficiency of various subordinate offices of company. Promote a clear definition of duties of each. Advise on establishment of proper books of account to various departments, and for periodical transmission of information thereon to London agency. Provision must be made for making up of account half yearly - 30 June and 31 December and for declaration of a dividend in August and February. Yearly meetings to be held in August instead of June as provided by Act. 13. Consult on any modifications requisite to be introduced into any future Act for internal Government of Great Western Railway. 14. Examine subject of cheap transportation of immigrants from Quebec or US westward and suggest any provisions to be made to develop profitability of this traffic. 15. Examine into any additional wharfage accommodation requisite at Windsor, also at Hamilton, on progress of suspension bridge at Elgin. 16. Examine and advise directors upon the actions at law promoted against Company on any grounds. - 1854

661 - Committee instructions to WL [Longsdon] received 10 May 1854. [WL's hand). 1. Immediate object to report on E & O purchase so as to enable Committee to advise English shareholders how to use proxies. 2. Wider scope - appointment of Committee contemplates general and continuous supervision of all important matters affecting company's interests with view to guiding English shareholders who hold large majority of stock in exercise of proxies. Mr Longsdon goes out to represent Committee and perform same function as they would do themselves if possible for them to proceed personally on otherside Atlantic.

662 - Second half letter JB S[mith] to W Longsdon - May 1852

663-4 - Received 21 July via steamer via New York, S Laing, London to W Longsdon esq, Hamilton, Canada West. Writer just returned from Belgium and only just received his letter of 8th - 30 Jun 1854

665 - 7 July 1854 Letter William Longsdon, Hamilton to C J Brydges, Managing Director, requesting him to refer to instructions to William Longsdon by London Committee of Great Western shareholders and also to Circular issued by Committee and that then he will give order that writer can have access to all official correspondence of Company, also all documents and reports of whatever kind that may come in or go out of offices. If Brydges feels any in impropriety in this the writer must of necessity refer to Board. But while writer is there specially representing the English shareholders and taking a salary for doing so, whilst writer is acting as Chairman of Finance Committee and Vice President of the Company to be told by a Secretary that he cannot let writer see the letters "without permission" is what writer cannot consent to. Writer sends this note in the present form so that no misunderstanding may exist - for he does not want to increase either Brydges' trouble or his own. Endorsed: Not delivered but given him to read 7 November having before told him the object and contents of it. - 1854

666 - Printed report of Committee appointed [etc] - 11 Jul 1854

667-668 - Numbers not used

669 - S Laing at London, Brighton and South Coast Railway London Terminus to W Longsdon. G Ware of Canada Railway, Hamilton, Canada West By Steam via York - (Private) - 28 Jul 1854

670 - Statement of William Scott, late Western Division Engineer of Great Western Railway to Shareholders and Public of North American relative to the mode of his services being dispensed with by the Board of the Company. [23 pp quarto]. Detroit, printed by Geor E Pomeroy & Co, Tribune Office, 1854 and in form of letter dated from Windsor 10 August 1854. Sacked for purchasing a property, gravel hills, which would have saved them 10000 dollars - without hearing writer although he was present all day in Hamilton on 18 July. Personal copy sent to W Longsdon Via President of Great Western Railway - with manuscript comment `I only ask justice which I believe you were sent from England to administer'. pamphlet aimed at C J Brydges' delays and claimed double dealings with printed exchange of correspondence and English testimonials.

671 - Extract from Minutes of Board of Directors of Midland Railway Company held at Derby, Wednesday, 6 Sept 1854

672 - 6 Sept 1854 Covering letter for above from John Ellis in warm and appreciative terms. - 1854

673 - S Laing at London. Brighton and South Coast London Terminus to William Longsdon introducing Mr Searth, Scottish gentleman of great intelligence who is visiting Canada and U S - to give assistance or information or introduction to Mr Harris and any other influential party in Canada or U S. - 25 Sep 1854

674 - 4 October 1854 William Pidcock [William Longsdon's stockman] at Longstone, written by his wife, Sarah Pidcock to `My Dear Master Longsdon' reporting on welfare of Longsdon's cattle and sheep, thinks Turnips some 3 weeks too late - very small indeed. Pastures very bad all summer and they have very little editch [aftermath] and have been very badly off for water and is at present end. They have a good crop of corn. Afraid cabbage will not be good. With note to Miss Longsdon to give their kind regards to their dear Master, Mr Charles and they are overjoyed to hear from them. So kind of Mr Charles to drop a few lines and very glad to hear of their welfare and shall be very glad to hear of their dear Master's return soon. - forwarded `just as it is' by Miss Longsdon. - 1854

675 - Copy telegraph and letter on Great Western Railway letterhead - name of Company stuck out and only `Hamilton, Canada West' left. By telegraph from Chatham to Mayor of City of Hamilton - 27 Oct 1854

676 - S Laing at London, Brighton and South Coast Railway London Terminus to William Longsdon - 27 Nov 1854

677 - Copy letter J W Perkins, President pro tem, Illinois Central Railroad Co Office, New York to William Longsdon - 1854-1855

678 - S Laing at London, Brighton and South Coast, London Terminus - 26 Dec 1854

679 - Laing to William Longsdon - 8 Feb 1855

680 - H J Longsdon at Seacroft, Leeds, to Uncle William Longsdon - 21 Apr 1855

681 - 20 November 1855 - H J L, Seacroft to Uncle [William Longsdon] thanking for letter and £5 bank note and enclosing copy correspondence with Mr Cornish, vicar of Bakewell and with Bishop of Lichfield of Oct 1854 - 24 Oct 1855 on H J Longsdon seeking living of Longstone and Bishop's reasons for naming to Mr Cornish on request a suitable curate for living drawn from the diocese. - 20 Nov 1855

682 - 15 July [1856] E[lizabeth] Smithers at Buxton to dearest Aunt [? E Longsdon] about her father's [SS] death. - [1856]

683 - 14 October 1856 H J Longsdon at Seacroft, Leeds, to Uncle William Longsdon obliged for kind promise to come to tea party - glad of opportunity of meeting friends at wedding [? wedding of child of Mr and Mrs James Longsdon]. - 1856

684 - M Horsley at Watcomber near Torquay ? to William Longsdon - 11 Jan 1857

685 - 6 July 1857 H J Longsdon at Seacroft, Leeds to William Longsdon. Thanks for delightful visit - looked through deeds and have everything necessary to give him a complete title. [deeds recited] Fanny has no objection to sale of the cottages. - 1857

686 - John Taylor at Bakewell to William Longsdon on title involving Stuart Eyre & Wager. 19 January 1853 - 1853

687 - 31 December 1858 R W Parker of Chesterfield to William Longsdon with rough statement of his property as entered in Tithe Apportionment. - 1858

688 - 30 July 1859 E Smithers, Bakewell, to William Longsdon promising to give him option of re-purchasing property [The Hollow or Grotto Cottage] at price William sold it to him.

689 - Emma J Longsdon to Aunt - [1860]

690 - 24 February 1860 H J Longsdon at Seacroft, Leeds to `dear Aunt' on loss of child [James] from diphtheria. Other children well. Little Harry well and lively but backward in talking - will not try at all. - 1860

691 - 29 May 1863 William Woodcock, Manchester to William Longsdon about illness of Mr Shuttleworth. - 1863

692 - 29 March 1871 Lord G Cavendish, House of Commons to William Longsdon. Obliged for letter and inclosure. Government proposal on Local Taxation expected Tuesday next - premature to enter into a discussion. Shall direct copy of bill to be sent to him. Turnpike roads keep falling in chairman of Committee to which about 120 Trusts have been referred, greater portion out of debt and some near out of debt. Even if H. of C. more conservative than it is, plain that Turnpike as a system doomed - but some exceptional cases will have to be kept up - such as great traffic between two manufacturing towns where repairs of disturnpiked road would be thrown on intervening agricultural parishes. If Highways Act made compulsory Magistrates in QS should be given more power to revise list of Highways including those which have been turnpike roads and list those which should be repaired by district and those where traffic of through nature should be repaired out of common fund of whole country and thirdly those where because of exceptional circumstances a toll should be levied. How and what property should be liable to highway rate another question. - 1871

693 - 22 April 1871 Lord George Cavendish, 3 Upper Eccleston Street to William Longsdon. Afraid Government have introduced 3 measures which will cause dissatisfaction - Local Taxation, Licensing Bills and Budget. Neither Local Tax or Licensing can pass in present forms - Budget bad enough at once doubling legacy and succession duties imposts which fall on them when from distress of mind and change of circumstance least able to encounter, and when generally have to pay a big bill to their lawyer. Struck writer as worse that Mr Lowe should talk of there being no tax on Agricultural Horses as an "exemption" in favour of land and that this should have been cheered by the "below the Gangway" gentlemen. Writer wonders how the Manufacturers would like to have their 100 horse power steam engines taxed and yet one as Longsdon says just as much machinery as other. If Tories had any agriculturalists left among them in the House of Commons, writer is not sure that any 3 such measures would have been fatal to the Government. Mr Goschen's Local Taxation Bill seems to unsettle everything and settle nothing - for shirks most difficult question of all which occupied two committees for 2 or 3 years - on what principle should rating of metalliferous mines be and leaves it to be settled by Parochial Assessment Committee where it will be a fertile cause of dispute. Very doubtful whether division of rates between owner and occupier will be any advantage to latter - in most cases probably lead to revision of rents and will be great difficulty in representing owners at their Boards of Guardians and it would hardly do to leave spending of rates chiefly in the hands of those who only contributed half. Writer does not go quite so far as him about rating personal property as sees great difficulties in it - and would inevitably lead to equalisation of Probate and Legacy duties and breaking up large landed estates. Still might be quite fair to go fully into questions and dissipate any doubts now existing in reference to exemption enjoyed by either class of property, both parties claim that exemptions enjoyed by other outweigh theirs. Writer believes if succession duty fell as heavily on land as legacy duty on personal property no landed estate could survive in its integrity for 3 generations. - 1871

694 - 11 May 1871 Duke of Devonshire at Devonshire House, Picadilly W, to William Longsdon thanking him for copy of remarks on Local Taxation. Sorry Mr Goschen's bill been withdrawn; would have given badly needed opportunity of discussing subject in all its bearings. Good deal to be said on both sides so far as poor rate proper is concerned. Hardship on real property much greater in case of some of other rates. - 1871

695 - 9 February 1872 Lord G H Cavendish, 3 Upper Eccleston Street, SW [to William Longsdon]. Son forwarded letter to writer. Told Mr Barber that not at last Petty Sessions but understood Longsdon and Nesfield both strongly opposed to paying Magistrates' Clerks by salaries. Self no strong opinion. If there may be objections in principle to present system writer told Mr Barber they do not come home to them as they have a most painstaking and trust worthy clerk, if as seems possible, table of fees revised and such fees as swearing in constables knocked off there might be a loss to County. If as seems fair salaries of present clerks should be fixed on basis of average receipts for last 5 or 7 years. If fees remain same does not see what public will gain. However in these days must live and learn and writer is open to conviction. - 1872

696 - 29 June 1872 G H Cavendish at (as above) to [William Longsdon]. Obliged by his letter; Duke and writer quite agree with Longsdon that they should keep quite clear from any interference with question of second candidate. Hopes to be in Ashford in 2 or 3 weeks time. Told that Sir WJ's son more likely to be candidate for Coventry that DD [Duke of Devonshire?] - believed to be case at headquarter but Sir W may wish to have 2 strings to bow. - 1872

697 - 12 July 1872 G H Cavendish at 3 Upper Eccleston Street, London to William Longsdon. Many thanks for his kind letter. Writer dares say he shall settle down after a bit. Writer was looking over some old letters a few days ago and found one from William Longsdon written when W Thornhill and W Evans were contesting seat and William predicted very much what would be future consequence to Liberal party. Most of few Liberal English County members they had left had an interview with Gladstone yesterday to urge him to make some statements in House of Commons before the Recess that Government will tackle the Local Taxation question next session. Gladstone thought it a reasonable request and added that taking it in all its various aspects it was perhaps one of the largest questions House could have to deal with. Indeed when one thinks how it enters into almost every subject - management of roads, rating of mines, timber, etc exemption of personal property and on other hand freedom of land from Probate duty and comparative lightness of succession duty together with question of new rates such as for education and sanitary purposes - a question of incidence of taxation on owner or occupier or whether it should be divided between them - will last them one or two sessions. People have 100 opinions and crochets about question. - 1872

698 - T W Evans, Allestree Hall, Derby to William Longsdon. Received letter of 10 of this month, much gratified by flattering request of Central Committee of North Derbyshire Liberal Registration Society. Greatly regret unable to give positive answer until know what expedient to do in South Derbyshire. Electors there returned writer 3 times and feel bound to consult their interests and in certain degree their wishes. Deputation mentioned in William's letter would probably wish to defer their kind invitation. In any case ought not to receive Deputation because Shrievalty still unexpired and during office bound to abstain from electioneering and anything that looks like it. Can however answer question about Education Act: approves of the act in general and thinks it is doing people good in the country. Writer thinks a man who cannot pay for his children's education should nevertheless have a voice in selection of school to which to be sent. Thinks principle of 25th clause just and deserving fair trial. 12 July 1872 - 1872

699 - 15 July 1872 Copy letter William Longsdon, Longstone to [T W Evans] thanking him for letter of 12th. Before commenting reply to Central Committee would he excuse suggestion whether not better simply to omit remarks on Education Act that all discussion may be reserved until Evans can have interview with Deputation at expiry of Shrievalty. When Evans replies please say when his office of Sheriff terminates. Writer has no opportunity of consulting any except Mr F Barker. Mr John Taylor, their secretary - cognisant and approves of what Longsdon now writes. - 1872

700 - 19 July 1872 T W Evans at Allestree Hall, Derby (private) to William Longsdon. Many thanks. Afraid section 25 will give great trouble writer could not vote for its repeal unless something could be substituted enabling poor men who cannot pay for the education of their children to have some voice in selecting schools to which they are sent. Compulsory education very strong measure though right and that wishes of parents should be complied with as far as possible. More inclined to consider parent than ratepayer. Writer has omitted subject altogether in other letter. Writer will be Sheriff until first week in February 1872 (sic), could not properly receive political deputation while Sheriff. - 1872

701 - T W Evans, Allestree Hall. Just returned from North Wales. Writer has received his letter for which accept sincere thanks. Very much obliged for it and for his advice on writer's answer or rather absence of answer respecting the 25th clause which he thinks very good. - 16 Aug 1872

702 - 22 August 1872 Agnes Barker [rather young lady] at Ashford to William Longsdon saying that her father is sending off from Manchester tomorrow a drawing which she painted for him with news of friends and her school girl sister. - 1872

703 - Margaret McConnel (a child) thanking William Longsdon for his kind regards and that mat and the posies now planted near the Library window "when I am a lady I will send you a kiss". No date.

704-710 - I McConnel at Cressbrook, Bakewell, and N Horsley of Willesley Cranbrook to W Longsdon and W Longsdon to Editor of the Art Journal 20 August 1872 concerning the publication of a letter by Horsley to William Longsdon.

711 - 5 September 1873 Copy or opening of letter by W Longsdon, Longstone 5 September 1873 to [J B Smith] - `Dear John'. Writer delighted that he is well again and regretting that writer cannot accept his kind invitation to Kings Ride again; cannot do so without subjecting friends to much disagreeable trouble and incurring for self risks of a painful and serious nature. Few things give more pleasure than talk with him, remarking on immense changes social, moral and political in world since they began to feel themselves interested in its affairs. Still greater changes will probably occur in next 50 years and meditating on moral principles, question of future existence, and question of compensation for inequalities of conditions and intellect. - 1873

712 - 31 July 1874 N Horsley at 1 High Row, Kensington W. Writer's elder sons Walter and Victor going with friend's son Hardy the painter to Bakewell to stay for a fortnight at Sherratts where Frank Barker has taken lodgings for them. If he is well enough will call on him. If he cares to see them, write one line to W C Horsley at Mrs Sherratts. Hopes to look in on him this autumn. Frank Barker lunched the other day and gave news of old Bakewell friends. Hope weather doing Longsdon good. Walter and friend are artists. Victor is to be a surgeon. - 1874

713 - 3 August 1874 John W Longsdon at Sutton on the Forest, Easingwold, to great uncle William Longsdon. Willie and writer had pleasant journey from London - got to Strensall about 8.30 where Papa met them as they had a walk of 4½ miles and did not know the way - part of walk along a very sandy lane and sank down in sand so much it made bad walking. House rather large and old fashioned - several uninhabited rooms, little furniture, cupboards about passages and steps all about house. Church supposed to be 500 years old. Some of pews square and very awkward. Pulpit and reading desk in pew in centre church. Pew for churchwardens on west wall so they can overlook whole church. Wood part is crumbling away. Pleasant garden with croquet ground. Village straggling; great shortage of water though houses look very clean. Drinking water not nice. Very funny place altogether but thinks they shall get on very well for a month. Teddie is going to Windermere Grammar School so he is working a little now. - 1874

714 - 16 September 1874 William Longsdon at Longstone to Walter Ferguson on death of his father. Unexpected; deep grief. First knew as a boy or youth in 1815 as also his excellent Mother. Did business with the firm of Ogden, Day and Co when first established and then with Ogden, Ferguson and Co from which period writer's intimacy with and attachment to father increased. Deep sympathy to brothers and sisters. Own health of late placed life in serious danger from large discharge of blood from stomach. Kept writer 20 days in bed and sill confines him to diet of a little milk and beef tea or simple broth. Rather better again. Remembrances to his brothers and sisters, uncles and aunt Sarah Ferguson. Glad to hear from him if business duties allow time for a few lines. - 1874

715 - Letter from Edward Smithers at Longston to William Longsdon thinking him for letter about farm held by Longsdon under Duke. Thinks arrangement he names perfectly straight forward and satisfactory. Hopes Mr Cottingham will not put too much on building in Bath Close. Much obliged for other memoranda on land and hints therein. - 3 Oct 1874

715a - Fragment. Part of letter "to England myself" mentioning Mrs Maine ? formerly Miss Emily, and mentioning Australia.

716 - August [?c 1840] Henry Crofts at Keswick to his niece Fanny [Lace] and F J Lace to his son Willie after a tour of the Lakes, thanking the children for their letters. - [?c 1840]

717 - 10 December Henry Crofts at 7 Kings Parade, Redlands, Bristol to Fanny Lace in Italian replying belatedly to her letter, praising the the beauties of the Italian language and giving news of family visiting and of friends, and of own indisposition.

718 - 24 November. Henry Crofts at Bowness, Windermere to Fanny Lace asking on behalf of Mr Boyd to try to raise funds for Mr Boyd's friend the Bishop of the Cape of Good Hope - to get as many ladies as possible to promise 1 guinea or more yearly for 5 years. Visiting a hydropathic establishment for his health, describing his treatment.

719 - 21 April. Henry Croft of 7 Kings Parade, Bristol, to Fanny Lace following his visit to Ireland with news of his health, family and friends. Attended a large meeting of Midland proprietors at Derby on Thursday but not one vote raised in favour of Mr Hudson - Railway King has greatly fallen in public opinion and will never regain his reputation. Wisely resigned office of Chairman having perhaps anticipated the disgrace of being turned out. Enquires after letters for him at Ingthorpe [Ingmanthorpe].

720 - Thursday. Henry Crofts at Cantley to Fanny Lace inviting her on behalf of Mr and Mrs Clarke to dine and spend the night with them.

721 - Henry Crofts to Fanny Lace pleading ignorance of her Aunt Henrietta's movements, saying that he may go over to Leeds for a few days but ought not to be absent much until after Bishop has been because he has undertaken instruction of a class principally of girls - hard work because they are so ignorant. Inviting her to come and meet Bishop on 5 October, day of confirmation.

722 - 18 March [? 1846]. Henry Crofts at Grove Cottage, Redland, Bristol to Fanny Lace. Probably will not see her next week. May arrive at Doncaster on Tuesday or Wednesday as visiting Mr George Clark at Cantley for a few days before going to Bradford for christening of her infant cousin [child of John and Ellen Crofts]. Enquiry if any coach to Cantley from Doncaster. Wrote a long letter as a French exercise but believes her Aunt Mary [Sidgwick] prevented him sending it. - [? 1846]

723 - Henry Crofts at Linton to Fanny Lace: did not write earlier because busy with preparations for a meeting first of kind held in this valley of SPG in Foreign Parts. Received 2 gentlemen who composed deputation at his lodgings. Mr Hills who is afternoon lecturer at Leeds Parish Church preached on Sunday and had meeting on Monday evening in in school room where he and Mr Trevor who has just returned from India after a residence of 8 years as Chaplain to the East India Company; has engaged to advocate cause of society throughout England. Meeting well attended and seemed to excite much interest amongst people. Henrietta expected towards end of this month - promised to spend few days with writer when Bishop of Ripon comes to hold confirmation fixed for 30th. Been staying good while with John and Ellen [Crofts] at Bradford. Will try to spend two or three weeks at Doncaster while Fanny is there before his next trip to Continent - hopes to visit valleys of the Vaudois scarcely a day's journey from Turin - refers to travels to Berne and Milan in previous year. Writer has not altogether forgotten the little Italian he read with her at Ingthorpe - wishes she was there to help him revise. Ask Mr Testa if he has read short account of Jesuits by Michelet and Quinet - an extraordinary book. Movements religious and political remarkable at present day - will learn from papers what is going on in Germany. Mr Hills told writer the other day that their Protestant Bishop Luscombe in Parish now in communication with 40 Roman Catholic priests who are anxiously labouring for a Reformation. Whilst on other hand some of their extravagant and crotchety men are proposing to march to Rome. Mr Ward has just gone and Dr Robinson the Master of the Temple told some of his friends the other day that at a great meeting of the clergy that Mr Newman had fixed Christmas [sic] day for his reception into Romish church. 9 September [? 1850] - [? 1850]

724 - 9 October 1851 Henrietta Crofts at 7 Kings Parade [Bristol] to Fanny Lace. She will know by now from Aunt Mary that they will not be journeying north this year. Would not hesitate if could conveniently leave home - when in a smaller house and living in less expense writer shall be much better able to do as she likes and not then obliged to study economy. If she and H could pay them a quiet visit after they are married, they should like this very much. Hopes to give her a desk and workbox which will be useful - but not to raise her expectations very high as they will not be a la exhibition nor anything grand. Must be very busy - thinks she is wise to furnish herself with good stock of useful things. Quite sorry that her papa and mama cannot bring themselves to talk to her about her future prospects. H would be a great comfort to her as well as themselves. Convinced parting would be less bitter if they could often now talk calmly and unreservedly with her. Will keenly feel her going for she has been a good and dutiful daughter and deservedly dearly loved by them. - 1851

725 - 10 August 1841 William Lace at Easingwold to sister Fanny Lace, describing life at Revd S J Allen's where he shares the Allen's school room. - 1841

726 - 14 September 1841 William Longsdon to Fanny Lace. He went to York to see Horticultural show and attend Minster service - describing a new paper game. - 1841

727 - Letter from William Longsdon to Fanny Lace quoting letter from Mr Allen's brother in India with account of visit to shrine of a saint near a very large tank in which hundred alligators [appalling series of riddles]. - Oct 1841

728 - 7 December 1841 W Longsdon to Fanny Lace: learning how to jump with poles and drop from high branches, with account of a local bread charity and a clothing society with circa, 140 members. - 1841

729 - William Longsdon to Fanny. Glad she reached Tenby safely; sorry Mama again poorly. Confirmation over. Archbishop of York very nice looking old man, 84 years old and still loud voice. 428 persons confirmed from several parishes [details enumerated]. Church crowded and many could not get in - all bottom seats filled with persons to be confirmed - rest of congregation in galleries. Young women in white caps on one side of middle aisle and boys on the other. Archbishop lunched there with good many of clergy. Church very nice - thoroughly clean and new hangings put to pulpit and reading desk. 18 October 1842 - 1842

730 - [William Longsdon to Fanny Lace] - 12 Nov 1842

731 - 26 May 1843 William Longsdon to Fanny Lace. Sorry Uncle Carr so very ill but Mama much better. When they go home for holidays will go by themselves as far as Leeds and meet there - reference to sermons on behalf of Church Missionary Society. Schools Feast postponed because of weather. Held on 27th - school decorated with flowers. Went to church before the children had their tea - about 140 children sat down to tea, after which about 70 (39 adults and 40 children) sat down after servants had had their tea. - 1843

732 - 10 June 1843 William Longsdon to Fanny [Lace] with arrangements for meeting in Leeds. - 1843

733 - 13 February 1844 William Longsdon to Fanny [Lace] with birthday wishes. [Chit chat] Went hunting in Newborough Park - 6 boys with Percy Hudson and R Whitle another pupil Mr Allen has got this Easter. Account of rabbit breeding. - 1844

734 - 10 May 1844 William Longsdon to Fanny [Lace] Busy making a garden with bower, flower garden and kitchen garden with hot bed in which has planted cucumbers. Rabbits going on well - about 23 young and old, some not out of nest yet. Asks her to join him in saving to buy some books from CHS to lend at the Martons. - 1844

735 - 28 February 1845 William Longsdon to Fanny [Lace] thanking her for getting a pencil case for him. Comments on weather and family news. They hope to erect hen house next week - hens began to lay yesterday. Surprise at Uncle John marrying so soon. - 1845

736 - 30 August 1844 William Longsdon to Fanny [Lace] - [small talk] found garden very neglected on arrival. - 1844

737 - 6 February 1846 J H [John Henry] Lace at Bromsgrove to Fanny [Lace]. Writing letter as part of writing exercise at new school. In 4th form under Mr Eaton - mixed views on school - very dull part of year as very few games. - 1846

738 - John Henry Lace at Bromsgrove to Fanny [Lace]. Now almost settled - will try to get a study at Easter, Mr Eaton rather too severe but many would never learn a word unless they were obliged. Learn dancing and drawing and all learn French. Spends pocket money on food brought up daily from best confectioners - pork pies, buns, cheese cakes and all sorts of good things. 11 March [1846] - [1846]

739 - J W Lace at Bromsgrove to Fanny [Lace]. Feeling very jolly - quarter marks given out yesterday - gone up 4 places - head in Mathematics. Football not popular - only 1 game a year. `Hoccy' all the go at present but JW thinks football more fun. Nailers been out of work for some time - does not know what riots have been going on. Some Dragoons in town at present - learning dancing this quarter. 16 October 1846 - 1846

740 - 30 November 1846 J W Lace at Bromsgrove to Fanny answering various questions, and commenting on his dancing progress - thinks she had better set up business in the holidays and teach dancing. - 1846

740 - No cricket in winter - too cold and too wet. Tolerably fond of French and think it pretty easy. Have not heard how the small boys and girls are to come home.

741 - J W Lace at Bromsgrove to Fanny [Lace]. Their study getting pretty comfortable - has a thick drugget with pattern like a carpet and a very neat rug. Nice light room looking over street. To have a washing stand put up today and a blind - candle without a blind looks very dismal. Tharold has brought a very nice bronze inkstand and expecting a candle lamp soon. Started to use chilblain ointment - thinks chilblains due to sitting in school with cold feet - and as good deal of snow on ground exercise except on half holidays out of question - all went to a concert last night - only 1 singer, a very powerful man - lecture recital. - 11 Feb 1847

742 - 13 March 1847 J W Lace at Bromsgrove to Fanny [Lace] on weather, chilblains and school work. Works all day on whole school days and takes care to have a good walk on half holidays. Started turning Latin into English verse - hopes practice will make him more poetical. Hopes she succeeded in establishing a library - people might not appreciate it at first - thinks if she has amusing and instructive books children will read. If she can collect £5 EK would give another £5. Will subscribe 10/- if she starts a subscription. Got 10s from shoemaker - ask papa if he may lay it out in 2 or 3 lesson books which he wants. - 1847

743 - 3 January 1848 C H Oates [at Messina] to `Dearest Henry' [HJ Longsdon, Trinity College, Cambridge]. Busy paying calls and putting her menage in apple pie order - pleasant journey to Naples, rough passage on. Longsdon's uncle much upset by unexpected shock of the failure of his bankers at time when so much of his property at stake. Credit of Messina house materially suffered. No news: people here apparently quiet but it is said that at Naples political disturbances daily and crossed letter from E Oates [uncle Edmund] concerning money which H J offered to lend him asking him to let him know his trustees won't let him have it. - 1848

744 - 24 July 1848 F J Lace at Ingthorpe to Henry [J Longsdon] - Much surprised by contents of letter received yesterday. Much better if not spoken to Fanny. Had writer thought he should not have asked him here. Thinks Mrs Lace agrees better not think of this again until Fanny is of age - seen nothing of world and hard to take advantage of her youth. Can give her during writer's life little fortune. Leave her to her own wishes when of age, but before that time does not wish her to correspond with him neither shall writer ask him there. If writer had not asked him here he could not have gained their daughter's affection - hardly proper to do so without saying something to them. - 1848

745 - 26 July 1848 H J Longsdon at Glasgow to F J Lace - copy 2nd letter - agreeing that subject should be generally mentioned to parents first. Expected that Mr Lace would wish Miss Lace to have time for reflection - three years a long time. - 1848

746-7 - 5 & 15 August 1848 [Aunts] Cally and Lily at De Montalt [?Bath] to H J Longsdon congratulatory - not surprised by news - observed XXXXXXXXXXXXX - delighted. - 1848

748A - 30 Aug 1848 J W Lace at Bromsgrove to Fanny [Lace] - Played town club today and terribly beaten by 58 runs [chit chat]. - 1848

748B - 24 Oct 1848 J. W. Lace at Bromsgrove to Fanny [Lace] - [chit chat] and comments on Mr Allen's teaching - objected to his teaching methods. - 1848

749 - 24 Oct 1848 J W Lace at Bromsgrove to H J Longsdon, Trinity College, Cambridge - did he spend all vacation in Scotland - weather very bad after he left. Mamma and the baby poorly so soon as all returned to respective schools Mamma, Papa and baby went to Scarborough for 4 or 5 weeks - news of friends and postscript offering to keep any queries on a certain matter secret. - 1848

750 - 7 Nov 1848 M A O[sborne] MAO at Bath to H J Longsdon glad to hear not only safe but well - suspects some fair lady has entwined self round his affectionate [ear?]- wants details. - 1848

751 - 13 Nov [1848] F J Lace at Ingthorpe Grange to H J Longsdon. Still think he did wrong in gaining their daughter's affections under the privilege of their hospitality - yet as it may injure her health if debarred from writing to him or seeing him Mrs Lace and writer have determined to allow of them corresponding and allow him to visit occasionally. - [1848]

752 - 23 Nov 1848 Aunts at De Montalt Cottage to Henry Longsdon. Sorry to receive note, not coming to see them this Christmas. It cannot be avoided, would not do to refuse Mr Lace invitation. Hope to see him at Easter. Wonder what his uncle will say. - 1848

753 - 12 Feb 1849 H J Longsdon at Trinity College, Cambridge to Aunt - disappointed not to see her this Xmas as half indulged hope of visiting Knipton, should have tried to had she been there. Visited Mr Lace at Ingthorpe [Ingmanthorpe] - wanted to tell her in person, am engaged to be married; to Mr Lace's eldest daughter. He was a great friend of writer's mothers. - 1849

754 - J W Lace at Bromsgrove to Fanny [Lace] - 18 Apr 1849

755 - 30 November 1849 J W Lace at Bromsgrove to Fanny [Lace]. Writing again because note wrote from Oxford was hastily written and short. As to excitement attendant on him going up to Oxford preventing one getting a prize, he does not know whether she refers to Theological one - only one writer has a chance of. Feels rather sanguine; should like to leave Bromsgrove with one prize. Not sorry to leave school though he has spent many happy days there. Likes idea of residing next term - only 1 term later than originally fixed. Wants to give sort of tea supper in his study - small spread to 6 or 8. If writer could only get the means. Could she send him a Christmas pie or anything of that sort? Ask Mamma and Papa and let him know that he may tell her when he should like it sent. Intends to be very economical at Oxford but afraid University is rather an expensive college. Battels higher than at most of others - still suppose a man's non-essential expenses are the great difference. Tell Papa University is getting a cricket ground laid down - altogether cricket flourishing at Oxford. - 1849

756 - 4 Dec 1849 J W Lace at Bromsgrove to Fanny [Lace]. Today fortnight best night for supper. Last night writer will spend there. If all well hopes to leave on Wednesday evenings (20th). Had agreed to go to Manchester that evening with Coulthurst - sleep there and come on Thursday morning - if there is any occasion that writer should go round by Leeds to pick up Johnny and Algernon of course he can easily do so. Had not thought of asking for wine but if Papa has no objection to send some it would be pleasanter as the trouble of making tea for a dozen would be great and it would certainly be liked better - should like to give a good supper but an economical one. A good cake - he means a Christmas one, not rich but large would be a great addition and it has just struck writer that perhaps mince pies would be portable. Shall trust entirely to her management. - 1849

757-8 - Note from E Lace to her daughter Fanny with a personal wedding gift from both parents with their best love and every good wish for her future happiness. Separate in same envelope; list of meanings of the names of Fanny's brothers and sisters.

759 - 24 Dec [1851] J W Lace at Ingthorpe to Fanny enclosing two letters. Hopes she got to Manchester safely. Just sent paragraph given him by Miss Dronsfield to the four papers mentioned. Mr and Mrs Longsdon went this morning at 9.00 and Miss Allison goes at 1.30. Henry's friends could not be persuaded to stay for dinner so left at 4.00 taking charge of Mr Chadwick's carpet bag and Henry's white bag which arrived this morning. Details of other departures. After she left him, had a pleasant walk round Gladstone with whole party of bridesmaids and groomsmen. - [1851]

760-761 - 22 Dec 1851 Notes from Mary Sidgwick at Kings Parade, and Lily Lace at Ingthorpe [Ingmanthorpe], Friday morning, with goodwishes. - 1851

762 - S Gatill, junior from Hotel des Empereurs, Marseilles, to H J Longsdon en route. Boat Folkestone to Boulogne - rest a night at Boulogne. Dares say already made up his mind about Paris - Paris to Chalons by rail in very comfortable carriages with hot water bottles by feet. Start from Chalons at 10.00 next morning to reach Lyons that day - embark at 10.00 on Rhone to Valence that night - onto Avignon next day by 2.00 to reach Manchester same night. Advises at least a day in Avignon very rich in interesting antiquities. Allow at least 36 hours in Marseilles for passport bothers. Choice of boats to Messina - but advises French mail packets. - 5 Dec [1851]

763 - 20 January 1852 Aunt Henrietta to Mrs Longsdon at Messrs Matthey Oates and Co, Messina. Hopes for her safe arrival. - 1852

764 - Letter from Marianne Davis, Nile St, to Fanny, Mrs Longsdon at Messina news of friends and home. - 2 Feb 1852

765 - 22 March 1852 Aunt E Crofts at Leeds to Fanny Longsdon - happy she had so prosperous and enjoyable journey. Will H J be godfather to their next little one? She has already agreed to be godmother. Writer does not like to delay christening after it is safe and prudent to take child out. Still househunting, family news. - 1852

766 - 31 March 1852 Francis Lace at Buchden to sister - hoping she likes Messina as much as she expected. Been very busy getting his potato ground ready - looking after the rabbits himself. - 1852

767 - 1 April 1852 Eliza Oates at De Montalt Cottage to Fanny Longsdon at Messina. Thanks for long letter - news of acquaintance in Bath. - 1852

768 - 2 April [1852] J W Lace at Oxford to sister Fanny at Messina, Sicily via Marseilles. Stopping up in vacation. Account of Benson's academic successes. Race between universities tomorrow and writer is going to see it. Crews are better than usual. They had had no match at Putney since 1849. Cambridge always beats them while Oxford as often wins at Henley where course much shorter. Must go somewhere to read during the "long" - thinks Isle of Man because living cheap there. Family news. Won a pair of silver sculls for a race in dinghies. Given by Farrand - can keep these, unlike the Challenge sculls for which must pull again next term. Fortnight ago a man was hung here - town very full of people - astonished to see numbers of respectably dressed persons, great proportion women. Sunday they won the race easily - so not very exciting. - [1852]

769 - 2 June 1852 M E Glazebrook at Sea Forth to Madam Longsdon, Lucerne. News of friends. - 1852

770 - JW Lace at Oxford to H J Longsdon - 17 Jun 1852

771 - Louisa Maria Foot at Frome, Vauchurch, Dorchester to Fanny at Pension Steinbrauch, Pres du Lion, Lucerne - 26 Aug 1852

772 - Emma J Longsdon at Manchester to Fanny - 15 Sep 1852

773 - J W Lace at Ouchy to H J Longsdon with account of journey on way to England. - [24 Sep 1852]

774 - Frances Matthey at Messina to Mrs Longsdon. Forwarded to W Lace, Ingthorpe Grange, with account of illness on birth of daughter and Messina news. - 12 Oct 1852

775 - Algernon Lace at Healds Hall to sister Fanny - 4 Dec 1852

776 - Journal of F D Longsdon leaving Messina 23 April for Lucerne, returning to Ingthorpe 18 October.

777 - German exercises at Lucerne

778-805 - Henry and Fanny Longsdon to their children at Keighley during a visit to Riviera via Paris, Aix les Bains, Turin, Genoa, Alassio, Bordighera, Mentone, Milan, Lugano. - Nov 1886-Feb 1887

806-1184 - Letters, field cards and other cards from E M Longsdon to E C Longsdon on active service. - 1917-1919

1185 - E M Longsdon at The Hollow, Little Longstone, to his wife? on occasion of wedding anniversary - 1927

1186-1198 - Letters and cards from E M Longsdon on active service to A E C Longsdon and A E C L's letters to his parents from Godstowe School, High Wycombe.

1199-1200 - Cards from P Hunt in Bristol and letters from AEC Longdon - 1918-1938

CA - Index

E - Estate, general

EF - Personal Estate Papers and Accounts

FP - Personal Papers

FZ - Family papers : general

O - Office and Public Service

P - PLANS

T - Title Deeds

X - Additional estate, family and personal papers - 20th Cent

ZF - Papers relating to families associated with the Longsdon family

ZL - Legal Miscellanea

ZP - Longsdon family history papers

ZZ - Miscellaneous papers

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